• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.347-353
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• 2019

Most orbital surgeons believe that it's difficult to restore the primary orbital wall to its previous position and that the orbital wall is so thin that cannot be firmly its primary position. Therefore, orbital wall fractures generally have been reconstructed by replacing the bony defect with a synthetic implant. Although synthetic implants have sufficient strength to maintain their shape and position in the orbital cavity, replacement surgery has some drawbacks due to the residual permanent implants. In previous studies, the author has reported an orbital wall restoring technique in which the primary orbital wall fragment was restored to its prior position through a combination of the transorbital and transantral approaches. Simple straight and curved elevators were introduced transnasally to restore the orbital wall and to maintain temporary extraorbital support in the maxillary and ethmoid sinus. A transconjunctival approach provided sufficient space for implant insertion, while the transnasal approach enabled restoration of the herniated soft tissue back into the orbit. Fracture defect was reduced by restoring the primary orbital wall fragment to its primary position, making it possible to use relatively small size implant, furthermore, extraorbital support from both sinuses decreased the incidence of implant displacement. The author could recreate a natural shape of the orbit with the patient's own orbital bone fragments with this dual approach and effectively restored the orbital volume and shape. This procedure has the advantages for retrieving the orbital contents and restoring the primary orbital wall to its prior position.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.389-399
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• 2019

This study is designed to observe the development of skeleton of Sakhalin sole Limanda sakhalinensis in order to use the findings as the basic data for the taxonomic research. As for the development of skeleton, on 20 days of the hatch when its average total length was 5.86 mm, the clavicle and the paraspenoid in the cranium were ossified. As for the jaw bone, the premaxillary and the dentary were ossified. On 28 days of hatch when its total length was 7.05 mm, 25 neural spines and 22 hemal spines were ossified and 5 fin rays appeared. On 34 days of hatch when its average total length was 8.40 mm, the end of tail was twisted by $45^{\circ}$ and 3 hypural bones were ossified. On 48 days of hatch when its average total length was 10.1 mm, 2 actinosts below the postcleithrum were ossified. On 54 days of hatch, when the average total length was 10.4 mm, the ethmoid, prootic and exoccipital were ossified, thus completing the ossification of skeleton.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.269-273
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• 2022

Naso-orbito-ethmoidal (NOE) fractures are complicated fractures of the mid-face. The treatment of NOE fractures is challenging and a comprehensive treatment strategy is required. We introduce a case of NOE fracture treated with open reduction and suspension sutures. A 28-year-old woman presented with a unilateral NOE fracture. To reduce the frontal process of the maxilla, a suspension suture was made by pulling the fragment using a double arm suture via a transcaruncular incision. The suture thread was placed in the horizontal plane. Another suspension suture on the inferior orbital rim assisted reduction procedure, and they passed through the overlying skin. The reduction alignment could be finely adjusted by tightening the transcutaneous suture threads while checking the degree of bone alignment through the subciliary incision. The two suture threads were suspended using a thermoplastic nasal splint. An additional skin incision on the medial canthal area, which would have resulted in a scar, could be avoided. Four months postoperatively, computed tomography showed an accurate and stable reduction. The patient was satisfied with her aesthetic appearance, and functional deficits were not present.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.54-58
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• 2023

Patients with Crouzon syndrome have increased risks of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea and meningoencephalocele after LeFort III osteotomy. We report a rare case of meningoencephalocele following LeFort III midface advancement in a patient with Crouzon syndrome. Over 10 years since it was incidentally found during transnasal endoscopic orbital decompression, the untreated meningoencephalocele eventually led to intermittent clear nasal discharge, frontal headache, and seizure. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated meningoencephalocele in the left frontal-ethmoid-maxillary sinus through a focal defect of the anterior cranial base. Through bifrontal craniotomy, the meningoencephalocele was removed and the anterior cranial base was reconstructed with a pericranial flap and split calvarial bone graft. Secondary frontal advancement was concurrently performed to relieve suspicious increased intracranial pressure, limit visual deterioration, and improve the forehead shape. Surgeons should be aware that patients with Crouzon syndrome have the potential for an unrecognized dural injury during LeFort III osteotomy due to anatomical differences such as inferior displacement and thinning of the anterior cranial base.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.445-448
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• 2006

