• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.72-80
• /
• 2021

Based on the previous year's statistics, 37% of buildings in South Korea are aged over 30 years. As the number of the aging buildings increases, so does the need for maintenance. Building maintenance involves a significant number of works; the work of 'maintenance manager' accounting for the largest part. Currently, the maintenance history record is mostly in drawing or handwritten form which makes reviewing the data highly time consuming. Therefore, to improve the convenience of maintenance works and optimize historical data management, the existing maintenance process was analyzed. Problems were derived and a smart device-based automation model was established. In order to establish a smart device-based automation model, ① general flow of facility management process was analyzed and related articles were reviewed, ② current maintenance process was optimized, ③ functional block diagram of BIM Data, COBie Data, IoT, and AR-based automated maintenance management model was created, ④ a smart device-based automated maintenance management model was constructed, ⑤ finally, the above system was verified by testing the aforementioned model in the field site, evaluating the time required for the maintenance process and reviewing maintenance history data against the current one.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.100 no.3
• /
• pp.466-475
• /
• 2011

This study purposed to analyze the spatial pattern and the amount of carbon emission at the deforestation area based on the administrative and GIS data. The total size of deforestation area in last nine years (2000-2008) was about 649 ha, and it was occurred annually about 72 ha. The occurrence rate of deforestation per administrative area in Wonju was about 0.74%. It was 0.34% higher than that of Kwangwondo, and 0.06% less than that of National rate. On the other hand, the forms of deforestation by purpose were not related to the administrative district unit. The number of deforestation forms was highest at settlements. second most frequent form is other land. Grassland showed the lowest score. In addition, the deforestations were more occurred which is closed to the existing housing and building rather than roads. The number of deforestation was 1.2 times higher based on 300m. Seventy percent of deforestation was occurred which is less than 0.5 ha in size, and it increased to 91% when the size is less than 1ha. The total size of theoretical carbon emission based on deforestation area was estimated at 23,424 tc, and average annual carbon emission was estimated by 2,603 tc. Carbon emission per ha was 36.1 tC/ha. This study results will be useful to construct the greenhouse gas statistical verification system against the Post-2012 by GIS.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.100 no.4
• /
• pp.639-649
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study aimed to analyze factors on motives to tree burial and choice conditions to tree burial site in order to suggest policy direction for the desirable settlement of tree burial. For those purpose, this study performed questionnaire, targeting 522 visitors of funeral hall all around Korea. As the result, the factors of motives to tree burial were extracted as follows: funeral ceremony progressed along with trees, simplicity, memorial site's easy insurance, environmental friendliness and consideration toward descendants. The factors on choice conditions to tree burial sites were extracted as follows: beauty of natural scenery, emotional mood as a memorial site, convenience, stability and economic feasibility. Based on the results of factor analysis, this study suggested policies related to motives to tree burial as follows: develop various types of tree burial sites, develop a funeral ceremony suitable for tree burial, come into wide use of tree burial as a social welfare service, develop tree burial methods capable of many burials, and improve professionalism to manage tree burial system. In addition, this study proposed related choice conditions to tree burial sites as follows: establish natural forest scenery, convert existing graveyards into tree burial sites, select easily accessible places for tree burial sites, form tree burial sites as places for both rest and memory, and reduce using fee of tree burial site.

• Korean Journal of Labor Studies
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.177-211
• /
• 2013

The Chinese dual structure of employment('Shuangguizhi') has been retained through the Economic Reforms, and has been supported and reproduced by the system of division between rural and urban household registration. In the 2000s, efforts of the government to abolish the division appeared to be effective with the introduction of the 'Labor Contract Act'. However, the eclecticism of the Act and the outbreak of the global financial crisis in 2008 gave new momentum to the revival of the Chinese dual structure of employment by increasing the scale of labor dispatching. Labor dispatching in China has become a regular form of employment rather than an exceptional one. Labor dispatching reveals its Chinese characteristics against the particular background formed during the periods of state-owned-enterprise restructuring around 2000. The combined effects of the 'Labor Contract Act' and the global financial crisis brought about the effect of increase rather than control of labor dispatching, and gave a signal to enterprises to use various forms of labor dispatching including 'reverse directional labor dispatching' to lessen burdens and costs caused by the Act and the crisis. As labor dispatching strengthens or displaces the existing dual structure of employment, social groups which need more social protection tend to be much more excluded from the protection of the government and the society.

• Journal of Communication Design
• /
• v.64
• /
• pp.64-75
• /
• 2018

Luxury fashion brands, which have dominated the market of high-priced apparel, bags and shoes, are recently showing changes of stepping into the cosmetics market. The purpose of this study is to examine how luxury fashion brand identity is transferred to cosmetic brand while expanding into luxury cosmetic brand, and to analyze the plastic signs of cosmetic package design and to analyze visual identity through a semi-symbolic system. Therefore, in this study, we tried to analyze the visual semiotic analysis of the package design such as the cushion compact, the lip tint and the brand logo which appeared in the popular product line of the fashion luxury brand such as Yves Saint Laurent and Armani. As a result of the analysis, this study has identified the semantic qualities expressed by each plastic element through the visual semiotic analysis process of the cosmetic package of Yves Saint Laurent and Giorgio Armani. These traits were found to be used as visual signs to reveal the 'Classicism' identity pursued by Yves Saint Laurent and the 'Baroque' identity pursued by Armani. Based on the results of this study, this study finds that the brand identity as a fashion brand is not transferring to the visual identity of cosmetic brands in the case of Yves Saint Laurent. On the other hand, this study found that Armani uses visual communication strategies to effectively transfer the brand identity as a fashion brand to the visual identity of cosmetic brands. On these two different results, it is necessary to examine whether luxury fashion brands and also Korean fashion brands are expanding into the cosmetics market and how they can better grasp the existing brand identity and apply it to the communication strategies of cosmetics brands.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.21 no.6
• /
• pp.104-112
• /
• 2021

