• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.57-61
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of active foot arch support on the muscles of lower extremity electromyographic activity during squat exercise in persons with pronated foot. Methods: The study subjects were 16 persons with pronated foot. They have no history of surgery in lower extremity and trunk and limitation of range of motion or pain when performing squat exercise. Each subject was measured the navicular drop (ND) to determine the pronated foot. And then the subjects were asked to perform three repetitions of a $90^{\circ}$ knee flexion squat in both conditions which are 1) preferred squat and 2) squat with active foot arch support. Results: Paired t-test revealed that squat with active foot arch support produced significantly greater EMG activities in abductor hallucis (p=0.00), proneus longus (p=0.03) and gluteus medius (p=0.04) than preferred squat. But the EMG activities of tibialis anterior, vastus medialis oblique and vastus lateralis were not showed significantly different between the both squat conditions. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that active foot arch support during squat increase the activities of lower extremity muscles which are the abductor hallucis, proneus longus and gluteus medius. Also, the abductor hallucis which is one of the planter intrinsic muscle and peroneus longus play a role in support of the foot arch and active foot arch support induced the increase of the activity of gluteus medius. Therefore active foot arch support can change the lower extremity biomechanics as well as passive foot support such as foot orthotics and taping.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.73-85
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• 2003

The purpose of the present study was to the investigate the effect of sports massage, kaltenborn-evjenth orthopedic manipulative therapy and electrical therapy, general exercise on the limitation of range of motion(ROM) and on the pain(VAS) in patients with frozen shoulder. Fiftheen frozen shoulder patients between 50 and 60 years of age(females) were selected and were divided equally by random distribution into A group(sports massage, kaltenborn-evjenth orthopedic manipulative therapy, N=7)and B(electrical therapy, general exercise therapy, N=7) group. The results obtained were as follows : 1) The range of motion between two groups are significantly different in the treatment times, the ROM of A group increase in after-treatment(2 week 4 week) in comparison with ROM in before-treatment, it is significant increase. And it is significant difference in B group. 2) The pain level between two groups are not significantly different in the treatment times, the pain level of A group decrease in after-treatment(2 week, 4 week) in comparison with before-treatment, it is significant decrease. And it is significant difference in B group. Although the pain level of the A group decrease in after 2 week treatment in comparison with before-treatment but it is not significant decrease. Although the pain level of the B group decrease in after 4 week treatment in comparison with after 2 week treatment, but it is not significant decrease. 3) The A group is more effective in increasing the ROM and decreasing the pain level than B group during treatment times. The results showed that both A group method and B group method are effective ROM increase and pain reduce, but A group method is superior to B group method in ROM increase and pain reduce.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제2권5호
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• pp.416-422
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• 2000

In this study, to find out the physiological reaction of the human body and the sensation of comfort when people are wearing sportswear which is made of waterproof breathable fabrics under general environmental conditions (temperature : $20{\pm}1^{\circ}C$, humidity : $60{\pm}5%RH$, air current : 0.1 m/sec) and rainy environmental conditions (temperature : $20{\pm}1^{\circ}C$, humidity : $60{\pm}5%RH$, air current : 0.1 m/sec, rainfall : 250 1/hr), we made an experiment with sportswear in an artificial climate chamber and studied the thermal physiological response and subjective sensation. Mean skin temperature of the subjects was low and had a big range of fluctuation in rainy environmental conditions of two condition. Temperature started to increase at the beginning of the exercise, reached the maximum at the 2nd level of the exercise and then started to decline. Rectal temperature showed a slighter increase and bigger range of fluctuation in general conditions than in rainy conditions. Except clothing micro climate in rainy conditions, temperature and humidity and their range of fluctuation around back were higher than those around chest. Humidity was high and had wide range of fluctuation in general conditions. Heart rate was 4.4 beats/min higher in general conditions. In subjective test on rainy conditions, the feeling of discomfort increased due to the raindrops fallen on the skin. Unlike that in general conditions, cold sensation increased and humidity sensation reached to the peak after the exercise. In wearing sportswear made of shape memory breathable waterproof fabric, controlling function over a small amount of heat and water was distinctive while it turned out to be not so comfortable over a large amount of heat and water. Through this, the limitation of shape memory breathable waterproof fabric was recognised.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.317-332
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• 2018

