• 제목/요약/키워드: Extension system

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Comparison of Muscle Activities of the Posterior Oblique Sling Muscles among Three Prone Hip Extension Exercises with and without Contraction of the Latissimus dorsi

  • Kang, Dae-kwan;Hwang, Young-In
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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    • v.14 no.3
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    • pp.39-45
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    • 2019
  • PURPOSE: We investigated the most effective way to activate the posterior oblique sling muscles by performing prone hip extension exercises. METHODS: An electromyography system was used to measure the activation of the posterior oblique sling muscles (latissimus dorsi, gluteus maximus, multifidus, and biceps femoris) in three different prone hip extension exercises of in 12 healthy individuals (6 men and 6 women): 1) prone hip extension, 2) prone hip extension with internal rotation and extension of the arm, and 3) prone hip extension with internal rotation and extension of the arm with a 1-Ib dumbbell. RESULTS: The overall muscular activation of the posterior oblique sling muscles was more increased when performing 1) prone hip extension with internal rotation and 2) prone hip extension with internal rotation and extension of the arm with a 1-Ib dumbbell as compared with that during prone hip extension except for the biceps femoris activation. There was a statistically significant difference in the activities of the contralateral multifidi among all three exercises; of the ipsilateral multifidi in PHE1) prone hip extension alone, PHE2) prone hip extension with internal rotation and extension of the arm and PHE3) prone hip extension with internal rotation and extension of the arm with 1-Ib dumbbell; and of the ipsilateral gluteus maximus among all the prone hip extension exercises. There was no significant difference in the activity of the biceps femoris among the three exercises. CONCLUSION: Prone hip extension with internal rotation and with internal rotation and extension of the arm with 1-Ib dumbbell can activate the posterior oblique sling muscles and so prevent back pain in healthy people.

Study of a Two-wheel Mobile Robot with Linear Workspace Extension Structures (선형 작업 영역 확장 구조를 가진 두 바퀴 구동 모바일 로봇에 대한 연구)

  • Bae, Yeong-Geol;Jung, Seul
    • Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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    • v.21 no.4
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    • pp.342-348
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    • 2015
  • This paper presents a two-wheel balancing mobile robot with linear workspace extension structures. The two-wheel mobile robot has two linear motions at the waist and shoulder to have extended workspace. The linear motion of the waist and shoulder provides some structural advantages. A dynamic equation of the simplified robot system is derived. Simulation studies of the position control of the robot system are performed based on the dynamic equations. The dynamic relationship between a two-wheel mobile system and linear extension mechanism is observed by simulation studies.

Integrity Evaluation of Sleeve Extension Composites Manufactured by Fiber Placement System (FPS) (Fiber Placement System(FPS)에 의해 제조된 복합재료 Sleeve Extension의 성형 건전성 평가)

  • Kong Jin-Woo;Kim Jin-Bong;Kim Tae-Wook;Ju Jin
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society For Composite Materials Conference
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    • 2004.04a
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    • pp.254-257
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    • 2004
  • Fiber placement system (FPS) carries out an advanced composites process which orients high strength reinforcing fibers in specific directions. The process includes wet winding, thermoset tape winding, thermoset prepreg placement and thermoplastic prepreg placement. FPS have the advantage of tape laying and filament winding with computer control and software. Using FPS can reduce costs, cycle times, structural weight, and handwork/rework when manufacturing composite parts. The sleeve extension is a part of the helicopter rotator systems. In this study, The sleeve extension composites were manufactured using FPS and tensile properties of this composites were characterized using universal testing machine(UTM).

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A Study on the Level of Interaction in Extension Services through a Systems Approach - Focused on Extension Services of Experiment Station - (체계적 관점에 따른 기술전파활동의 상호작용 수준 분석 - 지역특화작목시험장의 기술전파활동을 중심으로 -)

  • Hwang, Jeong-Im;Choi, Sang-Ho
    • Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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    • v.12 no.4 s.33
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    • pp.99-114
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    • 2006
  • Under awareness of the importance of interaction between local research agencies and farmers in developing local agriculture, this study attempts to analyse the level of interaction in extension services of Experiment Station. The data were collected through the interview with researchers in five Experiment Stations and farmers who have made contact with the researchers. The results of the analysis are as follow: (1) The Experiment Stations are currently providing extension services though they are originally research-oriented agencies. The extension methods of Experiment Stations are similar with those of extension agencies. (2) The more systematic the characteristic of extension service type is, the higher level of interaction is generated with several exceptions which should not be ignored. This study accentuates the efforts to improve the level of interaction as well as to construct a system as a linked set of actors.

