• 대한환경공학회지
• /
• 제22권10호
• /
• pp.1869-1879
• /
• 2000

혐기성 소화공정 중 생성되는 주요 중간대사산물인 프로피온산의 분해대사에 대한 연구중 에탄올과의 산화 환원 반응인 coupling 반응으로써 혐기성 소화공정에서 프로피온산 축적을 저감시킬 수 있는 연구를 수행하였다. 따라서, 본 연구는 혐기성 공정에서 프로피온산의 전환에 따른 동력학적 반응과 에탄올과의 상호 반응에 따른 특정기질 선호영향을 모델에 적용하여 살펴보았다. 본 연구는 4단계의 실험으로 수행되었다. 1, 2, 3단계는 각기 다른 기질에 순화된 미생물들을 이용하여 프로피온산 1 g COD/L와 에탄올의 농도를 각각 0, 100, 200, 400과 1,000 mg/L로 주입하여 프로피온산과 에탄올의 혐기성 분해과정을 비교 연구하였으며, 4단계에서는 Glu-MCR과 HPr-MCR의 순화미생물의 혼합비를 조절하여 프로피온산 1 g COD/L를 주입하였을 때의 혐기성 분해를 연구하였다. 본 연구에서는 수정된 경쟁적 모델을 이용하여 특정기질 선호현상을 규명하였고, 에탄올 농도의 증가에 따라 아세트산 형성반응의 $K_{s2}$값의 증가와 메탄화 과정에서의 아세트산 생성 및 분해과정에 해당되는 $K_3$값이 일부 증가하는 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 또한 순화미생물들에 따라 프로피온산과 에탄올의 분해에 미치는 영향이 다른 결과를 얻을 수 있었다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• 제1권4호
• /
• pp.279-284
• /
• 2007

Solar ultraviolet (UV) irradiation leads to distinct changes in the skin connective tissues by degradation of collagen, which is a major structural component in the extracellular matrix. UV irradiation induces the production of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) capable of attacking native fibrillar collagen and responsible for inhibiting the construction of collagenous extracellular matrix. In this study, we attempted to investigate the protective actions of Rubus coreanus ethanol extract (RCE) on the MMP production and the consequent procollagen/collagen degradation in UV-B-irradiated human dermal fibroblasts. The analytical data showed that Rubus coreanus ethanol extract was mostly comprised of cyanidin 3-rutinoside. Pre-treatment of fibroblasts with this extract inhibited UV-B-induced production of MMP-1, MMP-8 and MMP-13 in dose-dependent manners. In addition, Western blot analysis and immunocytochemical staining assay revealed that RCE markedly augmented the cellular levels of procollagen/collagen declined in UV-B-exposed dermal fibroblasts. These results demonstrate that RCE blocks UV-B-induced increase of the collagen degradation by inhibiting MMP production. Thus, RCE may act as an agent inhibiting excessive dermal collagen degradation leading to the skin photoaging.

• 한국식품영양학회지
• /
• 제23권4호
• /
• pp.542-548
• /
• 2010

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Acanthopanax senticosus extracts(ASE) on alcohol administered mice. The administration of Acanthopanax senticosus extracts(60 mg/kg) had beneficial actions toward alcohol degradation in acute alcohol treated mice. In the acute alcohol degradation experiment, serum alcohol concentration were lower 3 and 6 hours after taking ethanol(5 g/kg) in ASE treated mice. The oral administration of ASE showed decreased gastric mucous membrane damage produced in ethanol treated mice. In addition, intraperitoneal(i.p.) administration of ASE showed antiinflammatory effects in inhibition tests of vascular permeability produced by acetic acid. ASE also reduced concentrations of nitric oxide(NO), tumor necrosis alpha(TNF)-${\alpha}$ and interleukin(IL)-6 in macrophages that were activated by LPS. These results demonstrate that Acanthopanax senticosus extracts possesses the potential to stimulate alcohol degradation and inhibit inflammatory effects in mice.

