• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.73-79
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• 2022

Artificial intelligence (AI) 프로젝트에 널리 사용되는 Python 언어는 Interpreter 언어로 Runtime 시에 오류가 발생한다. 오류로 인한 프로젝트의 실패를 방지하기 위해서는 사전에 예외적인 상황이 발생할 수 있는 코드에 대한 예외 처리가 필요하다. 특히, 많은 리소스를 필요로 하는 AI 프로젝트에서, 오랜 실행 후 발생하는 예외는 큰 리소스 낭비를 초래한다. 하지만, 예외 처리는 개발자의 경험에 의존하기 때문에 개발자들은 잡아야 할 적절한 예외를 결정하는데 어려움을 가진다. 이러한 필요성을 해결하기 위해 기존 예외 처리문을 학습하여 개발 중에 개발자에게 잡아야 할 예외를 제안해주는 접근 방법을 제안한다. 제안 방법은 try 블록의 소스 코드를 입력으로 받아 except 블록에서 처리되어야 할 예외들을 제안해준다. 우리는 2개의 프레임워크로 구성된 대규모 프로젝트에 대해 접근 방법을 평가한다. 우리의 평가 결과에 따르면, 예외 제안을 수행할 때 평균 AUPRC는 0.92 이상을 나타낸다. 연구 결과는 제안된 방법이 비교 모델들을 능가하는 예외 제안 성능으로 개발자의 예외 처리를 지원할 수 있음을 보여준다.

• Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.237-242
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• 2009

The potential antioxidant activities of different fractions from methanolic extract of Curcuma longa L. were assayed in vitro. All of the fractions exception of n-hexane and $H_2O$ showed a strong antioxidant activity, especially the ethylacetate (EtOAc) fraction, which showed the highest 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity ($IC_{50}=9.86\;{\mu}g/mL$). The results of 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay showed concentration dependency, the EtOAc fraction demonstrating a better result than the other fractions at the same concentration in this studies. Additionally, when the total phenolic contents of fractions were measured, the EtOAc fraction contained the highest level. Meanwhile, correlation analysis indicated a high correlation between the antiradical activity and the total phenolic contents, suggesting that fractions obtained from the methanolic extract of Curcuma longa L. have wide potential for use as sources of antioxidant material.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제28권12호
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• pp.1317-1323
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• 2005

In an attempt to examine the ability of benzisothiazole-based drugs to interact with $\beta$-adrenoceptors, a series of 1,2-benzisothiazole derivatives, which were substituted with various propanolamine or oxypropanolamine side chains in the 2 or 3 position, were synthesised and tested. The pharmacological activity of these compounds at the ,$\beta$-adrenoceptors was examined using isolated rat atria and small intestinal segments, which preferentially express the $\beta_{1}$- and $\beta_{3}$-adrenoceptor-mediated responses, respectively. None of these products showed any $\beta$-adrenoceptor agonistic activity. In contrast, the 2- and 3-substituted isopropyl, tert-butyl, benzyl, and piperonyl derivatives 2a-d and 3a-d elicited surmountable inhibition of the isoprena­line-induced chronotropic effects in the atria, suggesting competitive antagonism at the $\beta_{1}$­recognition site. The $pA_{2}$ values revealed tert-butyl 3b and the isopropyl substituted piperonyl derivatives 3a to be the most effective. Remarkably, many of the 2-substituted propanolamines were less active than the corresponding 3-substituted oxypropanolamines. With the exception of compound 3b, none of these drugs antagonised the muscle relaxant activity of isoprenaline in the intestine, suggesting no effect on the $\beta_{3}$-adrenoceptors. These results confirm the ability of the benzisothiazole ring to interact with the $\beta$-adrenoceptors, and demonstrate that 2-substitution with propanolamine or 3-substitution with oxypropanolamine groups yields compounds with preferential antagonistic activity at the cardiac $\beta_{1}$adrenoceptors. The degree of antagonism depends strongly on both the nature of the substituent and its position on the benzisothiazole ring.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.55-61
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• 2011

Fish larvae were collected monthly with an ichthyoplankton net from 18 stations (including four stations located in eelgrass beds) in Gamak Bay and Yeoja Bay, southern Korea, in 2007. In total, 33 species of fish larvae were collected, of which Engraulis japonicus (48.5%), Tridentiger trigonocephalus (21.5%), and Omobranchus elegans (9.2%) were dominant. Dominant species varied seasonally: Hexagrammos otakii during December and January, Pholis nebulosa during January and March, Acanthogobius flavimanus in April, T. trigonocephalus in May, E. japonicus during June, July, September, and November, and Sillago japonica in August. Dominant species also differed between sites inside and outside the bays. Leiognathus nuchalis, O. elegans, and T. trigonocephalus were more abundant inside, while H. otakii was more abundant outside. From cluster analysis, three groups were identified according to sampling months (January-April, May-September, and October-December) and two groups according to station (inside and outside bays). The occurrence of small larvae of almost all major fish species indicated that the bays were used as spawning and nursery grounds. An exception was Lateolabrax japonicus, whose specimens were relatively large (>19 mm TL), suggesting that this fish may spawn offshore, with its juveniles approaching the bays with growth.

