• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.271-296
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• 1992

The purposes of this study were 1) to identify patterns and trends of studies of anxiety and stress and 2) to provide direction on which to base further research. Research studies of anxiety and stress were selected from journals of medical and nursing schools, the Korean Nurse, the Korean Nurses' Academic Society Journal, the Central Journal of Medicine, the New Medical Journal, Monthly Nurse, and from theses and dissertations, which had been conducted for the 20 years from 1970 to 1990. The total population of the studies numbered 463. Seven studies were excluded from the analysis because of duplication, so that 252 studies of anxiety and 204 of stress were analyzed. These studies were analyzed for 1) time of publication or presentation, 2) research design, 3) characteristics of subjects used in each study, 4) types of correlated variables, and 5) types of nursing interventions. Findings obtained in the study were as follows : 1. The number of studies related to anxiety and stress has increased rapidly since the early 1980's. 2. The studies were primarily descriptive throughout the 20 years. However, correlational studies, comparative studies and experimental studies slowly increased. 3. Anxiety studies tend to be conducted more on patients and stress studies with normal subjects in non - experimental research. However, experimental studies were conducted more with patients than with normal subjects. 4. In correlational studies, the trend was to study physical conditions in relation to anxiety, and coping and adaptation in relation to stress. 5. In experimental studies, teaching and information therapy and relaxation were the most popular interventions for anxiety, and supportive care for stress. On the bases of these findings, the following recommendations were made : 1. These patterns of studies related to anxiety and stress in Korea need to be compared with studies conducted in other countries. 2. More attention is needed in terms of research design, reliability and validity of tools, and results of statistical analysis. 3. Meta -analysis should be done to analyze and integrate the results of various studies. 4. For theory testing and identification of useful intervention methods, experimintal studies with the same protocols must be conducted rather than more descriptive studies.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.599-615
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• 2016

The present research presents experimental and finite element studies to investigate the behavior of piled raft-tunnel system in a sandy soil. In the experimental work, a small scale model was tested in a sand box with load applied vertically to the raft through a hydraulic jack. Five configurations of piles were tested in the laboratory. The effects of pile length (L), number of piles in the group and the clearance distance between pile tip and top of tunnel surface (H) on the load carrying capacity of the piled raft-tunnel system are investigated. The load sharing percent between piles and rafts are included in the load-settlement presentation. The experimental work on piled raft-tunnel system yielded that all piles in the group carry the same fraction of load. The load carrying capacity of the piled raft-tunnel model was increased with increasing (L) for variable (H) distances and decreased with increasing (H) for constant pile lengths. The total load carrying capacity of the piled raft-tunnel model decreases with decreasing number of piles in the group. The total load carrying capacity of the piles relative to the total applied load (piles share) increases with increasing (L) and the number of piles in the group. The increase in (L/H) ratio for variable (H) distance and number of piles leads to an increase in piles share. ANSYS finite element program is used to model and analyze the piled raft-tunnel system. A three dimensional analysis with elastoplastic soil model is carried out. The obtained results revealed that the finite element method and the experimental modeling are rationally agreed.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.52 no.6
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• pp.479-495
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• 2022

Purpose: Rodent models have emerged as an alternative to established larger animal models for peri-implantitis research. However, the construct validity of rodent models is controversial due to a lack of consensus regarding their histological, morphological, and biochemical characteristics. This systematic review sought to validate rodent models by characterizing their morphological changes, particularly marginal bone loss (MBL), a hallmark of peri-implantitis. Methods: This review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. A literature search was performed electronically using MEDLINE (PubMed), and Embase, identifying pre-clinical studies reporting MBL after experimental peri-implantitis induction in rodents. Each study's risk of bias was assessed using the Systematic Review Center for Laboratory animal Experimentation (SYRCLE) risk of bias tool. A meta-analysis was performed for the difference in MBL, comparing healthy implants to those with experimental peri-implantitis. Results: Of the 1,014 unique records retrieved, 23 studies that met the eligibility criteria were included. Peri-implantitis was induced using 4 methods: ligatures, lipopolysaccharide, microbial infection, and titanium particles. Studies presented high to unclear risks of bias. During the osseointegration phase, 11.6% and 6.4%-11.3% of implants inserted in mice and rats, respectively, had failed to osseointegrate. Twelve studies were included in the meta-analysis of the linear MBL measured using micro-computed tomography. Following experimental peri-implantitis, the MBL was estimated to be 0.25 mm (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.14-0.36 mm) in mice and 0.26 mm (95% CI, 0.19-0.34 mm) in rats. The resulting peri-implant MBL was circumferential, consisting of supra- and infrabony components. Conclusions: Experimental peri-implantitis in rodent models results in circumferential MBL, with morphology consistent with the clinical presentation of peri-implantitis. While rodent models are promising, there is still a need to further characterize their healing potentials, standardize experiment protocols, and improve the reporting of results and methodology.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.530-536
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• 2020