Purpose: The nose is the most prominent skeletal feature of the face and is thus prone to frequent injury. Closed reduction of nasal bone fractures can be performed under general or local anesthesia. However, the benefits and the drawbacks in either form of anesthesia chosen are seldom perceived by the surgeon. A retrospective study was performed to assess the differences in the outcome among the two groups subjected to surgery under different type of anesthesia and to introduce our method of local anesthesia and its adequacy. Methods: Two hundred and fifteen patients during a 2-year period were included in the study. 2% Lidocaine mixed with 1:100,000 epinephrine was injected on the anterior ethmoid nerve and the periosteum. Assessment factors included intra-operative adequacy of analgesia, post-operative analgesic requirement and functional and aesthetic outcome of surgery. Results: 19 patients were manipulated under general anesthesia and 196 patients were manipulated under local anesthesia on the anterior ethmoidal nerve and dorsal periosteum. No statistically signigicant variable in performance of surgery could be attributed to the mode of anesthesia employed(p > 0.05). Four patients experienced complications after reduction. One developed septal deviation and three nasal obstruction. But, no secondary operations were needed. Conclusion: Anterior ethmoidal nerve block and dorsal periosteal injection of 2% Xylocaine, combined with topical intranasal 4% lidocaine and epinephrine provided sufficient analgesia comparable to that of general anesthesia.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.27-34
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• 2000

A 20-day-old female Diprosopia in Holstein calf was observsd macroscopically and radiographically. Anterior head duplication(Diprosopia) was observed and all structures caudal to it were normal. She had two muzzles, three eyes, two ears and two tongues. The tongues were joined at their base just posterior and had one hyoid bone. Schistognathia and cleft lips were also observed in the lower jaws. She had an oral cavity, single epiglottis and a laryngeal cavity communicated with one trachea. The cerebral hemispheres were duplicated and fused together in the caudal region. The olfactory and optic nerves were duplicated. The incisive, nasal, pterygoid, parietal, ethmoid bones and vomer were duplicated, respectively. The skull of Diprosopia was shared by an occipital bone. The mandibules, palatines and sphenoid bones were duplicated incompletely. Three orbits and two fontanelles were observed. The medial lacrimal bones and maxillae were duplicated incompletely and fused with each other, respectively. Cleft palates were observed. Medial mandibular mass which was fused together and was duplicated incompletely at the part of its cranial, was shown synchondrosis with the left mandible, but not with the right.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.32-40
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• 2017

2010년 5월 사육 중인 친어로부터 자연산란 된 수정란을 관리하던 중 부화된 자치어를 사육하면서 발육단계에 따른 골격발달과정을 관찰하였다. 부화 직후의 전기자어는 평균전장 $6.85{\pm}0.63mm$(n=5)로 전상악골과 치골이 골화하였고, 두개골에는 부설골이 골화하였으며, 추체와 미골부는 골화가 일어나지 않았다. 부화 2~3일 후 평균전장 $7.25{\pm}0.28mm$(n=5)일 때 전기자어는 주상악골, 관절골이 골화하였고, 설궁부의 상설골과 새조골이 골화하였다. 척추골은 꼬리방향으로 골화하기 시작하였고, 골화된 척추골의 위쪽에는 신경극이 골화하기 시작하였다. 부화 6일 후 평균전장 $9.00{\pm}1.53mm$(n=5)일 때 후기자어는 두개골에 측사골, 익설골, 노정골 등이 골화하였고, 미골은 미부봉상골이 상단부로 $45^{\circ}$ 휘면서 골화하였다. 부화 40일 후 평균전장 $23.3{\pm}0.28mm$(n=5)일 때 후기자어는 두개골에 중사골, 구개부에 내익상골, 외익상골 등이 골화하였다. 부화 120일 후 평균전장 $37.5{\pm}2.83mm$(n=5)일 때 치어는 미골은 1개의 상미축골이 추가로 골화되면서 총 3개의 상미축골이 골화하면서 모든 골편들의 골화가 완성되었다.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.83-90
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• 2023