Purpose: Patients with tibial fractures can have functional problems with balance and gait, as well as lower extremity muscle weakness. This case report aimed to describe the effect of hip joint strengthening exercises using proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) on balance and gait and lower limb function in a patient with tibia fracture. Methods: One patient diagnosed with tibial fracture was treated for seven weeks with the basic procedure, pattern, and technique of PNF for a hip joint strengthening exercise. Results: The results of pre- and post-intervention treatment showed improvements in physical function and structure in the clinical tests, including the manual strength test; the modified Ashworth scale; sensory evaluation; balance, sit-to-stand, and gait performance; and evaluation of lower limb function. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it is suggested that the use of theory-based proprioceptive neuromuscular stimulation for hip joint strengthening exercises positively affects patients' functional improvement in tibial fracture patients, and this may be used as a therapeutic exercise method for those with orthopedic problems in the lower extremities. One limitation of this study was that it was performed on only one tibia fracture patient, which makes it difficult to extend the treatment effects to all patients with this condition.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.227-234
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• 2019

본 연구의 대상은 만 65세 이상 경증치매 여성 노인이며, 실험군 10명, 통제군 7명으로 1주 3회 1일 50분의 유산소운동프로그램 참여가 연구대상자의 치매관련인자 및 인지기능에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 분석한 결과는 아래와 같다. 운동프로그램 실시 유무에 따른 집단 간 DHEA-s의 변화는 두 집단간 유의한 차이(p<.05)가 나타났지만, 시기${\times}$집단의 상호작용 효과에서는 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 인지기능은 그룹, 시기, 시기${\times}$집단의 상호작용 효과 모두 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 이상의 내용을 종합해 보면 본 연구에서 활용된 운동프로그램은 경증치매 여성 노인의 치매관련 인자 및 인지기능 변화에 의미있는 효과를 나타내지 못했음을 알 수 있다. 이와 같은 결과는 후속연구를 통해 자세히 다시 알아볼 필요성이 있지만, 본 연구의 제한점이었던 연구대상자들의 일상생활(식생활)에 대한 통제의 부재가 가장 큰 원인일 것으로 사료된다. 이에 더 나아가 본 연구의 결과를 토대로 다양한 계층에서 치매관련 인자 및 인지기능의 질적 개선을 위한 연구의 기초 자료로 활용되기를 기대한다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.42-51
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• 2001