The use of minutiae by fingerprint readers is robust against presentation attacks, but one weakness is that the mismatch rate is high. Therefore, minutiae tend to be used with skeleton images. There have been many studies on security vulnerabilities in the characteristics of minutiae, but vulnerability studies on the skeleton are weak, so this study attempts to analyze the vulnerability of presentation attacks against the skeleton. To this end, we propose a method based on the skeleton to recover the original fingerprint using a learning algorithm. The proposed method includes a new learning model, Pix2Pix, which adds a latent vector to the existing Pix2Pix model, thereby generating a natural fingerprint. In the experimental results, the original fingerprint is restored using the proposed machine learning, and then, the restored fingerprint is the input for the fingerprint reader in order to achieve a good recognition rate. Thus, this study verifies that fingerprint readers using the skeleton are vulnerable to presentation attacks. The approach presented in this paper is expected to be useful in a variety of applications concerning fingerprint restoration, video security, and biometrics.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.285-297
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• 2013

The purpose of this research is to find the effect of the lesson using open-inquiry report Lubric on open-inquiry standard and science process skill; to find the change of cognition on open-inquiry for elementary school 5th grade students. Two classes (elementary school 5th grade) were selected which located in a small and medium-sized city for this research and they were separated as an experimental group and a comparative group. Open-inquiry lesson was done by referring teaching method which introduced through the curriculum. The procedure was understanding about open-inquiry, making open-inquiry subject, planning, and performing inquiry, mid-term, performing inquiry, making a report, presentation, and evaluation. Open-inquiry report Lubric which developed by Sook-Kyung Kim et al. (2010) was provided to the experimental group. Comparative group was instructed by using open-inquiry report which introduced to the elementary school 5th grade science text book. Interview paper was developed in order to check out the effect of the research by using a test paper of science process skill. The following could be found out through the research. After open-inquiry lesson, 10 open-inquiry reports(5 reports from experimental group, 5 reports from comparative group) have been drawn at random as samples from the total 62 sets (30 reports from experimental group, 32 reports from comparative group) and evaluated by a researcher and two elementary school teachers who have master degree. The reliability of the 3 scorers was 0.923 of mean correlation coefficient. And then the researcher evaluated all open-inquiry reports. The average score of open-inquiry report was 66.78 for experimental group, 54.27 for comparative group, respectively. And there was a significant difference at p<0.05 level as a result of the t-test. The experimental group rated high at p<0.05 level according to the analysis of post-science process skill test. According to the result of survey, both experimental group and comparative group had understood open-inquiry activity. It was especially rated high for experimental group on understanding scientific inquiry process, interest and satisfaction in open-inquiry and re-participation rate. By interviewing experimental group, it is recognized that the students utilized Lubric very well through the overall process. Finally, self-evaluation was done during open-inquiry activity and it was reported that the students gained more knowledge about science and changed to positive about science. As a result, the lesson using open-inquiry report Lubric was effective for students to improve writing skill of an open-inquiry report and science process skill and finally changed the cognition to positive about open-inquiry lesson.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.154-168
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• 2000

This study was done to analyze the trends of research on stroke in Korea, to suggest future direction, for research on stroke. This article reviewed 75 nursing research papers on stroke done since 1990 to 2000 by examining them according to the period of publication or presentation, research design, type of subjects, measurement variables, the intervention outcome of experimental research, and theme of qualitative research. The research were as follows : 1. 26 of 75 studies were composed of master thesis and dissertation of graduate school. There were 53 nonexperimental research, 15 experimental research, and 7 qualitative studies design. 2. Stroke patients subject' Characteristic were 44 and Family and Spouses of caregiver support were 28 of total studies. 3. Most measurement instruments used for research were translated and redesigned it into Korean that developed by foreigners, and development measurement instruments used Kang's ADL. 4. Family support and Social support was shown the frequently among correlational research. 5. Methodological research were development of an evaluation tool for the quality of nursing care in stroke patients, caregiver support of development of nursing intervention list, and Home care Nursing Intervention protocol, and development of client selection criteria based on the needs of services to be offered. 6. The experimental research of intervention were mostly education nursing intervention, rehabilitation program on functional recovery, support nursing intervention, and applying a home care protocol on the nursing care intervention. 7. Theme of qualitative research were family experience, home care in family experience, soobal experience, illness experience, hope of Stroke patients and so on. Phenomenologic methodology and Granded Theory was designed of Qualitative research. On the basis of the above finding the following recommendations are made: 1. It's necessary to develop a reliable and variable measurement tool for stroke patients and family care of stroke patients. 2. It's necessary to study the comparison of Nursing Studies of stroke research abroad, the replication to establish the effect of nursing intervention stroke patients and family care of stroke patients.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.144-153
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• 2012

