• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.209-217
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• 2024

Recent years have seen a notable increase in fire incidents in university cafeterias, yet the social attention to these occurrences remains limited. Despite quick responses to these incidents preventing loss of life, the need for large-scale evacuation in such high foot traffic areas can cause significant disruptions, economic losses, and panic among students. The potential for stampedes and unpredictable damage during inadequate evacuations underscores the importance of fire safety and evacuation research in these settings. Previous studies have explored evacuation models in various university environments, emphasizing the influence of environmental conditions, personal characteristics, and behavioral patterns on evacuation efficiency. However, research specifically focusing on university cafeterias is scarce. This paper addresses this gap by employing Pathfinder software to analyze fire spread and evacuation safety in a university cafeteria. Pathfinder, an advanced emergency evacuation assessment system, offers realistic 3D simulations, crucial for intuitive and scientific evacuation analysis. The studied cafeteria, encompassing three floors and various functional areas, often exceeds a capacity of 1500 people, primarily students, during peak times. The study includes constructing a model of the cafeteria in Pathfinder and analyzing evacuation scenarios under different fire outbreak conditions on each floor. The paper sets standard safe evacuation criteria (ASET > RSET) and formulates three distinct evacuation scenarios, considering different fire outbreak locations and initial evacuation times on each floor. The simulation results reveal the impact of the fire's location and the evacuation preparation time on the overall evacuation process, highlighting that fires on higher floors or longer evacuation preparation times tend to reduce overall evacuation time.In conclusion, the study emphasizes a multifaceted approach to improve evacuation safety and efficiency in educational settings. Recommendations include expanding staircase widths, optimizing evacuation routes, conducting regular drills, strengthening command during evacuations, and upgrading emergency facilities. The use of information and communication technology for managing emergencies is also suggested. These measures collectively form a comprehensive framework for ensuring safety in educational institutions during fire emergencies.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2021년도 봄 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.166-167
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• 2021

The elderly population in Korea is constantly increasing. As the number of Long-Term Care hospitals increases, many fires have occurred in related facilities. In this facilities, due to the characteristics of the occupants, self-evacuation is difficult, resulting in a number of casualties. It is necessary to Life safety design that reflects the characteristics of the occupants of domestic long-term hospitals. The study attempted to suggest improvements to the standards of evacuation behavior model for occupants of domestic and overseas long-term care hospitals. As a result of the study, patients living in long-term hospitals have a problem that is difficult to evacuate on their own. It is judged that there is a need to present an evacuation behavior model database by setting evacuation priorities and evacuation plans. In addition, it is necessary to more the design factors that affect the evacuation model as well as the characteristics of the occupants of the long-term care hospital.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.594-601
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• 2020

연구목적: 본 연구는 경기도 지역의 재난피해가능성불안 및 지각된 스트레스가 대피행동에 영향을 미치는 요인을 파악하는데 있다. 연구방법:가설검증을 위하여 다중회귀분석(Multiple Regression analysis), 연령, 지역별 재난피해가능성불안 간의 대응일치 유사성을 분석하였다. 연구결과: 안전취약계층피해 가능성불안과 재난시스템 붕괴피해가능성불안이 밀접한 위치에서 지각되는 것을 확인하였다. 지각된 스트레스에 재난시스템붕괴, 피난생활, 자연재해 등이 영향요인으로 확인되었다. 다음으로 대피행동에 스트레스와 자연재해가 영향을 미치는 요인으로 확인되었다. 결론: 자연재해피해가능성불안과 스트레스가 대피행동에 영향을 미치므로 스트레스 관리의 필요성을 확인하였다. 최근 들어 강우량을 통한 재해에서 경험하였듯이 재해의 피해가능성불안은 높아질 것으로 예측된다. 이를 관리하기 위해서는 예방차원의 계획과 심리적 관리가 중요함을 시사하였다.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.43-51
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• 2020

This study analyzed the appropriate placement method by floor for evacuating all occupants during the nighttime through evacuation simulation. The analysis results are as follows. First, when non-self evacuating patients were placed on the first floor, 266 patients and 6 workers were found to be evacuated after 460 seconds. This result shows that it is meaningful to place non-self evacuating patients on the lower floor with a time that is faster than 540 seconds, which is an evaluation criterion set using life Safety standards for human. This result is a time faster than the evaluation criteria of 540 seconds, which is set using the life safety standards, and it can be confirmed that it is meaningful to place non-self evacuating patients on the lower floor. Next, as a result of placing non-self evacuating patients from the first floor to the fourth floor, it was found that evacuation of all occupants required 460 seconds for the first floor, 834 seconds for the second floor, 1,508 seconds for the third floor, and 1,915 seconds for the fourth floor. These results indicate that the placement of non-self evacuating patients on the rest of the floors, except for the first floor, can lead to dangerous results in excess of 540 seconds, which is a flashover time. As a result, it is necessary to place non-self evacuating patients on a lower floor for safe evacuation. The study has limitations except for comparative analysis of changes in evacuation time due to changes in the number of workers at eldery care hospitals and situations in which fire-fighting facilities such as sprinkler facilities operated. It is necessary to study the evacuation time linked to the operation of the fire-fighting facilities and the evacuation time according to the change in the number of workers in the future.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1313-1318
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• 2007