연구배경 : 심폐운동검사를 호흡곤란이나 운동제한의 주원인 감별을 위한 진단적 목적으로 이용시, 사용한 진단 알고리즘과 운동방법에 따른 분석결과에 차이가 있는지를 알아보고, 차이가 있다면 그 원인은 무엇인지 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법 : 안정시 폐기능검사상 이상이 있는 만성폐질환자 66명, 운동시 호흡곤란을 호소하나 안정시 폐기능검사상 이상이 없는 환자 48명을 대상으로 자전거를 이용하여 증상 제한적 최대운동을 시행하고 Wasserman 등과 Eschenbacher 등이 제안한 진단 알고리즘을 이용 하여 분석하여 그 결과를 비교하였고, 건강한 의과대 32명을 대상으로 자전거와 답차를 이용하여 증상 제한적 최대운동을 시행한 후 Eschenbacher 등이 제안한 진단 알고리즘으로 분석후 운동방법에 따른 분석결과의 차이를 비교하였다. 연구결과 : 1) 호흡곤란을 주증상으로 호소하고 안정시 폐기능 검사상 미국흉부학회 기준에 부합하는 폐기능손상을 보이는 환자중 최근 2개월이내에 증상이 악화되지 않은 환자 66명을 대상으로 증상제한적 최대운동후 Wasserman 방식과 Eschenbacher 방식으로 해석후 비교하여 보았을 때 42명에서 일치하여 63.6%의 일치율을 보였다. 폐기능검사소견에 따라 구분하여 보면, 폐쇄성장애를 보인 경우는 43명중 30명으로 69.8%, 제한성장애를 보인 경우 8명중 2명으로 25%, 혼합성장애를 보인 경우 15명 중 10명으로 66.7%의 일치율을 보였다. 2) 임상적으로 심장질환은 의심되지 않으나 활동시 호흡곤란을 호소하고, 안정시 폐활량측정에서 정상소견을 보이는 48명을 대상으로 자전거를 이용한 운동 후 두 방식으로 분석 비교하였을 때 30명에서 일치하여 일치율은 60.4%이었다. 3) 호흡곤란 등의 호흡기계증상이 없고 안정시 폐활량검사상 정상인 건강한 의과대학 남학생 32명을 대상으로 자전거와 답차를 이용한 운동후 Eschenbacher 방식으로 해석한 결과 운동방법에 따른 일치율은 25% 이었다. 결론 : 이와 같은 결과로 진단 알고리즘 혹은 운동방법에 따라 결과가 차이가 있음을 알 수 있었고, 심폐운동검사를 호흡곤란이나 운동제한의 주원인 감별을 위한 진단적 목적으로 이용하기 위해서는 한국성인에 적용할 수 있는 운동방법에 따른 진단 알고리즘을 확립하는 것이 필요하다고 여겨진다.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.503-512
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was to investigate the factors influencing hotel workers' health practice. Methods: This study was based on the partial PRECEDE model. The subjects of this study were 261 servers sampled at random from a hotel located in Seoul. For the statistical analysis of collected data, descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA and logistic regression were performed with the SAS (Version. 8.01) program. Results: There were statistically significant primary factors influencing different parts of health practice. That is, regular exercise was influenced by gender, age and marital status, diet habit was by marital status, and type of working, prohibition of smoking was by gender, age and type of employment, and drinking by gender and job stress. Conclusion: This study has a limitation in generalized application to hotels in this country because it is a cross-sectional examination about the factors affecting health practice in the employees of a hotel. Further study is needed with various and broad variables that promote health practice and contributed to the development of health promotion programs.

• 한국게임학회 논문지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.147-156
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• 2021

In this paper, we planned to see the positive effects of the immersive virtual environment. In particular, the positive effect of presence on physical performance was explored. A total of 25 participants were recruited for this experiment and his/her physical performance was measured by Electromyography (EMG) while they were exercising (rowing), and presence was measured by a self-reported measure. The participants were randomly assigned to experience either a) Virtual Reality (VR) or b) non-VR (2D screen) condition when they played the exergame. The result showed that 1) there was a positive relationship between representation mode and presence and 2) the higher level of presence reinforced the user's physical performance. The limitation of the study and future study were also discussed.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.1-30
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• 1994

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic systematic disease with unpredictable course of exacerbation and remission, characterized by pain, joint deformity and reduced activity by joint limitation. The growing public awareness of the need for health management of chronic illnesses, provides impetus for nursing to demonstrate social effectiveness by active nursing intervention in this vast area in general, and with rheumatoid condition in particular. However, nursing interventions to date have not demonstrated its active participation in the management of chronic conditions. Nursing intervention for the patients having rheumatoid arthritis is one such area that needs to be studied intensively and to demonstrate their effectiveness empirically. The purposes of this study were two fold : first, to develop a comprehensive program that was intensified with therapeutic joint exercises in water, self-help group activities and utilization of self-efficacy promoting strategies : and secondly, to determine the effect of aquatic exercise program on pain, physiological changes and quality of life in the rheumatoid arthritis patients. Thirty five female subjects participating in this study were selected from outpatients in the Rheumatism Center, Hanyang University hospital. The period of data collection was from December, 1992 to March, 1993 in seoul and Taejeon. Subjects in Taejeon were assigned to the experimental group. The comprehensive aquatic exercise program for the experimental group was carried out three times a week for 6 weeks in regular swimming pool. Subjects in Seoul did not participated in the program, and treated as the control group. Data were analyzed with repeated measure MANCOVA, t-test, ANCOVA, percentage of change, Kruskal-Wallis 1-Way ANOVA using SPSS $PC^+$ program. Results were obtained as follows : 1) Scores on Korean pain scale, Numeric pain score, and RAI score of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group (t=2.11, p=0.022 ; F=4.40, p=0.044 : t=3.10, p=0.002). 2) There was significant improvement in the physiological parameters (higher joint movement parameters, F=15.64, p=0.024 ; higher lean body mass, percentage of change=+12.2, lower body weight, t=1.01, p=0.026 : lower ESR, t=1.69, p=0.001) in the experimental group compaired with subjects In the control group. 3) There was significant improvement in the specific self-efficacy score through the comprehensive aquatic exercise program(t=2.73, p=0.011), but not in the general self- efficacy score(t=0.62, p=0.113). 4) The quality of life failed to show significant improvement in the experimental group as compaired with the control group (F=3.69, p=0.064). 5) In the experimental group, findings from additional analysis showed no significant difference in the specific self-efficacy between those who continued to aquatic exercise after completing 6 week program and those who stopped (X2=0.086, p=0.690). Therefore, adherence to aquatic exercise program for 6 weeks seem to be affected mainly by self-help group activities. An indepth study to delve into articulation of mechanisms affecting the effect of aquatic exercise program be recommended. A further study is necessary to determine the difference in the effect of group and individual aquatic exercise program, to assess factors affecting adherence to exercise for an extended length of time.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.165-174
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• 1995