전어는 부화 후 5일째 평균전장 5.96 mm로 부설골, 전액골, 전상악골, 치골이 먼저 골화하였다. 부화 후 16일째 평균전장 9.96 mm로 전이골, 후이골, 외익상골, 상설골이 골화하였다. 부화 후 25일째 평균전장 11.03 mm로 상쇄골, 후측두골이 골화하기 시작하였으며, 4개의 사출골이 골화하였다. 부화 후 28일째 평균전장 12.34 mm로 액골, 익이골, 상이골, 외후두골, 기저후두골, 안전골, 주상악골, 설악골, 전새개골, 주새개골, 하설골이 골화하였다. 부화 후 36일째 평균전장 16.11 mm로 견갑골이 골화하였고, 부화 후 37일째 평균전장 16.25 mm로 사골, 비골, 노정골, 상후두골, 안하골이 골화하였다. 부화 후 45일째 평균전장 21.14 mm로 오혜골이 골화하여 견대부의 골화가 완성되었다. 부화 후 48일째 평균전장 23.20 mm로 관절골, 하새개골이 골화하였다. 부화 후 53일째 평균전장 30.11 mm로 서골, 구개골, 내익상골, 각골, 방골, 접속골, 인설골이 골화하면서 모든 골격의 골화가 완료되었다.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.132-159
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• 1994

1988년 6월부터 1993년 10월까지 우리나라의 전 치안(治岸)과 제주도(濟州道)에서 채집(採集)된 한국산(韓國産) 붕장어과(科) Congridae 어류를 중심으로 분류학적(分類學的) 주요(主要) 계수(計數), 계측(計測) 형질(形質)과 외부(外部) 형태적(形態的) 형질(形質) 및 골격 형질(形質)들을 면밀히 분석(分析)하여 이들의 분류학적(分類學的) 위치(位置)를 재검토(再檢討)하였다. 지금까지 한국산(韓國産) 붕장어과(科) 어류(魚類)는 6속(屬) 7종(種)으로 보고되었으나 조사(調査) 결과(結果) 꾀붕장어속(屬) Anago에는 꾀붕장어 Anago anago, 갈붕장어속(屬) Ariosoma에는 먹붕장어 Ariosoma anagoides, 흰붕장어 Ariosoma shiroanago shiroanago, 붕장어속(屬) Conger에는 검붕장어 Conger japonicus, 붕장어 Conger myriaster, 은붕장어속(屬) Gnathophis에는 은붕장어 Gnathophis nystromi nystromi, 테붕장어속(屬) Rhechias에는 테붕장어 Rhechias retrotincta, 애붕장어속(屬) Uroconger에는 애붕장어 Uroconger lepturus 등(等) 모두 6속(屬) 8종(種)으로 분류(分類)되었다. 지금까지 우리나라에서 기재(記載)되어 보고되어 온 종(種)중에서 Conger flavirostris는 Ariosoma anagoid로, Astroconger myriaster는 Conger myriaster로, Congrina retrotincta는 Rhechias retrotincta로, Rhynchocymba nystomi는 Gnathophis nystromi nystromi로 확인되어 종전의 7종(種) 중(中) 4종(種)의 학명(學名)이 재정리(再整理)되었다. 이뿐만 아니라 지금까지 서식(棲息)이 보고(報告)되지 않았던 Ariosoma shiroanago shiroanago를 확인(確認)하여 한국산(韓國産) 미기록종(未記錄種)으로 보고(報告)하면서 한국명(韓國名)으로는 "흰붕장어" 라고 명명(命名)하였다. 아울러 한국산(韓國産) 붕장어과(科) 어류(科魚) 6속(屬) 8종(種)에 대한 주요 형태 형질과 계수 형질을 중심으로 각 속(屬) 및 종(種)에 대한 새로운 검색표(檢索表)를 작성 제시(提示)하고 각 속(屬) 및 종(種)들의 분류학적(分類學的) 주요(主要) 형질(形質)을 기재(記載)하면서 이들의 지리적(地理的) 분포(分布)에 대하여 논의(論議)하였다.