Recently, the terror frequently has taken place for unspecified individuals as modern society is complicated. Especially, in case of a subway carriage fire as Daegu subway fire, because smoke spread path usually coincide with passenger's evacuation path, it will reduce visibility and can cause fatalities by asphyxiation. This study performs not only fire simulation with CFAST V6 but also evacuation simulation with EXODUS V4 for the purpose of taking measures for passengers's life safety in subway fire. As a result of evacuation simulation without fire, evacuation times are 36 s for EXODUS V4 and simple hand calculation, and when fire is occurred fire, 101 persons evacuated in 32 s. Therefore, a countermeasure of evacuation in subway carriage fire is required to repression of fire and emergency exit.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2009년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.48-49
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• 2009

본 연구는 한국해양대학교 실습선을 모델링하고 선내 승조원들의 생활패턴을 분석한 후, 공간별 밀집 유형별 대피시간을 예측하고 이를 비교한 것이다. 승조원의 밀집형태의 관점에서 보면, 선내에 골고루 분포하여 밀도가 낮은 경우에 비해 특정공간에 집중되어 순간 밀도가 높은 경우의 피난시간이 증가하였고, 이동속도에 따른 영향 역시 밀도가 높은 상황이 밀도가 낮은 상황에 비해 4배 이상 큰 것으로 예측되었다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘텐츠학회 2017년도 춘계 종합학술대회 논문집
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• pp.471-472
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• 2017

There are 3,931,822 elderly who receives long-term care at home and 1,704,469 elderly who stay at long-term care facilities in those of 34,610,000 of +65 years old population in Japan; thus, the elderly people who need home care are 2.3 times more than facilities (2016).In the near future, the number of elderly people with a degree of daily life independence and dementia category II or more will increase to 4.7 million (12.8% of the elderly population). Therefore, the use of home-care robots is essential for the disaster evacuation of the overwhelming majority of those elderly who need home care and for of vitals checks to keep family, caregivers, and medical professionals informed to reduce the risk in chronic health conditions in welfare evacuation centers. This also helps to care for the caregivers who are caring for the elderly, and the introduction of home-robots to evacuation centers should receive prompt attention from our care-friendly society.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.237-246
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• 2024

In recent years, the frequent occurrence of fire accidents in university libraries has posed significant threats to the safety of students' lives and property, alongside negative social impacts. Accurately analyzing the factors affecting evacuation during library fires and proposing optimized measures for safe evacuation is thus crucial. This paper utilizes a specific university library as a case study, simulating fire evacuation scenarios using the Pathfinder software, to assess and validate evacuation strategies and propose relevant optimizations. Pathfinder, developed by Thunderhead Engineering in the United States, is an intuitive and straightforward personnel emergency evacuation assessment system, offering advanced visualization interfaces and 3D animation effects. This study aims to construct evacuation models and perform simulation analysis for the selected university library using Pathfinder. The library's structural layout, people flow characteristics, and the nature of fire and smoke spread are considered in the analysis. Additionally, evacuation scenarios involving different fire outbreak locations and the status of emergency exits are examined. The findings underscore the importance of effective evacuation in fire situations, highlighting how environmental conditions, individual characteristics, and behavioral patterns significantly influence evacuation efficiency. Through these investigations, the study enhances understanding and optimization of evacuation strategies in fire scenarios, thereby improving safety and efficiency. The research not only provides concrete and practical guidelines for building design, management, and emergency response planning in libraries but also offers valuable insights for the design and management of effective evacuation systems in buildings, crucial for ensuring occupant safety and minimizing loss of life in potential hazard situations

• 디지털정책학회지
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.11-15
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• 2023

최근 사람이 많이 모이는 극장에서 갑자기 화재가 나서, 대피로를 찾지 못한 많은 사람들이 뒤엉켜 다치고 연기를 마시어 질식하는 등 대형 화재 사고가 있었다. 젊은 사람이 대부분인 상황에도 대피하지 못하였는데 만약 노약자였다면 더 큰 인명피해로 이어질 수 있었다. 특히 실내의 경우는 GPS로부터 정확한 위치정보를 전달받기 어렵기 때문에 비콘을 이용한 위치기반서비스와 직관적으로 스마트폰을 이용하여 증강현실로 대피로를 보여주는 긴급대피 시스템이 절실하게 필요하게 되었다. 본 논문에서는 비콘(Beacon)과 화재센서(IoT) 이용한 화재위치 및 대피로 경로 파악을 바탕으로 하여 증강현실 기반의 긴급대피용 스마트폰 앱을 개발하였다. 향후 제안 시스템이 사람이 밀집되는 실내공간에 적용된다면 갑작스런 화재사고에서도 신속한 대피가 가능하여 인명피해를 최소화 할 수 있을 것이다.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 6th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.87-91
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• 2015

For construction projects it is imperative that site management gives the highest priority to planning safe site evacuation for all foreseeable emergencies, including earthquakes and typhoons which are often experienced in Japan. This is especially important and even more critical for high risk projects involving underground works, such as Tunneling & Pneumatic Caissons. Based on the safety regulation of underground works, a back-up power supply system must be provided during the construction period at all times. Often, fluorescent lamps with re-chargeable batteries are provided for infrequent emergency cases, however these have a questionable useable life span and thus need careful maintenance and periodical replacement. In this paper we focused on using the phosphorescence materials to indicate the evacuation direction. As a result, it was confirmed that the phosphorescence materials were considered useful in reducing panic and facilitating a controlled evacuation in the event of a total black-out due to power failure.