• ETRI Journal
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.364-366
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• 2006

This letter introduces an efficient transmission of traffic information through a terrestrial digital multimedia broadcasting system, which is a multimedia and mobility empowered option of the European digital audio broadcasting system. By adapting Korean characteristic traffic information into the transport protocol expert group messages in the traffic information delivery, a highly efficient traffic information system was implemented and tested in Korea.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.327-333
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different types of attentional focus(internal focus vs. external focus) on the dart throwing mechanics. Seven expert dart throwing athletes were assigned to an internal focus group and other seven athletes were assigned to an external focus group. Each group was asked to throw dart either under verbal instruction or without instruction. During dart throwing, accuracy(radial error), consistency(bivariate variable error), dart velocity, acceleration, elbow joint ROM, elbow joint angular velocity, EMD(electromechanical delay), iEMG of biceps brachii and triceps brachii, and CI(coactivation index) were collected and analyzed. Nither instruction type nor instruction itself affected in accuracy and consistency. However, in dart velocity and acceleration, there was an interaction between instruction and attentional focus types. Velocity and acceleration increased in the internal condition, where as they decreased in the external condition. The ROM of elbow joint did not affected by instruction and attention type. However, similar to dart velocity and acceleration, angular velocity increased in internal focus group, while it decreased in external focus group. EMG showed no difference with any condition. In conclusion, internal focus is better than external focus for dart throwing.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.79-89
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• 2016

Purpose: This paper reports the results of a hospital centered follow-up program on parenting stress, parenting efficacy and coping for mothers with very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. Methods: The follow-up program consisted of home visiting by an expert group and self-help program for 1 year. A non-equivalent control group pre-post quasi-experimental design was used. Participants were 70 mothers with low birth weight infants and were assigned to one of two groups, an experimental groups (n=28), which received the family support program; and a control group (n=27), which received the usual discharge education. Data were analyzed using ${\chi}^2$-test, t-test, and ANCOVA with IBM SPSS statistics 20.0. Results: Mothers' parenting stress (F=5.66, p=.004) was significantly decreased in the experimental group. There were also significant increases in parenting efficacy (F=13.05, p<.001) and coping (F=8.91, p=.002) in the experimental group. Conclusion: The study findings suggest that a follow-up program for mothers with VLBW infants is an effective intervention to decrease mothers' parenting stress and to enhance parenting efficacy and coping.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.195-209
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was 1) to examine the usage of mobile internet by cell phone or palm pilot, etc., 2) to analyze mobile users' lifestyles, 3) to examine preferred fashion services according to users' lifestyles and 4) to investigate service satisfaction and preference with the mobile internet. 193 university students in Seoul were randomly selected as subject. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics (i.e., percentage, frequency), factor analysis, cluster analysis and ANOVA. The results of the study were as follows: first, most mobile users spent 10 min a day for using the mobile internet (i.e., short message service) mainly in transportation vehicles. Secondly, five factors in the mobile users' lifestyle were named as: 'surfer', 'absorber', 'expert', 'accepter' and 'enthusiast'. Thirdly, two factors in the preferences of fashion service on mobile internet were 'customized information service' and 'ordinary information service'. Fourthly, according to the internet lifestyle, mobile users were classified into three groups: 'mania group', 'follower group', and 'veteran group'. The mania group was the highest group in mobile service satisfaction and service preference. Marketing implications are discussed for the successful mobile business in clothing and textile industry.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제31권7호
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• pp.579-592
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• 2022

Much controversy has been generated over whether the ecological restoration project in Korea is faithful to the basic approach of ecological restoration compared to projects aimed at creating parks or green spaces. This study was aimed at understanding the level of awareness of practitioners in the planting design method, which is recognized as relatively important in landscape architecture and ecological restoration. The proficiency of practitioners in planting design techniques for ecological restoration projects was investigated and analyzed in seven areas: overall planting design awareness, plant species selection method, planting tree sizes, planting density, use of native species, vegetation climatic zone, soil environment, and weed control. There was no statistically significant difference between the group who thought they were experts in the field of ecological restoration and the group who thought they were experts in the field of parks and green spaces. Moreover, there was no statistically significant difference between the degree of work performance, that is, the group whose main industry was ecological restoration, the group that performed relatively more ecological restoration work, and the group that rarely performed it. Therefore, to apply desirable ecological restoration techniques in the future and to clearly differentiate between the approach in the field of parks and green spaces, the appropriate tree size or planting density selected in the ecological restoration planting design stage must be chosen. To this end, the awareness of expert groups must be improved and related laws, systems, and guidelines must be revised.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.434-442
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• 2016