• Journal of Microbiology
• /
• 제33권4호
• /
• pp.322-327
• /
• 1995

Tolerance of Mycobacterium sp. against organic solvents has been induced for the cholesterol side chain degradation by adding chemicals associated with synthesis of fatty acids or alcohols. Biotin of 300 .mu.g/1 and 0.5% aqueous ethanol solution were optima for the enhancement of ethanol tolerance of the microorganism. The induction of ethanol tolerance by biotin was found to be due to increase of degree of unsaturation of the fatty acids in membranous phospholipid of the cell, especially due to increase of oleic acid content. However when 0.5% of ethanol was added for the ethanol tolerance induction, there was an ambiguous correlation between ethanol tolerance and degree of unsaturation of the fatty acids, in spite of the fact that the induction increased the content of unsaturated fatty acids. Addition of 0.5% of ethanol induced several ethanol shock proteins having molecular weight similar to that of heat shock proteins.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
• /
• 제7권3호
• /
• pp.291-296
• /
• 2000

헛개나무 추출물을 이용하여 항산화, 아질산염소거 및 알콜분해 효과 등을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 헛개나무 잎과 과병의 용매별 추출수율을 측정한 결과 잎은 물층, 과병에서는 메탄올층에서 각각 높게 나타났으며, 에탄올 추출물을 헥산, 클로로포름, 에틸아세테이트, 부탄올 및 물과 같은 용매를 이용하여 계통분획한 후 추출수율은 잎과 과병 모두 물분획층에서 높게 나타났다. 메탄올 에탄올, 헥산, 클로로포름 및 물 추출물을 이용하여 항산화 효과 및 아질산염소거 효과를 측정한 결과 에탄올 추출물에서 높은 활성을 나타내었으며, 에탄올 추출물을 계통분획하여 항산화 및 아질산염소거 효과를 측정한 결과 에틸아세테이트 분획층에서 활성이 높게 나타났다. 헛개나무의 부위별 알콜분해효과는 잎과 과병에서 높게 나타났고, 잎과 과병의 알콜분해효과는 시간이 경과함에 따라 증가하였다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
• /
• 제25권2호
• /
• pp.130-136
• /
• 2008

$xTiO_2$-$ySiO_2$ system photocatalysts were developed by sol-gel method based on the change of production parameters, and their structure of crystallization and the specific surface area were measured. Considering the efficiency of the ethanol and phenol degradation using the catalyst, the conclusions were obtained as follows: By means of X-ray analysis of $xTiO_2$-$ySiO_2$ powder that is obtained from Titanium and Silicon alkoxide by sol-gel process, it is shown that crystal structure of anatase type is a dominating structure and, on the other hand, the structure of rutile also partly exists. The increase of $SiO_2$ contents causes the decrease of the degree of crystallization of the gel, whereas the specific surface area preferentially increases. It is shown that more than 90% of ethanol and phenol are degraded when reaction time is about three and an hours, and the maximum degradation rate of ethanol and phenol is shown in $60TiO_2$-$40SiO_2$ catalyst.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• 제37권1호
• /
• pp.2-8
• /
• 2012

The limited durability of resin-dentin bonds severely compromises the longevity of composite resin restorations. Resin-dentin bond degradation might occur via degradation of water-rich and resin sparse collagen matrices by host-derived matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). This review article provides overview of current knowledge of the role of MMPs in dentin matrix degradation and four experimental strategies for extending the longevity of resin-dentin bonds. They include: (1) the use of broadspectrum inhibitors of MMPs, (2) the use of cross-linking agents for silencing the activities of MMPs, (3) ethanol wet-bonding with hydrophobic resin, (4) biomimetic remineralization of water-filled collagen matrix. A combination of these strategies will be able to overcome the limitations in resin-dentin adhesion.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• 제26권5호
• /
• pp.433-438
• /
• 2011