• Carbon letters
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.161-166
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• 2012

Carbon materials were synthesized by pyrolysis from fibers of Corn-straw (Zea mays), Rice-straw (Oryza sativa), Jute-straw (Corchorus capsularis) Bamboo (Bombax bambusa), Bagass (Saccharum officinarum), Cotton (Bombax malabaricum), and Coconut (Cocos nucifera); these materials were characterized by scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Raman spectra. All carbon materials are micro sized with large pores or channel like morphology. The unique complex spongy, porous and channel like structure of Carbon shows a lot of similarity with the original anatomy of the plant fibers used as precursor. Waxy contents like tyloses and pits present on fiber tracheids that were seen in the inherent anatomy disappear after pyrolysis and only the carbon skeleton remained; XRD analysis shows that carbon shows the development of a (002) plane, with the exception of carbon obtained from bamboo, which shows a very crystalline character. Raman studies of all carbon materials showed the presence of G- and D-bands of almost equal intensities, suggesting the presence of graphitic carbon as well as a disordered graphitic structure. Carbon materials possessing lesser density, larger surface area, more graphitic with less of an $sp^3$ carbon contribution, and having pore sizes around $10{\mu}m$ favor hydrogen adsorption. Carbon materials synthesized from bagass meet these requirements most effectively, followed by cotton fiber, which was more effective than the carbon synthesized from the other plant fibers.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.173-181
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• 2014

Since the onset of the 21st century, digital technology has been widely adopted in various fields of art; it has enabled artists or designers to try diverse and brand-new ways of expression in literally every possible field of art, including painting, sculpture, and other design work. Furniture design is no exception. From the initial design step to the final production of furniture, modern digital skills are broadly utilized, creating a whole new set of designs that would otherwise be hardly conceivable and realizing a highly efficient furniture-making mechanism. More recently, the 3D printing technique, which is called a 21st century alchemy, has been successfully commercialized and is getting more popular, heralding yet another innovative shift in the area of furniture design and production. In this context, this study discusses the background of the furniture design using digital technology, and identifies the correlations between the modern digital technology and furniture design by redefining the concept of such digital technology. By reviewing multiple real-life cases, some of the key digital expressions found in modern furniture design are also analyzed. This study aims at suggesting the reason why digital technology is significant and promising in diverse ways for the development of modern furniture design.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.240-245
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• 2005

The effect of aqueous and alcoholic extract of seeds of Nigella sativa (N. sativa) was studied on the spontaneous movements of the whole worm (w.w) preparation and nerve muscle (n.m) complex of Setaria cervi (S. cervi). Both the extracts caused inhibition of spontaneous movements of the w.w and n.m complex characterized by initial stimulation followed by irreversible paralysis, with the exception that aqueous extract produced a partially reversible paralysis of w.w preparation. Lesser concentration of both the extracts was required to inhibit the movements of n.m complex than the w.w. Suggesting a cuticular permeability barrier. The lethal concentration $50\;(LC_{50})$ and lethal concentration $90\;(LC_{90})$ were 30 and 55 ng/ml for aqueous and 45 and 60 ng/ml for alcoholic extracts respectively.

• 한국CDE학회논문집
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.121-130
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• 2008

The concept of integrated product information has been universalized so that many manufacturing industries have applied the concept to their production system. The field of PDM (Product Data Management), which is one of the core components of the integrated product information, is not an exception. Therefore, various PLM (Product Lifecycle Management) software providers are in process of suggesting the PDM solutions. As the PDM solution is widely adopted in the manufacturing industries, the successful application of the solution has been gathering more strength in manipulation of the product information. However, the standardized implementation methodology is stuck in the basic level contrast with the enhanced PDM's functionality and capability. Present study refers to the application of UML (Unified Modeling Language), which is an object oriented modeling description, to PDM system development procedure. The advantage of UML is its efficiency and effectiveness in handling complex requirement often found in PDM implementation works. This paper shows the integration of PDM and UML proposes a philosophy for the support of requirement analysis throughout the full implementation of PDM system.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.1299-1304
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• 2008

The potential antioxidant activities of different fractions from a 70% methanolic (MeOH) extract of Sonchus oleraceus were assayed in vitro. All of the fractions exception of n-hexane showed a strong antioxidant activity, especially the ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fraction, which showed the highest 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity ($IC_{50}=19.25{\mu}g/mL$). The results of hydroxyl radical scavenging activity and a reducing power assay showed concentration dependence, the EtOAc fraction demonstrating a better result than the other fractions at the same concentration in the studies. Additionally, the fractions' total phenolic (TP) contents was measured, phenolic compounds such as tannic acid, p-coumatric acid, quercetin, epicathchin, and kaempferol being detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Meanwhile, a regression analysis revealed a moderate-to-high correlation coefficient between the antiradical activity and the TP contents, suggesting that fractions obtained from the 70% MeOH extract of S. oleraceus are of potential use as sources of antioxidant material.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권10호
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• pp.97-107
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• 2021

Nowadays, with the constant enhancement in the health of the economy, the average income and living standard have accordingly increased, making the need for financial independence a favorable choice. This research aims to identify the factors affecting the financial independence of young people. The authors implement quantitative analysis, with a set of primary data collected from a survey of 2664 Vietnamese people aged from 18 to 28. The research results demonstrate the considerable impact of monetary, psychological, group-related, and family-related factors on the financial independence of young people. The results of the sample analysis provide adequate evidence to reject the correlative relationship between family and group factors and the financial independence of young people. In addition, there are 3 factors, including demographic factors, monetary factors, and psychological factors, all have varying degrees and directions of influence on young people's financial independence. Most of the mentioned variables reflect a positive effect on financial independence. The only exception is the education variable, illustrated by its negative standardized beta value. A significant difference in financial independence between genders also is reported, suggesting that males seem to have a higher level of financial independence than females.