스트레스 수준에 따라 산림치유 프로그램의 선호도에 차이가 있는지를 살펴 보았다. 편의표본추출(convenience sampling)방법을 이용하여 성인 남 여를 대상으로 산림치유 프로그램 선호도와 사회 심리적 스트레스 척도에 관한 설문을 실시하였다. 사회 심리적 스트레스 척도(PWI-SF: Psycho social Well-being Index Short Form)를 근거로 성인 620명을 건강군, 잠재적 스트레스군, 고위험군으로 분류하였다. 자료분석은 SPSS 21.0 프로그램을 사용하였다. 스트레스 수준에 따른 세 군 사이의 산림치유 프로그램 선호도 차이를 알아보기 위해 일원 분산분석(one-way ANOVA)을 이용하였다. 스트레스 수준에 따라 산림치유 프로그램 선호도(호흡법 호흡체조, 자유롭게 숲속걷기, 물 흐르는 소리 듣기, 카운슬링 상담 등 전문가 코칭, 스트레스 관련 강의, 대인관계 커뮤니케이션 강의, 경관보기, 숲 해설 듣기, 삼림욕 풍욕 일광욕)에 있어서 차이가 있었다. 고위험 스트레스군은 카운슬링 상담 등 전문가 코칭, 스트레스 관련 강의, 대인관계 커뮤니케이션 강의 등의 인지적인 접근의 프로그램을, 건강군은 호흡법 호흡체조, 자유롭게 숲속걷기(신발착용), 물 흐르는 소리 듣기, 경관보기, 삼림욕 풍욕 일광욕 등의 오감을 활용하는 감성적인 접근의 프로그램을 각각 상대적으로 높게 선호하는 것으로 나타났다. 잠재적 스트레스군에 있어서는 두드러진 선호도가 발견되지 않았다. 본 연구 결과가 스트레스 정도에 따른 산림치유 프로그램을 개발을 위한 기초자료로 활용되기를 기대한다.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.58-66
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• 2006

Threshold limit value (TLV) test between expert and consumer panel was conducted about absolute, recognition and difference threshold respectively. And we tried to suggest appropriate and minimum acceptable menthol concentration level by consumer panel. Determination of threshold value was based on ASTM E 679-79 method by forced-choice ascending concentration series. In addition, a semi-ascending paired difference method was referred to conduct test. The group threshold value was determined as the value of geometric mean individual threshold. The smokers were dividend by two groups, trained and consumer panel. Trained panel was selected according to sensitivity to menthol discrimination. Consumer panel wasrecruited in proportion as population ratios including female smokers. They were all over twenty years old volunteers and summed up thirty four persons. In terms of sensor evaluation, overall difference test with seven-category scale by both trained and consumer panelists were done. On judging correct or incorrect answer, two by three cut-off levels applied to. Every test was conducted with two sessions, before smoking and during smoking period. And, only two samples served each paneI per test with regard to sensory fatigue and reliable results. All tests were replicated, and in total 32 times per panelist. In conclusion, the recognition threshold about consumer and expert panel was 358 ppm/cig. and 276 ppm/cig. in separately. Besides, absolute and difference thresholds were obtained also. And, we conduct difference threshold test with two different ways, upward and downward. And, The results of each method were 246, 195 ppm/cig., 1414, 1336 ppm/cig. and 1047, 972 ppm/cig.

