• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.868-876
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• 2011

A five-year field monitoring was conducted to monitor characteristics of suspended solid (SS) export from paddy fields. The observed EMCs of SS ranged 1.2~517 mg/L (avg. 52.1 mg/L) during storm period. The concentration of SS during non-storm period were 1.1~349.5 mg/L (avg. 36.1 mg/L). Monthly load of SS was high during summer when rainfall amount was high. The load was higher than that of May when tillage effect is expected. There was no significant relationship between SS EMCs and rainfall or drainage amount. However, effects of rainfall and drainage were found to be significant for event load of SS. But, there was no apparent relationship between rainfall amount of cropping period and load of SS for that period. The observed SS load was 164.8~456.0 kg/ha (avg. 301.2 kg/ha) and mostly occurred during storm period. This study results also suggested that SS load estimation by USLE equation for paddy field could be overestimated, if not carefully handled. Monitoring studies for various climate, soil, and agricultural management are required to get better scope of SS export from paddy fields.

• Journal of Digital Policy
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 2022

In case of a dangerous situation, the roof, which serves as an emergency exit, must be open in case of fire according to the Fire Act. However, when the roof door is opened, it has become a place of various incidents and accidents such as illegal entry, crime, and suicide. As a result, it is a reality to close the roof door in terms of facility management to prevent crime, various incidents, and accidents. Accordingly, the government is pushing to legislate regulations on housing construction standards, etc. that mandate the installation of electronic automatic opening and closing devices on rooftop doors. Therefore, in this paper, an intelligent emergency door opening/closing device system is proposed. To this end, an intelligent emergency door opening and closing system was developed by linking wired and wireless access counting and AI image analysis. Finally, it is possible to build a wireless communication-based integrated management platform that provides remote control and history management in a centralized method of device status real-time monitoring and event alarm.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.9-19
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• 2023

Drought is a natural disaster that can have serious social impacts. Drought's impact ranges from water supply for humans to ecosystems, but the impact of drought on river water quality requires careful investigation. In general, drought occurs meteorologically and is classified as agricultural drought, hydrological drought, and environmental drought. In this study, the BOD environmental drought is defined using the bivariate copula joint probability distribution model between the meteorological drought index and the river BOD, and based on this, the environmental drought condition index (EDCI-BOD) was proposed. The results of examining the proposed index using past precipitation and BOD observation data showed that EDCI-BOD expressed environmental drought well in terms of river BOD water quality. In addition, by classifying the calculated EDCI-BOD into four levels, namely, 'attention', 'caution', 'alert', and 'seriousness', a practical monitoring stage for environmental drought of BOD was constructed. We further estimated the sensitivity of the stream BOD to meteorological drought, and through this, we could identify the stream section in which the stream BOD responded relatively more sensitively to the occurrence of meteorological drought. The results of this study are expected to provide information necessary for river BOD management in the event of meteorological droughts.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.306-309
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• 2022

Recently, the frequency of earthquakes is rapidly increasing in Korea. As a result, concerns about earthquakes are increasing. Response and recovery in the event of an earthquake are also important, but it is necessary to identify management vulnerabilities in advance and perform prevention and preparation activities. K-water collects real-time earthquake data by operating an earthquake accelerator to manage facilities safe from earthquakes. In addition, real-time data is transmitted to external organizations. Therefore, various efforts are being made to improve the quality of data. In order to reduce the management vulnerability of the earthquake monitoring system in advance, high-quality data can be produced by minimizing the delay time of data collection and establishing a real-time quality analysis system and base for earthquake data using big data. Accordingly, it is expected to protect the lives and property of the people from earthquake disasters by securing dam safety management and high-quality earthquake data and providing rapid data to external institutions.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.23-32
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• 2022

In this study, rainfall water outlet water quality monitoring was performed on the C industrial complex to evaluate the characteristics of non-point pollutant runoff from the industrial complex during rainfall and to use it as basic data for calculating the load and unit of non-point pollutant. As a result of the IETD analysis, it was selected as a representative rainfall event for simulating non-point pollutants when the rainfall duration was about 21 hours and the rainfall was 26.44mm. Also as a result of monitoring the flow and water quality survey, the first rainfall was 12.2 mm, the rainfall duration was 12 hr, the number of preceding dry days was 3 days, the second rainfall was 22.1 mm, the rainfall duration was 12 hr, and the number of preceding dry days was 7 days.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.175-182
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• 2008

