• 대한한의학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.76-84
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• 2016

Objectives: We evaluated the anti-fatigue effects of Rh2-enriched Korean ginseng (Ginseng Rh2+) using a forced exercise-induced chronic fatigue mouse model. Methods: ICR male mice were subjected to running wheel for 1 h, 5 days/week during 4 weeks, and running velocity was gradually increased. Each running session was followed by oral administration of distilled water, Ginseng Rh2+ (150 or 300 mg/kg), or N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC, 100 mg/kg) 1 h later. The exercise tolerance and forced swimming test were performed to evaluate the fatigue condition. Results: Chronic forced exercise reduced the physical activity, as evidenced by the behavioral tests, which were notably ameliorated by Ginseng Rh2+ treatment. Ginseng Rh2+ treatment also attenuated the alterations of energy metabolism and oxidative stress in skeletal muscle tissues and/or sera, including malondialdehyde (MDA), lactate concentration and its related factors (lactate dehydrogenase, blood urea nitrogen, and glucose levels). Conclusion: These findings strongly suggest that Ginseng Rh2+ exerts a potent anti-fatigue effect through modulation of energy metabolism and oxidative response.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.361-365
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• 2021

Stroke patients have reduced aerobic capacity. Therefore, intensive structured exercise programs are needed. We report the case of a patient with stroke and cardiac disease who underwent early inpatient cardiac rehabilitation (CR). A 38-year-old male patient with atrial fibrillation, heart failure, and cerebral infarction underwent a symptom-limited exercise tolerance test (ETT) without any problems on day 45 after admission. He completed a 2-week inpatient program and an 8-week home-based CR program. Follow-up ETT showed increased exercise capacity. The present case might be the first to report a safely performed CR program in a patient with stroke and cardiac comorbidity in Korea. Systematic guidance is needed for post-stroke patients to receive safe and effective CR for the secondary prevention of stroke and cardiovascular risk.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.55-64
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• 2016

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of air stacking exercise on lung capacity, activities of daily living, and walking ability in elderly adults. METHODS: A total of 27 subjects were randomly assigned to an experimental group (EG=13) or a control group (CG=14). Subjects in the experimental group participated in an active pulmonary rehabilitation program. 5 days a week for 4 weeks. The active pulmonary rehabilitation program was composed of an air stacking exercise with an oral nasal mask and manually assisted coughing. Conventional pulmonary rehabilitation exercises, such as, cough exercise, deep breathing, and abdominal muscle strengthening exercises were performed by both groups. Pulmonary function parameters, peak cough flow (PCF), and oxygen saturation were measured and the 6-minute walk test and Korean version of the modified Barthel index (K-MBI) scores were applied. RESULTS: Significant intergroup differences were observed for forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) results after intervention (p<.05), and for 6 minute walk test and PCF results after intervention and at 2-week follow-up visits (p<.05). Post hoc test results showed significant differences in K-MBI, 6-minute walk test, and FEV1 in the experimental group after intervention (p<.05). FVC values were significantly higher after intervention and at 2-week follow-up visits versus pre-intervention (p<.05). PCF values were also significantly higher after intervention and remained significantly higher at 2-week follow-up visits (p<.05). CONCLUSION: Air stacking exercise in elderly adults improves lung capacity and exercise tolerance.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.571-579
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• 2011

Objective: The purpose of this research is to provide exercise programs for the prevention of work related chronic back pain. Background: In order to prevent musculoskeletal disease, including proper medical care health promotion programs are needed. Method: This is a research of musculoskeletal disease looking at 618 workers working at a car engine manufacturing factory from April to July of 2008. Through questionnaire specific areas of musculoskeletal diseases experienced by the workers were identified and preventative exercise program for chronic low back pain was recommended. Result: Research showed that of the musculoskeletal disease experienced by the workers, 197 presented with low back pain, 171 presented with shoulder pain, 64 presented with neck pain and 44 presented with knee pain. The symptoms of low back pain included stiffness(143), twinge and burning sensation(24) and absence of sensation(19). Using this result 4 types of exercise programs were recommended for prevention of chronic low back pain. Conclusion: Preventative exercise programs recommended for the workers in this research is easily accessible for the workers. Use of the suggested exercise programs will inevitably decrease work related low back pain. Also 2 other recommendations were made: 1) Internal structural change may be necessary using ergonomics. 2) More exercise programs to be used to increase adaptation and tolerance of joints and muscles that are constantly used for repetitive work. Application: This study can be used to provide for the prevention of work-related Chronic Low Back pain.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.506-512
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• 2016

Bitter melon (Momordica charantia) is used in traditional herbal medicine in many Asian countries for the treatment of several diseases such as diabetes, eczema, night blindness, psoriasis, and rheumatism. Especially, most reports concerning the biological activities of bitter melon have focused on its effects on diabetes and hyperglycemia. Also, bitter melon is regarded as a longevity food, suggesting that it has several beneficial effects on anti-aging and the maintenance of a healthy state. Thus, we investigated whether bitter melon could increase the capacity of exercise in this study. Interestingly, bitter melon fruit extract activated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which is important for regulating glucose homeostasis, mitochondrial content and exercise capacity. In addition, bitter melon extract increased the expression of enzymes involved in fatty acid oxidation such as mitochondrial uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3), carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1b (CPT1b), and pyruvate dehydrogenase lipoamide kinase isozyme 4 (PDK4). Moreover, exercise tolerance was much more enhanced in bitter melon treated animals compared to the non-treated control group. These results suggest that bitter melon is a promising candidate for the development of functional foods beneficial for physical strength and the enhancement of exercise capacity.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2008