A Development of the Strategies for the Agricultural Extension Service through the Farmers' Educational Needs Assessment (농업인의 교육요구를 고려한 농촌지도사업의 발전 방향)

  • Shinn, Yun-Ho;Kim, Dae-Hee
    • Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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    • v.19 no.1
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    • pp.1-28
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    • 2012
  • The Extension Program accountability will continue to be an influential force to develop agriculture and rural area. As we incorporate new approaches into our service program and respond to new domains of knowledge, we must also consider how our assessment strategies may need to change in order to meet local and other external standards. The main purpose of the study was to be what the best way of Extension Service is set farmers' educational needs met and to be what kind of methodologies and role of Extension system should provide for their faced problem solving effectively. The major results of the study on Farmers' needs toward Korean Extension Services are summarized as follows. First, it is observed that, when the farmers' perceptions were analyzed, the most ranked by the farmers' needs was "having nice extension workers to get advice and solve their problems on the farm in all at once." Farmers had especially more positive attitudes in the categories of interest and careers in ag-technology. To do services level up, the headquarter of Rural Development of Administration must be work with local branches to effectively deliver their missions and educational objectives to target crops and farmers group. And farmers were strongly needed "a specialized service team will be organized" to work closely with operating services for ag-products processing, packing and marketing. The recommendations were made by: farmers' needs should be identified and announced by computer networking development to solve their problems faster. Also, provincial and county level service members should have a chance to working at research institute or related work places with their incentives, which system will be easer to meet farmers' needs and deal with their problems so that the systematic approaches should be managed and recorded their educational attendings, education contents and even their farming corporations. Finally, Agricultural Extension Service should be met to general ag-technology literacy and be balanced with knowledge of other industries and be competitive service with better values in non-agricultural sectors.

Present and Future Agricultural Extension System and International Agricultural Technology Cooperation of Sudan (수단 농촌지도사업의 현재와 미래)

  • Geberaldar, Sumaya Ahmed Hamid;Park, Duk-Byeong;Cho, Gyoung-Rae
    • Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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    • v.21 no.4
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    • pp.1227-1259
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    • 2014
  • This paper explores agricultural extension systems, extension challenges, research and extension models, governance structures of agricultural extension and advisory services in Sudan. Agricultural extension services in Sudan are provided by a variety of governmental department and corporation. The Technology Transfer and Extension Administration under the Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation, had been launched during mid 2000's aims at making extension systems farmer driven and farmer accountable by way of new institutional arrangements for technology dissemination in the form of community participation approach at the state level, to make the extension reforms have the active participation of farmers/farmer groups. The main problem facing agricultural extension services in developing countries is poor link between extension organization and research. Both extension administration and Agricultural Research Corporation (ARC) are operating as departments of ministry of Agricultural and irrigation for very long time. There are three recommendations to achieve the effectiveness of the Agricultural Research Corporations (ARC) in reaching farmers. Firstly, extension staff members should be assigned to every ARC station. Secondly, the ARC might increase positions for Agricultural development specialist or Farming System Research (FSR) specialist. Their role would be to reflect the needed of farmer and translate them to the researchable topics. Thirdly, researcher should conduct more research on farmer's fields.

Agricultural Extension in Information Age (정보화시대 농촌지도자의 경영전략)

  • Choe, Young-Chan
    • Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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    • v.6 no.2
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    • pp.39-51
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    • 1999
  • For the last 10 years, many institutions have tried to build more effective rural information system. They have devoted most effort to build DB/NWs for agribusiness, farmers, and rural community. However, their information system has not satisfied the demands on farm. To meet the farmer's demands, rural information system should be a farm-oriented, educational, democratic, realistic, and comprehensive information system. Few suggestions are raised to build successful information based agriculture and rural community. First, we should focus more on developing a farm based MIS SWs rather than the DB/NWs. Second, we should emphasize education and AS of information system more than development of the system. Third, governments should invest more to build better information infrastructure for rural community including information super highways.