In this paper, through the study and consideration of the recently prominent monitoring of cable stayed-bridge, practical but reasonable suggested for the evaluation of the probabilistic safety of the bridges using probable measured data from monitoring measurement system. It is shown in the paper that the live load effects can be evaluated using measured data of cable-stayed bridge and this the realistic probabilistic safety of the cable-stayed bridge could be assessed in term of element reliability and system reliability. As a practical method for the evalution of the system reliability of system cable-stayed bridges partial ETA method is uesd, which can find the critical failure path including combined failure modes of cable, deck and pylon. Compared with the conventional safety analysis method, the propsed approach may be considered as the practical method that shows the considerably actual and reasonable results the system redundancy of the structure.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.62-66
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• 2008

Purpose : In addition to epileptic seizures (ES), a variety of physiologic, organic and psychogenic disorders can manifest as paroxysmal behavioral events. Paroxysmal nonepileptic events (PNEs) are quite encountered in infants, young children, and adolescents. In a substantial proportion of cases, a careful history and examination will elucidate their nature. However, in other cases, it is necessary to differentiate PNEs from ES by video-electroencephalographic (EEG) monitoring. We report our experiences with PNEs in a group of children and adolescents who underwent video-EEG monitoring. Methods : From September, 2004 to June, 2006, one hundred thirty patients were monitored in the Pediatric Epilepsy Monitoring Units of Korea University Guro and Ansan hospitals. Their hospital charts were reviewed and video records of these events were analyzed. We observed all patients after video-EEG monitoring for more than 3 months. Results : Typical spells occurred during monitoring in 33 patients, not associated with a seizure pattern on EEG recordings. Two patients were diagnosed as frontal lobe epilepsy on basis of typical semiology and clinical characteristics, so 31 patients were documented to have PNEs finally. The mean age of patients was $7.2{\pm}5.8\;years$. The male to female ratio was 15 (48.4%) to 16 (51.6%). Among 31 patients, fifteen patients had associated disorders such as epilepsy, developmental delay, cerebral palsy, gastric ulcer, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder or depressive disorder. Somatoform disorder and factitious disorder was frequently seen in children more than 5 years old (P<0.05). Psychogenic disorder was more frequent in female (n=6) than in male (n=2) but there was no statistical significance (P>0.05). Conclusion : Our study suggests that video-EEG monitoring is an important diagnostic tool in the evaluation of paroxysmal behavioral events. With correct diagnosis of the PNEs, several unnecessary treatment could be avoided.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.513-516
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• 2008

The sensor node's performance is expected to be improved and the price will be largely decreased. As USN-applied field is expanded, multiple application services are expected to be provided through one USN soon. Multiple applications be required a periodic data reporting, consecutive information monitoring, event-driven data and query-based data as the data pattern that USN is delivered. Accordingly, the mechanism which can assure QoS according to each data characteristic is required. In this paper, A proposed protocol apply the duty cycle of S-MAC protocol variably and flexible according QoS level. This method largely reduces the delay on the delay-sensitive traffic, while keeping the energy efficiency.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.6 no.11
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• pp.2875-2888
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• 1999

In this paper we present compiler-based active rule system to efficiently maintain spatial integrity constraints in a heterogeneous, distributed environment. Specially, the prototype active rule system presented has been developed as a component of a whole middleware system called SDBC(Spatile DataBase Connectivity). Due to this reason, our active rule system is provided for heterogeneous ODBMSs in a distributed environment and used to define spatial integrity constraints using the active rules in E-C-A(Event-Condition-Action) type. Using this active rule system, an application programmer can free himself from a heavier burden on the integrity maintenance of application objects. In the compiler-based approach, active rules applicable to events raised by a database program are directly inserted into the program in a function type by the preprocessor, and then they are compiled with the application program source codes. One advantage of this approach is that there is no run-time overhead accompanied by monitoring all the database transitions when preprocessed program is executed. This active rule system also provides facilities to manage changed rules and dynamically interpret those rules at run-tuime.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.399-415
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• 2014

The intensity of stormwater runoff is particularly acute across cities located in arid climates. During flash floods loose sediment and pollutants are typically transported across sun-hardened surfaces contributing to widespread degradation of water quality. Rapid, dense urbanization exacerbates the problem by creating continuous areas of impervious surfaces, perforated only by a few green patches. Our work demonstrates how the latest techniques in remote sensing can be used to routinely measure urban land cover types, impervious cover, and vegetated areas. In addition, multiple regression models can then infer relationships between urban land use and land cover types with stormwater quality data, initially sampled at discrete monitoring sites, and then extrapolated annually across an arid city; in our case, the city of Phoenix in Arizona, USA. Results reveal that from 30 storm event samples, solids and heavy metal pollutants were found to be highly related with general impervious surfaces; in particular, with industrial and commercial land use types. Repercussions stemming from this work include support for public policies that advocate environmental sustainability and the more recent focus on urban livability. Also, advocacy for new urban construction and re-development that both steer away from vast unbroken impervious surfaces, in place of more fragmented landscapes that harmonize built and green spaces.