• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.16 no.4
• /
• pp.189-196
• /
• 2011

The main issues of the researches are monitoring environment such as weather or temperature variation and natural accident, and sensor gateways which have mobile device, applications for mobile health care. In this paper, we propose the SFMS(Smart Factory Management System) that can effectively monitor and manage a green smart factory area based on M2M service and smart phone with android OS platform. The proposed system is performed based on the TinyOS-based IEEE 802.15.4 protocol stack. To validate system functionality, we built sensor network environments where were equipped with four application sensors such as Temp/Hum, PIR, door, and camera sensor. We also built and tested the SFMS system to provide a novel model for event detection systems with smart phone.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
• /
• v.39 no.4 s.179
• /
• pp.495-505
• /
• 2006

Atmospheric infrasound is defined as low frequency inaudible sound waves generated from natural phenomena and human activities. One property of long-distance travelling of infrasound makes it possible to detect the wave propagated from remote sound sources and to understand many geophysical phenomena generating it. Recently, advanced global infrasound sensor arrays are being deployed to monitor the clandestine nuclear test and to study geophysical phenomena in the world. In Korea, five seismo-acoustic arrays consisting of co-located seismometer and micro-barometer have been operated to discriminate the artificial explosions from the natural earthquakes in and around the Korean Peninsula. In addition to the discrimination purpose, these ways also record distinct infrasonic signals from natural phenomena on global scale such as large earthquake, bolide event, volcanic explosion, typhoon, and so on. As a new frontier in monitoring the earth, infrasound is being applied to understand various phenomena in and above the earth's surface.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.45 no.2
• /
• pp.156-160
• /
• 2013

A duplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was developed to detect unapproved genetically modified (GM) potato (EH92-527-1) in Korea. The UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (UGP) gene was selected as an endogenous reference gene for potato and used to validate the specificity for 14 different crops. The primer pair EH92-F/R was designed to amplify the junction sequence between the genome and transgenic region introduced in GM potato. Its specificity was also validated using several different GM events. The detection limit of the duplex PCR method is approximately 0.05%. This duplex PCR method could be useful for monitoring cultivation of unauthorized GM potato in Korea.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.22 no.6
• /
• pp.557-568
• /
• 2013

In this study, Calculated the nonpoint sources(NPS) load per unit area about various rainy events in vineyard of Nakdong River basin. NPS monitoring and calculation for NPS load per unit area were estimated from 'Investigation method of precipitation discharge(National Institute of Environmental Research, 2007)'. The evaluation of applicability for NPS load per unit by compared with prior research data and Total Maximum Daily Load(TMDL) data. Five target areas were each $2000m^2$, $1800m^2$, $1943m^2$, $2484m^2$, $864m^2$ and located in Gyeongsangbukdo Gyeongju, Gyeongsangbukdo Sangju, Gyeongsangnamdo Hapcheon in Korea. Since fruits were the only crop on the target area, the characteristics of stormwater discharge at survey sites could be evaluated independently. A total of 115 rainfall events in the Orchard area during five years(2008-2012) was surveyed, and 38 of them became stormwater discharge. In the Nakdong River watershed, average of event mean concentrations(EMCs) in Orchard area for biochemical oxyzen demand(BOD), Chemical oxyzen demand(COD), total nitrogen(T-N), total phosphorus(T-P) were 2.0mg/L, 10.1mg/L, 3.195mg/L, 0.578mg/L, respectively. NPS load per unit area in Orchard area showed BOD : $2.0kg/km^2{\cdot}day$, COD : $10.2kg/km^2{\cdot}day$, T-N : $3.220kg/km^2{\cdot}day$, T-P : $0.606kg/km^2{\cdot}day$.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
• /
• v.32 no.6
• /
• pp.511-519
• /
• 2016

National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER) has developed the Korean Reach File (KRF) for scientific and systematic analysis of variables related to water quality, pollutant sources and aquatic ecosystems in consideration of steam reach networks. The KRF provides a new framework for data production, storage, management and analysis for water related variables in relation to spatial characteristics, connections, and topologies of stream reaches. However, the current version of KRF (ver.2) has limited applicability because its nodes include not only the stream points based on topological characteristics but also those based on water quality monitoring stations, which may undermine its generality. In this study, a new version of KRF (ver.3) was designed and established to overcome the weak point of version 2. The version 3 is a generalization of the old KRF graphic data and it integrates the attribute data while separating it from the graphic data to minimize additional work that is needed for data association and search. We tested the KRF (ver.3) on actual cases and convenience and adaptability for each application was verified. Further research should focus on developing a database link model and real-world applications that are targeted to process event data.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.14 no.5
• /
• pp.153-159
• /
• 2014

In this paper, we propose the Distributed Power Saving Control System that enables the active and intelligent control(on/off and/or dimming control) of the lightning device using sensors and mobile agents. The proposed system is effective for energy saving and induces cost reductions in design and development of power saving control system as adding remote-monitoring or controlling functions is easier with the application of a variety of active rules. Moreover, the system improves the effectiveness of the acquired sensing data by real-time event handling and device controlling using a mobile agent based sensor network middleware that regularize the contextual information or a user's emotion. The results of this paper present the potential applicability of the proposed distributed control system using mobile agent in various active sensor network applications.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
• /
• v.45 no.2
• /
• pp.53-68
• /
• 2020