This study analyzed and investigated problems of local safety experience halls' spatial structure and media status. Improvements would be suggested after comprehending the need to execute safety education based on citizen's satisfaction and requests. Contents of safety experience space concept, display characteristics and types applied to local institution were analyzed. Safety experience centers with systemized protocols that opened after 2003 and were bigger than $5,000m^2$ were selected. We had three candidates and they were Seoul Gwangnaru Safety Experience Center, Boramea Safety Experience Center and Daegu Safety Theme Park. Going through checklists and interviewing official institutions that were in charge of safety hall educations helped comprehension of sample space status and detailed experimental presentation media. A survey was created based on this study and was distributed to users and non-users of safety experience halls. The survey consisted of general questions covering situations, awareness, level of interests, frequency and satisfaction level. The results were extracted with SPSS 18.0 through frequency analysis and cross tabulations. This research improvements through synthesized contemplation. For the resuits First, various experimental programs need to be supplemented in order to prevent accidents. Second, vivid experimental spaces need to be planned for active participation and users should be fully aware of safety hazard through education. Third, there weren't enough institutions compared to the education needs. Promoting and building more safety experience halls are dire. Finally, these suggestions of the results will be distributed in the planning of the exhibit hall.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.453-456
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• 2005

Single or scattered sequential hamartomatous juvenile polyps are common in the large intestine, especially the rectosigmoid area, where they are usually nonfamilial. Juvenile polyps arising in the small inestine are very rare. Juvenile polyps are usually found in children aged between 1 and 10 years, the majority of cases are between 2 and 4 years of age. Bleeding is the most common symptom, but some children may suffer from autoamputation or prolapse through the anus, and rare cases are presented as intussusception. Approximately six cases of juvenile polyps in the small bowel have been reported. Jejunal intussusception arising from juvenile polyp is uncommon in comparison with the ileocolic form. It has an atypical subacute presentation. It must be better understood for its diagnosis can be made too late. Surgical exploration is the treatment of choice because of the recurrence of various clinical symptoms. We report a case of single juvenile polyp of jejunum found in a 10-year-old girl who presented with signs of intussusception.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.50 no.6
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• pp.585-587
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• 2007

Peroneal neuropathy presenting at birth is a rare disorder. Although neonatal mononeuropathies may be related to obstetrical complications, prenatal mechanisms should be also considered. We describe an infant who was born at term by cesarean section due to breech presentation with a unilateral footdrop. Lack of compound muscle action potential in the peroneal nerve and denervation potentials confined to the tibialis anterior and the extensor hallucis longus muscles in the electrophysiological studies on the fourth day of life strongly suggest an isolated peroneal neuropathy of intrauterine onset. Early and sequential electrodiagnostic studies will be important to provide better temporal and pathophysiologic definitions, the better timing of onset and prognosis for mononeuropathies presenting in newborn infants.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.924-936
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• 2008

The purpose of this thesis is to discuss corsets that represent an undergarment that later became a popular outerwear. It discusses its forms and distinct characteristics to help create a unique fashion design and its execution. The scope of this study is limited to works from the 1990s to the present, and the materials for the literatures and exploratory study are fashion-related portfolios and the domestic and foreign fashion magazines. The results of this study are summarized as follows: The standard look of corsets in modern fashion can be classified into styles of glamour, revival, and dismantle. The materials used vary from traditional fabrics such as satin or lace to newly developed materials such as metal or glass. Its presentation can also differ in that it may be used as an accessory with additional details, as an outerwear, as an extra decorative layer, or as a revealing innerwear by open outerwear. Characteristics of these various looks of corsets are; first, it redefines the revival of the traditional corsets through introduction of its historic elements and its compromise. Second, glamorous and feminine images are maximized through drastic and direct exposure by using tight lacing, a waist nipper or garter belts that emphasize a woman's curve. Third, it represents borderless dismantlement through experimental and irregular images using unconventional materials, new execution techniques, or alteration from the standard forms.