• 시큐리티연구
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• 제17호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2008

민간안전분야의 상호연계성과 발전방안으로서는 첫째, 대테러 전문가를 양성해야 한다. 둘째, 대테러 전문가 자격증 제도를 도입시켜야 한다. 셋째, 민영화 된 대테러 연구소가 필요하다. 넷째, 대테러 방지법 제정을 위한 민영화의 역할의 중요성이다. 또한 민간 시큐리티와의 협력에서 민간안전 산업의 전문화, 세분화를 위해서라도 대학이나 민간안전관련 학회 및 협회에서 연구소를 설치해야 한다. 다양한 대테러 전문가를 양성하고 안전분야 관련 종사자들의 의식전환과 대테러 교육 기자재 및 교육내용을 구축해서 특정단체 권한이 아니고 인권침해 최소화 할 수 있는 다각적 검토 연구가 후속연구를 계속해서 연구되어져야 할 것이라 사료된다. 테러학의 학문적영역의 구축이 필요하다. 테러학의 학문적 범위 연구가 설정되어서 대테러 전문가 양성이 체계적으로 연구가 필요하다. 국가기관의 주도형으로 반전하기보다는 민간주도형으로 과감하게 학계와 적극적인 상호협력 방안에 정치적, 종교적, 문화적, 사회적, 국제화 등 접근해야 할 것이다. 또 후속적인 연구에서는 범죄와 전쟁과 테러의 상호관련에 관한 학문적 연구를 심층 깊은 분야별 연구가 되어져야 한다. 범죄예방을 위한 민간안전분야의 역할이 중요하다고 생각하고 이에 따른 대테러의 대응책의 역할에서의 보안, 경호, 경비의 분야의 상호협력 방안도 요인별로 과학적 접근을 통한 연구가 필요하다.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.37-44
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• 2023

As a basic study to analyze the relative importance of external space in urban development projects, this study selects evaluation indicators for external space planning and then analyzes systematic external space planning through expert surveys. The scope of the study is to examine the criteria of evaluation items for external space derived from existing studies and to suggest the importance and priority of evaluation items. As a research method, we reviewed the legal and research literature on landscape planning and external space-related guidelines, and conducted a primary review of external space planning evaluation items analyzed by questionnaire. The reviewed items were again reviewed and selected through expert group discussions (FGI). The selected evaluation items were surveyed by expert groups and analyzed in depth using the hierarchical analysis method (AHP). Looking at the relative importance of the calculated sub-items, among the 17 sub-items, 'planning open space' (.096) is the largest, followed by 'pedestrianization' (.082), 'linking with adjacent buildings, streets, parks, and green areas' (.077), 'securing public space through various planning techniques such as linking with pedestrian paths' (.066), 'Plan the placement, form, and scale of buildings in consideration of the identity of the destination' (.065), 'Plan buildings, streets, parks, and green spaces in an integrated and holistic manner' (.065), 'Harmonize with the surrounding environment (landscape)' (.063), 'Harmonize with surrounding buildings and apply landscape planning in urban planning' (.063), 'Entrances and lower floors of buildings are planned as parks for users and pedestrians' (.060), 'Preserve and expand green areas and establish maintenance plans for urban greening' (.054), 'Form the basis for a comfortable life for urban residents by providing long-term development directions' (.047), 'Activate community activities and plan pedestrian environments and streetscapes considering human scale' (.047), 'Establish and propose basic directions for urban greening' (.046), 'Plan buildings, streets, parks, and green areas considering the hierarchy and characteristics of the landscape structure' (.045), 'Plan for integrated land use' (.045), 'Create green axes in connection without cutting them due to development activities' (.044), and 'Apply barrier free design' (.034).

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제24권7호
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• pp.606-625
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• 2023

Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) was introduced in 1977 with the administration of chemotherapeutic agent to gelatin sponge particles through the hepatic artery in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and was established as conventional TACE using Lipiodol in the 1980s. In the 2000s, drug-eluting beads were developed and applied clinically. Currently, TACE is a commonly used non-surgical treatment modality for patients with HCC who are unsuitable for curative treatment. Considering the vital role of TACE in the management of HCC, it is crucial to organize current knowledge and expert opinions regarding patient preparation, procedural techniques, and post-treatment care in TACE, which can enhance therapeutic efficacy and safety. A group of 12 experts in the fields of interventional radiology and hepatology, convened by the Research Committee of the Korean Liver Cancer Association (KLCA), has developed expert consensus-based practical recommendations in TACE. These recommendations have been endorsed by the Korean Society of Interventional Radiology and provide useful information and direction in performing TACE procedure as well as pre- and post- procedural patient care.