이 연구는 지구성 운동과 셀레니움 투여가 Coto-Kakizaki 쥐의 젖산수송 능력에 독립적으로 혹은 상호작용하여 영향을 미치는가를 구명하는데 그 목적이 있다. 실험동물들의 집단은 비교집단(n=10, SED), 지구성 운동집단(n=10, EXER), 셀레니움 투여집단(n=10, SELE)과 지구성 운동과 셀레니움 투여 병행 집단(n=10, COMBI)으로 분류하여 6주간 실험을 실시하였다. 6주간 실험 처치 후 체중은 비교집단에 비해 지구성 운동집단, 셀레니움 투여집단과 지구성 운동과 셀레니움 투여 병행 집단이 현저하게 감소하였으며 당 부하검사를 실시한 결과에서도 비교집단에 비해 지구성 운동집단, 셀레니움 투여집단과 지구성 운동과 셀레니움 투여 병행 집단이 90분과 120분 사이에서 혈당 수준이 유의한 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 간 글리코겐 수준은 비교집단과 셀레니움 투여집단에 비해 지구성 운동집단과 지구성 운동과 셀레니움 투여 병행 집단이 유의하게 높은 것으로 나타났다. 가자미근과 족저근의 글리코겐 수준도 비교집단과 셀레니움 투여집단에 비해 지구성 운동집단과 지구성 운동과 셀레니움 투여 병행 집단이 현저하게 높은 것으로 나타났다. 혈액 생화학 성분의 경우, 지구성 운동집단, 셀레니움 투여집단과 지구성 운동과 셀레니움 투여 병행 집단이 비교집단에 비해 고밀도 지단백 수준 증가와 함께 혈장 젖산, 혈청 중성지방, 인슐린, 총 콜레스테롤과 HOMA-IR 수준이 현저하게 감소한 것으로 나타났다. 특히 혈청 중성지방 수준은 지구성 운동집단과 지구성 운동과 셀레니움 투여 병행 집단이 셀레니움 투여집단에 비해 유의하게 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 이 연구에 가장 중요한 결과는 혈당과 젖산 수송과 관련된 단백질 발현 수준이 6주간의 실험처치 후에 지구성 운동집단, 셀레니움 투여집단과 지구성 운동과 셀레니움 투여 병행 집단이 비교집단에 비해 가자미근의 MCT1과 미토콘드리아 MCT1 단백질 발현수준이 현저하게 증가하였다는 결과와 함께 가자미근과 족저근의 MCT4 단백질 발현 수준도 지구성 운동집단, 셀레니움 투여집단과 지구성 운동과 셀레니움 투여 병행 집단이 비교집단에 비해 현저하게 증가하였다는 결과이다. 이러한 결과를 근거로 볼 때 지구성 운동과 셀레니움 투여는 독립적으로 혹은 상호작용하여 혈당과 젖산수송 능력을 개선시키는데 도움이 된다는 것을 알 수 있으며 특히 인슐린 저항 특성과 함께 고젖산혈증을 나타내는 제 II형 당뇨 환자들의 당뇨 처치를 위한 방법으로 활용할 만한 가치가 있는 것으로 생각된다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제68권3호
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• pp.125-139
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• 2010

Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) frequently complain of dyspnea on exertion and reduced exercise capacity, which has been attributed to an increase in the work of breathing and in impaired of gas exchange. Although COPD primarily affects the pulmonary system, patients with COPD exhibit significant systemic manifestations of disease progression. These manifestations include weight loss, nutritional abnormalities, skeletal muscle dysfunction (SMD), cardiovascular problems, and psychosocial complications. It has been documented that SMD significantly contributes to a reduced exercise capacity in patients with COPD. Ventilatory and limb muscle in these patients show structural and functional alteration, which are influenced by several factors, including physical inactivity, hypoxia, smoking, aging, corticosteroid, malnutrition, systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and ubiquitin-proteasome pathway activation. This article summarizes briefly the evidence and the clinical consequences of SMD in patients with COPD. In addition, it reviews contributing factors and therapeutic strategies.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.1040-1050
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• 1997