Background: International organizations such as the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) reported public exposure doses due to radionuclides released in the Fukushima nuclear accident a few years after the event. However, the reported doses were generally overestimated due to conservative assumptions such as a longer stay in deliberate areas designated for evacuation than the actual stay. After these reports had been published, more realistic dose values were reported by Japanese scientists. Materials and Methods: The present paper reviews those reports, including the most recently published articles; and summarizes estimated effective doses (external and internal) and issues related to their estimation. Results and Discussion: External dose estimation can be categorized as taking two approaches-estimation from ambient dose rate and peoples' behavior patterns-and measurements using personal dosimeters. The former approach was useful for estimating external doses in an early stage after the accident. The first 4-month doses were less than 2 mSv for most (94%) study subjects. Later on, individual doses came to be monitored by personal dosimeter measurements. On the basis of these measurements, the estimated median annual external dose was reported to be < 1 mSv in 2011 for 22 municipalities of Fukushima Prefecture. Internal dose estimation also can be categorized as taking two approaches: estimation from whole-body counting and estimation from monitoring of environmental samples such as radioactivity concentrations in food and drinking water. According to results by the former approach, committed effective dose due to ¹³⁴Cs and ¹³⁷Cs could be less than 0.1 mSv for most residents including those from evacuated areas. Conclusion: Realistic doses estimated by Japanese scientists indicated that the doses reported by WHO and UNSCEAR were generally overestimated. Average values for the first-year effective doses for residents in two affected areas (Namie Town and Iitate Village) were not likely to reach 10 mSv, the lower end of the doses estimated by WHO.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.221-235
• /
• 2015

Risk assessment is an important phase of risk management. It is the stage in which risk is measured thoroughly to achieve effective management. Some factors such as probability and impact of risk have been used in the literature related to construction projects. Because in high-rise projects safety issues are paramount, this study has tried to develop a quantifying technique that takes into account three factors: probability, impact and Safety Performance Index (SPI) where the SPI is defined as the capability of an appropriate response to reduce or limit the effect of an event after its occurrence with regard to safety pertaining to a project. Regarding risk-related literatures which cover an uncertain subject, the proposed method developed in this research is based on a fuzzy logic approach. This approach entails a questionnaire in which the subjectivity and vagueness of responses is dealt with by using triangular fuzzy numbers instead of linguistic terms. This method returns a Risk Critical Point (RCP) on a zoning chart that places risks under categories: critical, critical-probability, critical-impact, and non-critical. The high-rise project in the execution phase has been taken as a case study to confirm the applicability of the proposed method. The monitoring results showed that the RCP method has the inherent ability to be extended to subsequent applications in the phases of risk response and control.

• Development and Reproduction
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.31-39
• /
• 2011

Change in intracellular $Ca^{2+}$-concentration ($[Ca^{2+}]_i$) is an essential event for egg activation and further development. $Ca^{2+}$ ion is originated from intracellular $Ca^{2+}$-store via inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor and/or $Ca^{2+}$ influx via $Ca^{2+}$ channel. This study was performed to investigate whether changes in $Ca^{2+}$/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II (CaM KII) activity affect $Ca^{2+}$ influx during artificial egg activation with ethanol using $Ca^{2+}$ monitoring system and whole-cell patch clamp technique. Under $Ca^{2+}$ ion-omitted condition, $Ca^{2+}$-oscillation was stopped within 30 min post microinjection of porcine sperm factor, and ethanol-induced $Ca^{2+}$ increase was reduced. To investigate the role of CaM KII known as an integrator of $Ca^{2+}$- oscillation during mammalian egg fertilization, CaM KII activity was tested with a specific inhibitor KN-93. In the eggs treated with KN-93, ethanol failed to induce egg activation. In addition, KN-93 inhibited inward $Ca^{2+}$ current ($I_{Ca}$) in a time-dependent manner in whole-cell configuration. Immunostaining data showed that the voltage-dependent $Ca^{2+}$ channels were distributed along the plasma membrane of mouse egg and 2-cell embryo. From these results, we suggest that $Ca^{2+}$ influx during fertilization might be controlled by CaM KII activity.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.149-162
• /
• 1996

The results of space radiation experiments carried out on board the first two Korean technology demonstration microsatellites are presented in this paper. The first satellite, KITSAT-1, launched in August 1992, carries a radiation monitoring payload called cosmic ray experiment(CRE) for characterizing the low-earth orbit(LEO) radiation environment. The CRE consists of two sub-systems: the cosmic particle experiment (CPE) and the total dose experiment(TDE). In addition, single event upset(SEU)rates of the program memory and the RAM disk are also monitored. The second satellite, KITSAT-2, launched in September 1993, carries a newly developed 32-bit on-board computer(OBC), KASCOM(KAIST satellite computer in addition to OBC186. SEUs ocurred in the KASCOM, as well as in the program memory and RAM disk memory, have been monitored since the beginning of the satellite operation. These two satellites, which are very similar in structures but different in orbits, provide a unique opportunity to study the effects of the radiation environment characterized by the orbit.