연구배경: 운동유발성 천식은 운동에 의해서 기관지 수축이 나타나는 것으로, 일상생활에서 흔히 경험하는 천식발작의 형태로서, 특히 소아에서는 중요하다. 이러한 운동유발성 기관지 수축은 비특이적으로 발생된다는 점에서, 통상적으로 측정, 평가되는 histamine이나 metacholine에 의한 비특이적 기관지 반응도와 밀접한 관련을 생각할 수 있다. 비특이적 기관지 반응도 중 $PC_{20}$으로 표시되는 기도 민감도는 운동유발성 기관지 수축의 정도와 비례하는 것이 밝혀져 있으나, 또 다른 요소인 최대 기도 협착의 정도와 운동유발성 기관지 수축(EIB)의 정도와의 연관성에 대해서는 연구된 바 없다. 방법: 56명의 천식 환아에서 고농도의 methacholine 유발시험에서의 $PC_{20}$, 최대반응고원(MRP), 최대기도 협착(MAN)을 측정하고, 운동유발시험에서의 운동유발성 기관지수축을 측정하였다. 이들을 운동유발성 기관지 수축의 정도에 따라 3군으로 구분하여, 각군간의 $PC_{20}$, MRP, MAN의 차이를 알아보고 전체 대상에서 운동유발성 기관지 수축의 정도와 $PC_{20}$, MRP, MAN 각각과의 상관관계를 알아보았다. 결과: 1) 운동유발성 기관지 수축이 20% 이상인(+) EIB군의 $PC_{20}$은, 10% 이하인 (-)EIB의 $PC_{20}$보다 유의하게 낮았다(p<0.01). 2) 전체 대상에서 methacholine $PC_{20}$의 log치는 운동유발성 기관지수축의 정도와 유의한 역비례 관계를 나타내었다(r=-0.568, p<0.01). 3) 전체 56명중 36명에서 MRP를 구할수 있었는데 이들에서 MRP와 운동유발성 기관지 수축의 정도는 유의한 상관관계를 보였다(r=0.355, p<0.05). 4) (+)EIB인 군의 MAN은 (-)EIB군의 MAN보다 유의하게 높았다. 5) 전체 대상에서 MAN은 운동유발성 기관지 수축의 정도와 유의한 정비례 관계를 나타내었다(r=0.546, p<0.01). 결론: 운동유발성 기관지 수축의 정도는 methacholine유발검사로 측정된 $PC_{20}$과 뿐만 아니라 MAN의 정도와 유의한 상관관계를 나타내었다. 이같은 결과는 비록 특이적 기관지 반응도를 결정하는 2가지 요소가, 비록 서로 다른 기전이지만, 운동에 대한 반응을 결정하는 요인으로 중요하게 작용함을 암시한다. 또한 NSBR을 평가할때 $PC_{20}$뿐만 아니라 MRP혹은 MAN의 측정이 가능한 포함되어야 할것이다.