연구배경 : 만성폐쇄성폐질환 환자의 치료에 널리 적용되고 호흡재활치료는 폐기능을 호전시키지는 못하지만 호흡곤란 등의 증상과 운동능력을 호전시키는 것으로 알려져 있다. 그러나 이런 운동능력 개선의 기전은 여러 각도에서 해석되고 있다. 저자들은 $^{31}P$ MRS를 이용하여 만성 폐질환 환자들을 호흡재활치료 전후 전박근의 대사 변화를 관찰함으로써, 호흡재활치료 후 운동능력호전에 골격근 대사개선을 기여할 가능성을 조사하였다. 방 법 : 총 9명의 만성 폐질환을 갖고 있는 남자 환지들을 대상으로 하였고 이들의 평균 연령은 $58{\pm}11$세였으며, 이들의 기저 질환은 만성폐쇄성폐질환 8예 및 폐유육종증 1예였다. 호흡재활치료는 근육강화운동, 답차운동(treadmill walking), 자전거 운동(stationary bicycle riding) 및 상지 운동력측정계(arm ergometer)를 이용한 상지운동으로 구성했으며, 호흡재활치료 전후로 폐기능 검사, 운동부하 검사, 상하지의 지구력 측정 및 6분 보행거리 검사를 실시하였다. $^{31}P$ MRS검사를 치료 전후 전박근을 대상으로 안정시, 운동시 및 20분간의 회복시에 시행하여 세포내 산소성 인산화 능력을 반영하는 Pi/PCr의 비와 pHi(intracellular pH)를 구하여 비교하였다. 결 과 : 호흡재활치료 후 환자의 폐기능과 가스 교환의 호전은 없었으나, 운동지구력 및 보행능력은 현저한 호전을 보였으며 최대산소섭취량은 증가하는 경향을 보였고, 동 운동량에서의 분당환기량은 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. $^{31}P$ MRS를 이용하여 재활치료 전후의 골격근 대사를 비교해 본 결과, 치료 후 운동시 및 극심한 피로상태에서의 pHi는 유의하게 높았고 산소성 인산화 과정을 반영하는 지표인 Pi/PCr는 감소하는 경향을 보였으나 안정시 및 회복기의 골격근 대사과정은 변화가 없었다. 결 론 : 이상으로 만성 폐질환 환자에서 6주간의 호흡재활치료는 운동지구력 및 보행 호전시켰으며 이러한 운동능력 호전에는 골격근 대사의 개선으로 초래된 골격근 세포내의 산성화 지연으로 인한 환기량의 감소가 기여할 사료되었다.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.99-106
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• 2021

PURPOSE: This study aimed to provide supporting data for the clinical use of breathing exercise with a WBV stimulation as a sustained and safe intervention program, by examining the effect of breathing exercise with WBV stimulation on the pulmonary function, gait ability, and life quality in patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), who have difficulty performing exercise. METHODS: For this study, after collecting the samples from 20 patients with severe COPD, they were placed randomly in an experimental group to perform breathing exercises with a WBV stimulation (n = 10) and a control group to perform breathing exercises only (n=10). Before the intervention, pulmonary function, six-minute gait distance, and health-related life quality were measured as pre-tests. After applying the intervention program to the patients for 30 minutes once a day, for four days a week, for six weeks, the post-test items were remeasured in the same way as the pre-tests, and the results were analyzed. RESULTS: In the within-group comparison, both the experimental and control groups showed significant differences in the forced expiratory volume in one second, six-minute gait distance, and health-related life quality (p < .01) (p < .05). In the intergroup comparison, there were significant differences in the forced expiratory volume in one second and the six-minute gait distance (p < .05). CONCLUSION: WBV stimulation was more effective for the patients by improving the muscular strength and muscular endurance through the reflexive contraction of muscles, and increasing the exercise tolerance. This result could serve as an alternative means to clinically improve the physical function of patients with severe COPD, who have difficulty performing breathing exercises in the future.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.59-67
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• 2000

The objective of this study was to investigate nutritional status of middle aged Korean men exhibiting impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and identify the risk factors related to IGT Data were collected from 163 men with a fasting blood glucose level from 115 to 139mg/dl(high blood glucose group: HBG) and 170 men with a normal fasting blood glucose level(control) aged from 40 to 59 years in both groups. Weight, body mass index(BMI) and percent body fat were significantly higher in high blood glucose(HBG) group than those of control group. Age, weight, BMI, percent body fat were positively related to blood glucose. There were no differences in exercise, smoking and family history of diabetes between two groups. Frequency of fat eating and overeating of HBG were higher than those of control group but frequency of sweet snacks intake of HBG was lower than that of control group. There was no difference in daily total energy intake in two groups. Total and supper energy intakes were positively associated with blood glucose. Percent energy intake of alcohol was significantly higher in HBG group and positively related to blood glucose, however there were no difference in daily intake of nutrients in two groups. Alcohol intake was positively related to BMI, but after adjusting BMI, there was no correlation between alcohol intake and blood glucose. Serum total cholesterol and triglyceride were significantly higher in HBG group than those of control group. Serum total cholesterol i,nd triglyceride were positively related to blood glucose and high density lipoprotein cholesterol was negatively associated with blood glucose. After adjusting BMI, serum triglyceride was positively related to blood glucose. In conclusion, weight, BMI, percent body fat and blood total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride levels were positively related to blood glucose level of middle aged Korean men exhibiting impaired glucose tolerance. Their eating habits exhibited higher frequency of overeating, fast eating, high energy intakes of supper. (Korean J Nutrition 33(1) : 59-67, 2000)