• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.381-389
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• 2014

We investigated the host fruit, seasonal occurrence, and oviposition habits of the eurytomid wasp, Eurytoma maslovskii that cause Japanese apricot fruit drops. This eurytomid wasp was found to occur in Gyeonggi-do, Chungcheongbuk-do, Chungcheongnam-do, Jeollanam-do, and Jeollabuk-do in Korea, and it attacked seeds of Japanese apricot, apricot, and peach. Overwintered larvae were observed until mid April, inside the stone of Japanese apricots. Pupation took place between late March and late April. More than 90% of the adult wasps emerged between late April and early May. The female wasps laid eggs just under the seed coat before endocarp hardening. The length of the wasp ovipositor was at least 5 mm, and hence, the diameters of fruits for oviposition would not exceed 2 cm. We observed up to five eggs per fruit, and the egg stage did not last for more than two days. Newly hatched larvae moved to the embryo, which is the first part that forms in a seed, and feeds on this. Larval competition occurs during this time; in this study, only one larva survived and matured. Thus, from the larva cycle of the wasp, most of the damaged fruits would have fallen by early June, before the harvest period.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.191-197
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• 2015

Fruit drop due to Eurytoma maslovskii infestations of Japanese apricot (Prunus mume) is a serious economic issue in most parts of Jeonnam Province, with the exception of the coastal areas such as Wando, Shinan, Yeosu, and Muan. The average incidence of fruit drop was 67% in 2013 and 33.3% in 2014. E. maslovskii larvae overwinter inside the pits of Japanese apricots. Larval survival rates decrease to less than 30% after a rainy summer season. The eggs are long oval of 0.68 mm, 0.29 mm and ivory white. Mature larva is of 6.56 mm, 3.18 mm. Free pupa are black, adult females and males of 6.97 mm, 4.90 mm lengths, respectively, while the ovipositor is 0.64 mm in length. Adult emergence occurs from early April to early May, when Japanese apricot fruits are from 4 mm to 17 mm in diameter. Adults persist for 13.5 d after emergence, and the sex ratio of females to males was found th be 45.9:54.1. Although up to four eggs may be oviposited per fruit, only one larva will ultimately survive, ans the larvae are cannibalistic. The period during which E. maslovskii is able to oviposit on Japanese apricots only lasts from mid- to late April (fruit diameter: 12~16 mm). When the diameter of the fruit is >16 mm, the pit of the Japanese apricot hardens and larvae have difficultly penetrating the stone. Therefore, the most effective method of controlling this pest is to spray orchards with a control agent 2~3 times, at 5 d intervals, beginning in mid- April.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.393-400
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• 2015

An insect parasitic mite was found on a larva from Japanese apricot seed. The mite was identified as Pyemotes moseri Yu et Liang (Acarina: Pyemotidae) new to Korea. The host larva was identified as Eurytoma maslovskii using mitochondrial DNA sequencing analysis. We conducted preliminary study on its reproduction and parasitization capacity in laboratory condition. A mated female mite reared on Eurytoma maslovskii larva. We counted and sexed newborn progenies and then eliminated them during periodical observations. To test parasitization capacity, a PCR tube containing mass reared P. moseri and Japanese apricot seeds (assumed bear larva of E. maslovskii) placed in a stainless bath filled with potting soil. One month later, we surveyed the seeds whether the E. maslovskii larva parasitized by mite or not. We repeated this experiment three times with five replications each. Average life span (days from parasitization to the end of reproduction) of gravid females was 24.4 days (n=8). A gravid female reproduced 104.0 female progenies (n=8). Although there were more than seven Japanese apricot seeds per bath containing larva or pupa, we found parasitization only in two seeds.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.123-130
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• 2016

The mortality was tested to organic control materials to the E. maslovskii adults by the dipping method in laboratory. As the result, in 2014, the extracts of Neem I was not shown control effect by 10.2% control efficacy to E. maslovskii adults in laboratory. The extract of Sophora flavescens roots was shown 84.7% mortality. And other 5 materials were shown 100% insecticidal activity to the adults in laboratory. I n 2015, Plant extract+pyrolignous acid Matrine 0.45% and Plant extract Matrine 0.5+paraffin oil 8% were shown 100% and 94.6% control efficacy, respectively. In the Japanese apricot orchards, the fruit damage rate was low on spray at 21th April in Daap, Gwangyang city, and 8th May Hwangjeon, Suncheon city in Jeonnam province in 2014. The fruit damage rate differed from spray timing and materials, but it was considered that the control of E. maslovskii should be in late April to early May. Otherwise, in 2015, the fruit damage was significantly low in late April spray in Daap, but no significant was in between one spray at 21th, 27th April and 2 spray that days. Meanwhile, the control effect was better 2 times spray of the days in Hwangjeon, Suncheon city in Jeonnam province. Therefore, in organic Japanese apricot, the use of insecticidal materials recommended to control over twice spay in from meddle to late April.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.130-139
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• 2021

In this study, size of the fruit of Japanese apricot (plum) was estimated through a plum recognition and size estimation program using 3D images in order to control the Eurytoma maslovskii that causes the most damage to plum in a timely manner. In 2018, night shooting was carried out using a Kinect 2.0 Camera. For night shooting in 2019, a RealSense Depth Camera D415 was used. Based on the acquired images, a plum recognition and estimation program consisting of four stages of image preprocessing, sizeable plum extraction, RGB and depth image matching and plum size estimation was implemented using MATLAB R2018a. The results obtained by running the program on 10 images produced an average plum recognition error rate of 61.9%, an average plum recognition error rate of 0.5% and an average size measurement error rate of 3.6%. The continued development of these plum recognition and size estimation programs is expected to enable accurate fruit size monitoring in the future and the development of timely control systems for Eurytoma maslovskii.