• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.187-194
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• 2002

Purpose: To evaluate the performance of the LOGICON Caries Detector using RVG-4 and RVG-ui sensors, by comparing results of each detector to the results of clinical and histological examinations. Materials and Methods : Pairs of extracted teeth were radiographed, and a total of 57 proximal surfaces, which included both carious and non-carious situations, were analyzed. The RVG-4 produced 8-bit images, while the RVG-ui unit produced 12-bit images, which were taken in the high sensitivity mode. The images produced by the LOGICON were evaluated by a trained observer using both automated and manual caries detection software modes. Ground sections of the teeth established the actual absence or existence of caries. Results: LOGIC ON-aided caries detection and depth discrimination of the RVG-4 and RVG-ui sensors were equally inconsistent irrespective of whether the LOGIC ON software was set to the automated or manual mode. Sensitivity ranged from 50% to 57% for caries penetration of the enamel-dentin junction. Conclusion: Care needs to be taken when using LOGIC ON in conjunction with RVG images as an adjunct for treatment planning dental caries. Even when applied by a trained observer, substantial discrepancies exist between the results of the LOGIC ON software-guided evalutations using RVG images and histologic examination.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.79-85
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• 2004

We developed an algorithm to identify and determine periods of variable sources. With its robustness and high speed, it is expected to become an useful tool for surveys with large volume of data. This new scheme consists of an initial coarse. process of finding several candidate periods followed by a secondary process of much finer period search. With this multi-step approach, best candidates among statistically possible periods are produced without human supervision and also without any prior assumption on the nature of the variable star in question. We tested our algorithm with 381 stars taken from the ASAS survey and the result is encouraging. In about $76\%$ cases, our results are nearly identical as their published periods. Our algorithm failed to provide convincing periods for only about $10\%$ cases. For the remaining $14\%$, our results significantly differ from their periods. We show that, in many of these cases, our periods are superior and much closer to the true periods. However, the existence of failures, and also periods sometimes worse than manually controlled results, indicates that this algorithm needs further improvement. Nevertheless, the present experiment shows that this is a positive step toward a fully automated period analysis for future variability surveys.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.113-122
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• 2007

Recently, the strategy of the age of limitless competition for existence of manufacturing company appears for the enhancement of productivity through the automatic system, the reduction for the cost for standardization and the decision making process for the information system. Especially the critical success factors in manufacturing company can be summarized for the establishment of production visibility through the production management, material & work-in-process management, the establish of the flexible manufacturing system for the changed order priority and the establish of the quality system for improvement of product and process quality. The existing production management systems supply only simple information about production results on real time, can delay quick decision making. And it can prevent acquiring the information about various customer needs and the communication problems with other systems. In this paper, it will show MES system, a solution for the problems of existing production management systems. And through a case study of D company, it will reveal improvement effect on shipment error using MES system and economic analysis for MES itself.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.364-375
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• 2012

This study investigates the effects of interior design elements on the satisfaction and preference for space. Field measurements and surveys were conducted in three coffeeshops where various interior design elements were applied. Results indicate that movable tables and chairs for two people were preferred in the space. They need to be placed flexibly according to the visitors' needs to improve satisfaction for convenience. To improve spatial satisfaction, the brightness of color applied to wall surfaces was recommended to be lower than that of color used for floor surfaces. The surfaces of space and interior design elements such as furniture also need to be kept clean. Lamps with lower color temperature were effective to enhance spatial satisfaction. Light sources should be shielded when a pendant lighting system with general diffuse type was used in space. Natural daylight through window was also required for better satisfaction level. Multiple linear regression implied that the cozy feeling by electric light, existence of daylight, flexible layouts for tables and chairs, color and quality of material for tables and floor were significant contributors to overall spatial satisfaction.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.177-184
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• 2001

C3M(chemical mechanical micro machining) is applied for diminishing the size of burr and fabricating the massless patterning for aluminium wafer(thickness of 1${\mu}m$). It is difficult to perform the micro size machining with the radically increased shear stress. While the miniaturization and function-orientation of parts has been needed in the many field such as electronics, optics and medicine. etc., it is not enough to satisfy the industry needs in the machining technology. In this paper feasibility test of diminishing burr and fabricating maskless pattern was experimented and analyzed. In the experiment oxide layer was farmed on the aluminium with chemical reaction by ${HNO_3}$(10wt%), then the surface was grooved with tungsten carbide tool for the different condition such as the load and fred rate. The result was compared with the conventional machining to show the improvement of C3M with SEM for burr diminish and XPS for atomic existence, AFM for more precise image.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.113-121
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• 2001