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An Evaluation on the Operating of Fisheries Extension Services (어촌지도사업의 평가)

  • 최정윤
    • The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.65-106
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    • 1986
  • 1, The Purpose of Study This is a study on the Evaluation of the operating of Fisheries Extension Services of Korea, for performing the activities such as guiding fisheries technique as well as offering industrial information to the fishermen in fishing village. By doing so, the Fisheries Extension Sevices(FES) can materialize the continued growth of fisheries, the social and economic development of fishing village, and the increase in income by enhancing the knowledge level of Fishermen, etc. In performing fisheries policy, this activity plays a great role on the research and development activity, and it has become practical since 1976 in Korea. In order to meet immediately with the problem of fisheries technical innovation and rapid environmental changes surrounding the fisheries, the fishermen should not only enhance their scientific and comprehensive capacity in fisheries technique but abtain various effective information. Generally, as most of all the fishemen are poor in the managerial structure and scattered in fishing villages, they have little opportunity in the contact of information. As a result, it is nessessary for the FES to perform the fishing business by the extension service officials who has received special training and acquired fisheries know-how in these fields. And yet, FES is under the unfullfilled circumstance in such factors as manpower, technical know-how, equipment, and the service system etc., which is required in promoting the social, economic development of fishing village and in resolving the high technique demand of fisherman. This study on the fisheries extension services have been studied from those backgrounds. 2. Research Method The data of collecting methods which were necessary in carrying out this study was adopted by the questionaire research on the present extension service activity, through the subject of the extension services (driving agency of the work and the officials), the object(fishemen) and the 3rd observers to the extension services (the authorities concerned). The research sample was taken by the sampling extraction of total 1, 774 men from the above 3 groups. And the research was carried out from August, 1986 to October, 1986, supported from the Fisheries Extension Office (FEO) located in field during the research process. In this study, the levels of the extension operating were determined and estimated in accordance with the extension service method, morale of extension service officials and the extension service system, etc. through the collected data of the research questionaire paper. And based on this result, the essential conditions of the extension services were grasped, and also we tried to present the various activity plan necessary to promote the operating of the extension services. The questionaire research data was calculated by the computer center of National Fisheries University of Pusan, and the total result was again tried on the one demension analysis along with two dimension analysis to search out the relativity between the questionaire, and the statistical test was done $\chi$$^2$test in significance level of l~5%. 3. Contents of Study This study consists of 7 chapters and the contents are as follows : Chapter I : The object and method of the study Chapter II : The assessment and analysis of the extension services Chapter III : The contents and method of the extension services Chapter IV : Analysis of the essential conditions for the extension services Chapter V : The evaluation of activities of extension services Chapter Ⅵ : Conclusion.4. Results and RecommendationTherefore, the results of this study estimated by logical process and analysis are as follows : 1) Most of Korean fishing villages and coastal fishermen have shown much concerns about fisheries technique and social changes, thus many of them were confronted with new problems on how to adapt and to meet changes. 2) Majority of fishermen estimated FEO as an organization of specific technologies with all the thing concerning the fisheries technique in general. Therefore the fishermen wanted to utilize the FEO as an adaptable method for the modern fisheries techniques as well as the environmental changes. 3) In contrast with the fast changes of the fisheries technique, the complexity and variety of technical system and the broadness of fishing village and fishermen, it was revealed that the necessary factors such as the facilities, manpower, budget, and the level of applying techniques of the FEO located in field were highly insufficient. Accordingly, the guiding efficiency was low and the extension services did not provide full solution to the various request from fishermen. 4) It is possible to classify the activation factor for the extension service into two large dimension ; personal dimension relevant to guidance officials and work dimension relevant to the organization. And it was found that the activation level of the work dimension was far lower than the personal dimension between them. So, the activation should be done first in the dimesion to promote the activation of the extension services. 5) The extension services officials are now demoralized in general, thus it is necessary to take reality into consideration : the expense of activity, the adequate endowment of activity scope and the reasonable operation of the position class, etc to enhance its morale. However, in order to do the FES activation, first of all, the systems should be established which is lain unsettled stage until now. And there must be change in the understanding of government i.e. the fisheries extension services are the essential policy subject to build up the base of fisheries growth and modernize the fisheries management. And it should be driven positively with the recognition of the "lasting project".g project".uot;.

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Directions for Revision of Rural Development Law (농촌진흥법 개정방향)

  • Lee, Min
    • Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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    • v.6 no.2
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    • pp.53-74
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    • 1999
  • This study aimed at exploring new directions for revision of the Rural Development Law. Research and development for environmentally friendly agricultural technologies and localization of the extension offices and staffs were some of the important challenges to agricultural extension services in Korea. The study suggested new directions for revision of the Rural Development Law should consider new development and environmental concerns of agricultural sciences, and needs of farmers, local and central government. Some of major focus of the revised Rural Development Law should include the following; 1) Rural development programs should cover extended areas of newly developed concerns and target groups, 2) County and city administration should provide proper administrative and financial support for local agricultural extension center. 3) Areas for agricultural research and development should be extended to meet the needs of newly developed technologies and sustainable environment system at local level, 4) Monitoring and evaluation of extension efforts should be performed annually to support financially and to strengthen proper systematic linkage between national and local extension services.

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