• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.383-390
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• 2013

After forming a institutional framework with specified in Maritime Safety Law(ex. Maritime Traffic Safety Law) on May 27th, 2009, The efforts for improving 'Maritime Traffic Safety Assessment Scheme(MTSA scheme)' have continued to the present. But there's no review with the comprehensive and systematic approach for proceeding acceleration step of MTSA scheme. At this point, this study analyzed current status and derived improvement measures using by 'PIP'OU model' which was designed for the comprehensive analysis in accordance with metaevaluation theory, like as question investigation and etc. Consequently, it mainly needs to improve 'Assessment Plan' domain and minimized the difference in views between concerned parties. This study is expected to be used to develop systematic maritime policy by proposing the order of priority in improvement matters.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.10C no.6
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• pp.779-786
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• 2003

We propose a correction security framework as next generation security technology to provide secure and reliable Internet services. The framework guarantees durability of the services in spite of external attack, intrusion, vulnerability for fault tolerance, and network management technology that covers the set of techniques aimed at providing rapid service recovery. The improvement technology includes system itself improvement and synamic improvement preventing faults from being re-activated, in cooperation with other systems such as vulnerability anaysis system, NMS, ESM. It is expected that our framework will be applied to global networks as well as system alone, and be able to guarantee the network survivability and reliable Internet services.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.17 no.3 s.68
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• pp.225-233
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• 2007

Because of Norwegian topography as valleys and fjords, a large number of tunnels has been built and 59 of them have been excavated by TBM for last 30 years. Prognosis technology has been developed and improved through lots of TBM experiences, and the NTNU prediction model has been completed. This paper focuses the improvement of net penetration rate and advance rate in 14 Norwegian and 4 Koran TBM tunnelling sites of which data were reported. Through this period, net penetration rate as well as advance rate were increased to double with the improvement of disc cutter size and cutter arrangement in Norway. These rates in Korea were also increased for 15 years even though the rates were lower compared to Norwegian. It is estimated that these low rates were mainly caused by using disc cutters less than 17 inch diameter. It is expected that net penetration rate and advance rate can be increased by improvement of machine and tunnelling technology, especially by using 17 or 19 inch of the disc cutter size in the Korean full face mechanical tunnelling site.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.239-243
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• 1999

At Present, 200mm wafer technology is being applied for commercial fabrications of 64, 128, and 256 M DRAM devices, and 300mm technology will be evolved for 1G DRAM devices in the early 21th century, recognizing limitations of several process technologies. In particular recognition has been realized in harmful effects of surface contamination of trace metals introduced during devicing processes. Such a guide line for surface metal contamination has been proposed as 1E9 and 1E10 atoms/$\textrm{cm}^2$ of individual metal contamination for wafering and devicing of 1G DRAM, respectively, and so its measurement limit should be at least 1E8 atoms/$\textrm{cm}^2$. The detection limit of present measurement systems is 2E9 atoms/$\textrm{cm}^2$ obtainable with TRXFA(Total Reflection X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis). TRXFA is nondestructive and the simplest in terms of operation, and it maps the whole wafer surfaces but needs detection improvement. X-Ray intensity produced with synchrotron accelerator is much higher than that of conventional X-ray sources by order of 4-5 magnitudes. Hence theoretically its reactivity with silicon surfaces is expected to be much higher than the conventional one, realizing improvement of detection limit. X-ray produced with synchrotron accelerator is illuminated at a very low angle with silicon wafer surfaces such as 0.1 degree and reflects totally. Hence informations only from surface can be collected and utilized without overlapping with bulk informations. This study shows the total reflection phenomenon and quantitative improvement of detection limit for metallic contamination. It is confirmed that synchrotron X-ray can be a very promising alternative for realizing improvement of detection limit for the next generation devices.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.8-15
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• 2021

This study was conducted with the purpose of exploring the dilemma and improvement strategies for the integrated management of extracurricular education programs at Duksung Women's University. The research method was finally composed of a procedure with a meeting of experts based on the procedure of collecting and analyzing the previous research literature. As for the contents of the study, the dilemma of the integrated management of the extracurricular education program at Duksung Women's University was presented first. Examples of dilemmas include difficulties in organizing and operating programs from the perspective of a roadmap customized for each grade level, difficulties in establishing a foundation for balanced mapping of core competencies and cultivating programs, difficulties in managing the performance of regular program monitoring and feedback improvement, and activating the linkage system between subjects and extracurricular education programs difficulties and difficulties in establishing a support system for the operation of the extracurricular education integrated management system were reflected. In addition, a strategy to complement and improve this dilemma was presented in a linkage. As a result of the study, the integrated management dilemma of Duksung Women's University's extracurricular education programs needs to be resolved in the long term through formal infrastructure such as external expert advice and expert exchange, and the development and use of related manuals should be considered aspects were analyzed. In addition, the content of this study was analyzed not only in the educational case of Duksung Women's University, but also in that it deals with cases that can be usefully referenced in most universities that develop and operate extracurricular education programs. Finally, this study presents an evidence-based practices that can be referenced in promoting the integrated management of extracurricular education programs in university sites, and the position and identity of extracurricular education throughout the university curriculum. It is judged that the significance and expected effect of the study can be obtained in that it provides an opportunity to improve from the management point of view.

• Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.103-109
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• 2018

Aspergillus luchuensis 34-1 was inoculated into wheat pellets with different conditions of raw materials to produce nuruk. The degree of substrate reactivity improvement of steam treated raw materials compared with that of non-heat treated was analyzed. The water content of the pellet was adjusted to 25% and 35%, and steam treatment for 10 minutes improved the substrate reactivity at 2.1-fold and 3.1-fold, and sterilization was also possible. The characteristics of improvement pellet nuruk were investigated according to the degree of crushing and water content of raw materials according to the temperatures and humidities ($23^{\circ}C$, $30^{\circ}C$ and RH 60%, RH 80%). The pH of the pellet nuruk was higher depending on the temperature, humidity and moisture content of the koji were lower, and the pH of the flour-pellet nuruk was lower than that of 2 mm milling wheat-pellet nuruk according to milling degree. It can be seen that the milling degree affects the growth of mold. The acidity and amino acid were generally higher as fermentation time increased. Also, the higher the incubation temperature, humidity and moisture content, the higher the value. Glucoamylase activity was significantly the highest in moisture content 35% D2b nuruk, cultured at $30^{\circ}C$ and 80% RH for 38 hours. This is higher than the previous reports on glucoamylase of rice-koji or commercial nuruk using fungi isolated from traditional nuruk. From these study, it is expected that making of improvement pellet nuruk would save the fermentation time considerably compared with traditional nuruks.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.485-493
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• 2019

Objective: This study was undertaken to investigate the genetic characteristics of Berkshire (BS), Landrace (LR), and Yorkshire (YS) pig breeds raised in the Great Grandparents pig farms using the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) information. Methods: A total of 25,921 common SNP genotype markers in three pig breeds were used to estimate the expected heterozygosity ($H_E$), polymorphism information content, F-statistics ($F_{ST}$), linkage disequilibrium (LD) and effective population size ($N_e$). Results: The chromosome-wise distribution of $F_{ST}$ in BS, LR, and YS populations were within the range of 0-0.36, and the average $F_{ST}$ value was estimated to be $0.07{\pm}0.06$. This result indicated some level of genetic segregation. An average LD ($r^2$) for the BS, LR, and YS breeds was estimated to be approximately 0.41. This study also found an average $N_e$ of 19.9 (BS), 31.4 (LR), and 34.1 (YS) over the last 5th generations. The effective population size for the BS, LR, and YS breeds decreased at a consistent rate from 50th to 10th generations ago. With a relatively faster $N_e$ decline rate in the past 10th generations, there exists possible evidence for intensive selection practices in pigs in the recent past. Conclusion: To develop customized chips for the genomic selection of various breeds, it is important to select and utilize SNP based on the genetic characteristics of each breed. Since the improvement efficiency of breed pigs increases sharply by the population size, it is important to increase test units for the improvement and it is desirable to establish the pig improvement network system to expand the unit of breed pig improvement through the genetic connection among breed pig farms.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.1-9
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• 2021

Deep learning in computer vision has made accelerated improvement over a short period but large-scale learning data and computing power are still essential that required time-consuming trial and error tasks are involved to derive an optimal network model. In this study, we propose a similar image classification performance improvement method based on CR (Confusion Rate) that considers only the characteristics of the data itself regardless of network optimization or data reinforcement. The proposed method is a technique that improves the performance of the deep learning model by calculating the CRs for images in a dataset with similar characteristics and reflecting it in the weight of the Loss Function. Also, the CR-based recognition method is advantageous for image identification with high similarity because it enables image recognition in consideration of similarity between classes. As a result of applying the proposed method to the Resnet18 model, it showed a performance improvement of 0.22% in HanDB and 3.38% in Animal-10N. The proposed method is expected to be the basis for artificial intelligence research using noisy labeled data accompanying large-scale learning data.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.478-486
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• 2022

Purpose: Although the working environment is measured at the construction site, only a few noise and vibration that are typically exposed for each process are performed without measuring the working environment by segmenting the exposed harmful factors. Therefore, it is intended to find the harmfulness of silicon oxide dust, which is most exposed at construction sites, and the complementary points of improvement measures currently being implemented at construction sites. Method: The status was analyzed using the actual condition survey report issued by the Korea Occupational Health Corporation and the Korea Occupational Health Association and data from the work environment measurement institution, and compared and analyzed with the rules on work environment measurement of the Occupational Safety and Health Act. Result: The harmfulness of silicon oxide dust was identified and improvement measures were derived. Conclusion: It is expected that occupational diseases against silicon dust can be reduced if the harmfulness of silicon oxide dust at construction sites is derived and improvement measures are actively applied at the site.

• Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.41-46
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• 2023

Smart factory construction projects are continuously being carried out domestically and abroad. In particular, in times of increasing uncertainty, interest in smart factories is increasing to improve corporate productivity. Currently, the government-led smart factory construction project is continuously being promoted in Korea. The tangible results of this construction project are very positive in indicators such as productivity improvement, quality improvement, and cost reduction. On the other hand, various contents are revealed in the survey to identify operational difficulties after building a smart factory. In this study, we analyzed difficulties (problems) in operation after establishing the system shown in the survey conducted in 2017 and 2020, and derived improvement plans for them. If these improvement measures are implemented in the relevant process of the smart factory construction project, it is expected that the operational difficulties felt by companies will be reduced, and a system with higher satisfaction than before will be established.