The employee's are one of the most important parameters determining the success of orga as they have profound influence on the existence, growth and the development of an orga The importance of the workers in the credit unions prompted studies on the human re management. The credit unions are currently facing the impending needs not only to retain t also to help them grew in the organization, as their business prospects are becoming incr shaky. Therefore, this study was conducted to provide suggestion for a future research by estab human relations among the staff members in terms of factors affecting the quality of personal they provide centering on the influence caused by such factors. According1y this study presented the method to improve personal service provided b employees of the credit union by working out problem revealed by previous researches and more developed study results

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.95-106
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• 2021

Objectives : The purpose of this paper is to understand the meaning of Yangmingzhongfeng in the Shanghanlun. Methods :Each verse was analyzed, along with consideration of the general context of the Bianyangmingbingmaizhengbingzhi(辨陽明病脈證幷治) chapter where Yangmingzhongfeng is explained. The meaning of Yangmingzhongfeng was discussed with a focus on the intention underlying the contrast between Zhongfeng[中風] and Zhonghan[中寒] within the text. Results : In Yangming Disease, disease patterns that have mutated from other channels are differentiated as either Zhuanshu[轉屬, change of assignment] or Zhuanxi[轉繫, change of connection]. Zhuanshu refers to the situation where symptoms of the original pathological site has disappeared, therefore being assigned to Yangming. Zhuanxi refers to the before-and-after pathological sites being connected. The condition of Zhuanxi is further divided into Taiyin and Yangming, where Zhuanxi Yangming needs to be differentiated from Zhuanshu Yangming in that the cathartic method[下法] cannot be applied even with the existence of constipation, despite it being the indication for such treatment. Yangming Zhongfeng and Yangming Zhonghan are differentiated according to coldness and heat of Zhuanxi Yangming. Conclusions : Yangming Zhongfeng refers to the heat type of Zhuanxi Yangming where the person presents constipation whilst residing exterior pattern. Yangming Disease cannot be understood as having a uniform pattern of Weijiashi-constipation-Shengqitang, and its disease pattern requires a multi-dimensional approach.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.149-155
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• 2019

In this study, the multiplicity of synchronous online class discussion activity is explored at conceptual level. From the cultural-historical activity theory (CHAT), each utterance may be considered as a product of the activity system. Alderfer's ERG theory is employed as another theoretical framework for the study. Based on the subject's existence, relationship, growth needs, their class discussion activities constitute four different dimensions: physical/biological, cultural/institutional, social/relational, and cooperative knowledge construction. It is inherent in individual activities and has a different arrangement according to their interests and situations, and at the same time acts as a factor of cooperation and competition among the participants. Through this, collective discussion activities represent complex and dynamic development patterns.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.45-52
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• 2021

The capital structure is one of the hot financial topics among researchers and scholars. Its importance comes from the fact that capital structure is closely related to companies' ability to meet different stakeholders' needs. A suitable capital structure will boost the business and create a competitive advantage in the context of fierce competition. Many companies choose an optimal debt level based on the trade-off between interest and debt costs. This study aimed to test the existence of trade-off theory in capital structure, the case of Vietnam's real estate companies, which are growing very fast recently. Instead of considering constant optimal leverage to test the trade-off model, we take advantage of the dynamic capital structure determined by growth opportunities, profitability, tax incentives, tangibility, liquidity, and firm size. The dynamic panel data regression was estimated by the system Generalized Method of Moment (Sys-GMM). The empirical evidence showed that real estate companies listed in the Vietnamese stock market might change their leverage toward a target capital structure determined by influential factors in a long-term perspective. In particular, the debt-to-asset ratio will change by approximately 14 percent, positively, in response to the difference between the current debt-to-asset ratio and the dynamic target debt-to-asset ratio.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.763-769
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• 2021

The relationship between government size and unemployment is an important topic of study in economics. Large public expenditure has been blamed for causing higher unemployment contrary to the belief that it would help in reducing unemployment. More research on the topic, however, needs to be done as the available literature has been based largely on data from developed countries. The present paper examines the existence of the relationship in states of India by using panel data analysis. For more comprehensive study, public expenditure is divided into development, non-development, and aggregate expenditures, while the types of unemployment under consideration are usual status and current weekly status. Indeed, it has been observed that development and non-development expenditures increase both the types of unemployment though the impact of the latter is higher. The findings are important as it implies that a cut in expenditure can be an important fiscal tool to fight unemployment. It was further observed that unemployment was higher among states with a more educated population, which also suggests a revisiting of the education policy in the country. States ruled by left parties have higher unemployment rate. Higher income states as well as states with higher growth rate tend to have lower unemployment rate.