In this study, emotional analysis was conducted based on the basic attribute data of music and the emotional model in psychology, and the result was applied to the visualization rules in the formative arts. In the existing studies using musical parameter, there were many cases with more practical purposes to classify, search, and recommend music for people. In this study, the focus was on enabling sound data to be used as a material for creating artworks and used for aesthetic expression. In order to study the music visualization as an art form, a method that can include human emotions should be designed, which is the characteristics of the arts itself. Therefore, a well-structured basic classification of musical attributes and a classification system on emotions were provided. Also, through the shape, color, and animation of the visual elements, the visualization of the musical elements was performed by reflecting the subdivided input parameters based on emotions. This study can be used as basic data for artists who explore a field of music visualization, and the analysis method and work results for matching emotion-based music components and visualizations will be the basis for automated visualization by artificial intelligence in the future.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2021

The concrete deck slab at the continuous span support of the steel box girder bridge is a structure that is combined with the upper flange. It is a structure that can cause tension cracks in the deck slab at the support causing problems such as durability degradation in long span bridges. This is because the tensile stress in the longitudinal direction of the slab exceeds the design tensile strength due to the effects of dead load and live load when applying a long span. Accordingly, it is necessary to control tensile cracking by adding a reinforcing bar in the axial direction to the slab at the support and to introduce additional compressive stress. To solve this problem, a structural system of a steel box girder bridge was proposed that introduces compressive stress as PS steel wire tension in the tensile stress section of the upper slab in the continuous support. The resulting structural performance was compared and verified through the finite element analysis and the steel wire tension test of the actual specimen. By introducing compressive stress that can control the tensile stress and cracking of the slab generated in the negative moment through the tension of the PS steel wire, it is possible to improve structural safety and strengthen durability compared to the existing steel box girder bridge.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.13-20
• /
• 2020

In shipyards, internal materials are assembled after designing and manufacturing each ship's block. Internal material assembly means the installation of parts and equipment except ship's body. In this process, if the assembly of pipes and equipment existing in the block is not done correctly during the assembly between blocks, this causes a lot of costs. In addition, even if the assembly of the internal materials already completed, the production efficiency of the ship is reduced due to rework when problems such as space arrangement of the internal materials occurs. Therefore, this study introduces space arrangement and inspection system before and after hull outfitting work based on coexistence reality technology using 3D design drawing to solve these problems. The various coexistence reality algorithms and inspection systems developed and introduced in this study are based on AR service, which has never been introduced in Korea. So it will be widely applicable to various manufacturing industries using design drawings such as automobiles and architectures as well as ship building process.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.59-70
• /
• 2021

With the recent advancements in the Internet of Things, context-aware system that provides customized services become important to consider. The existing context-aware systems analyze data generated around the user and abstract the context information that expresses the state of situations. However, these datasets is mostly unstructured and have difficulty in processing with simple approaches. Therefore, providing context-aware services using the datasets should be managed in simplified method. One of examples that should be considered as the unstructured datasets is a deep learning application. Processes in deep learning applications have a strong coupling in a way of abstracting dataset from the acquisition to analysis phases, it has less flexible when the target analysis model or applications are modified in functional scalability. Therefore, an abstraction model that separates the phases and process the unstructured dataset for analysis is proposed. The proposed abstraction utilizes a description name Analysis Model Description Language(AMDL) to deploy the analysis phases by each fat client is a specifically designed instance for resource-oriented tasks in edge computing environments how to handle different analysis applications and its factors using the AMDL and Fat client profiles. The experiment shows functional scalability through examples of AMDL and Fat client profiles targeting a vehicle image recognition model for vehicle access control notification service, and conducts process-by-process monitoring for collection-preprocessing-analysis of unstructured data.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
• /
• v.54 no.1
• /
• pp.1-11
• /
• 2021

Porous dendrite structure AuCu alloy was formed using a hydrogen bubble template (HBT) technique by electroplating to improve the catalytic performance of gold, known as an excellent oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalyst in alkaline medium. The rich Au surface was maximized by selectively electrochemical etching Cu on the AuCu dendrite surface well formed in a leaf shape. The catalytic activity is mainly due to the synergistic effect of Au and Cu existing on the surface and inside of the particle. Au helps desorption of OH- and Cu contributes to the activation of O2 molecule. Therefore, the porous AuCu dendrite alloy catalyst showed markedly improved catalytic activity compared to the monometallic system. The porous structure AuCu formed by the hydrogen bubble template was able to control the size of the pores according to the formation time and applied current. In addition, the Au-rich surface area increased by selectively removing Cu through electrochemical etching was measured using an electrochemical calculation method (ECSA). The results of this study suggest that the alloying of porous AuCu dendrites and selective Cu dissolution treatment induces an internal alloying effect and a large specific surface area to improve catalyst performance.