These studies were conducted to investigate the alcohol degradation effects of the extract of herbal composition (DTS20) containing Viscum album L., Lycium chinense L., Inonotus obliquus and Acanthopanax senticosus H., on the alcohol administered mice. To investigate anti-hangover effect, alcohol and alcohol dehydrogensae (ADH) concentration of blood were measured after oral administration of ethanol. The administration of DTS20 (200-500 mg/kg) had beneficial actions toward alcohol degradation in acute alcohol treated mice model. The oral administration of DTS20 showed decreased gastric mucous membrane damage produced in ethanol treated mice. In addition, intraperitoneal administration of DTS20 showed anti-inflammatory effects in inhibition tests of vascular permeability produced by acetic acid. DTS20 also reduced the concentration of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$ in macrophages that were activated by LPS. These results demonstrate that DTS20 possesses potential to stimulate the alcohol degradation and inhibit the inflammatory effects in mice.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제33권4호
• /
• pp.711-715
• /
• 2004

홍국균이 생산하는 색소를 상업적으로 이용하기 위한 기초연구로서 Monascus purpureus CBS 281.34 80% ethanol 가용성 색소의 열 pH, 유기산 존재 시의 안정성을 알아보았다. 또한 ethanol 가용성 색소 추출물에 증류수를 가해 수분 함량이 0∼80%가 되도록 하고 수용성 색소와 함께 저장하면서 이들의 안정성도 검토하였다. 80% ethanol 가용성 홍국색소는 1$0^{\circ}C$의 저온에서 4주간 저장 시 9.74%의 분해율을 보였으나, 60∼8$0^{\circ}C$의 고온에서는 24시간과 12시간 저장 시 각각 23.06%와 30.36%나 분해되어 색소의 안정성은 단기간 내 크게 저하하였다. pH 2와 pH 10에서의 80% ethanol 가용성 색소 분해율은 pH 4∼8보다 높았고, 0.6% citric acid, 6% acetic acid 및 1.5% lactic acid를 가해 pH 4로 조정하여 4주간 저장 시에는 대조구와 대조구와의 차이가 가장 큰 acetic acid 하에서의 분해율과의 차이도 6.08%로 거의 나타나지 않아 80% ethanol 가용성 홍국 색소는 유기산하에서 비교적 안정한 것으로 사료되었다. 또한 ethanol 가용성 색소에 증류수를 가해 저장하면 색소 안정성은 저하하였는데, 색소 분해율은 수분함량 20%에서 가장 높았고 80%에서 가장 낮았다. 한편 수중에서의 ethanol 가용성 색소는 2$0^{\circ}C$보다 1$0^{\circ}C$에서 현저하게 안정하였다.

• 한국펄프종이공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국펄프종이공학회 2011년도 춘계학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.81-91
• /
• 2011

Current fuel ethanol research and development deals with process engineering trends for improving biotechnological production of ethanol. Recently, a large amount of studies regarding the utilization of lignocellulosic biomass as a good feedstock for producing fuel ethanol is being carried out worldwide. The plant biomass is mainly composed of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. The main challenge in the conversion of biomass into ethanol is the complex, rigid and harsh structures which require efficient process and cost effective to break down. The isolation of microorganisms is one of the means for obtaining enzymes with properties suitable for industrial applications. For these reasons, crude cultures containing cellulosic biomass degrading microorganisms were isolated from rice field soil, cow farm soil and rotten rice straw from cow farm. Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), xylan and Avicel (microcrystalline cellulose) degradation zone of clearance on agar platefrom rice field soil resulted approximately at 25 mm, 24 mm and 22 mm respectively. As for cow farm soil, CMC, xylan and Avicel degradation clearancezone on agar plate resulted around at 24mm, 23mm and 21 mm respectively. Rotten rice straw from cow farm also resulted for CMC, xylan and Avicel degradation zone almost at 24 mm, 23 mm and 22 mm respectively. The objective of this study is to isolatebiomass degrading microbial strains having good efficiency in cellulose hydrolysis and observed the effects of different substrates (CMC, xylan and Avicel) on the production of cellulase enzymes (endo-glucanase, exo-glucanase, cellobiase, xylanase and avicelase) for producing low cost biofuel from cellulosic materials.