• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2018.10a
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• pp.99-99
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• 2018

The major aim of this work is the research of secondary metabolites isolated from the aerial parts of Petasites japonicus. The plant material is extracted with a polar solvent, which is 95% by volume methanol at room temperature. The concentrated extract was partitioned as EtOAc, n-BuOH, and $H_2O$ fractions. From the EtOAC and n-BuOH fraction, two bakkenolides and two caffoylquinic acid were isolated using the Diaion HP-20, silica gel, ODS-A, and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies. According to the results of the results of physico-chemical and spectroscopic data including NMR, MS and UV. The chemical structures of the compounds were respectively determined as bakkenolide B (1), bakkenolide D (2), 1,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (3), and 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (4). These results suggest that the compounds isolated from the aerial parts of this plant were almost identical with known components of Petasites japonicus. However, it is necessary to investigate more about the difference of amounts of constituents according to harvest area and time.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.147-155
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• 2008

We present UBV I photometry of the old open cluster NGC 1193. Color-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) of this cluster show a well defined main sequence and a sparse red giant branch. For the inner region of r < 50", three blue straggler candidates are newly found in addition to the objects Kaluzny (1988) already found. The color-color diagrams show that the reddening value toward NGC 1193 is E(B - V ) = $0.19{\pm}0.04$. From the ultraviolet excess measurement, we derived the metallicity to be [Fe/H]= $-0.45{\pm}0.12$. A distance modulus of ${(m\;-\;M)}_0$ = $13.3{\pm}0.15$ is obtained from zero age main sequence fitting with the empirically calibrated Hyades isochrone of Pinsonneault et al. (2004). CMD comparison with the Padova isochrones by Bertelli et al. (1994) gives an age of log t = $9.7{\pm}0.1$.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.320-324
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• 2002

The MeOH extract of Pueraria thunbergiana (Leguminosae) flowers and its fractions were subjected to Ames test to test the antimutagenicity. EtOAc fraction (1 mg/plate) decreased the number of revertants of Salmonella typhymurium TA100 by 95% against aflatoxin $B_1{\;}(AFB_1)$. Phytochemical isolation of the EtOAc fraction afforded four isoflavonoids (tectorigenin, glycitein, tectoridin and glycitin) and one saponin (kaikasaponin III). Though the three isoflavonoids other than tectoridin showed significant antimutagenicity, the activity of kaikasaponin III was the most potent. Kaikasaponin III (1 mg/plate) decreased the number of revertants of S. typhymurium TA 100 by 99% against $AFB_1$ but by 75% against N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG). Tectorigenin (1 mg/plate) inhibited the $AFB_1$-induced mutagenicity by 90% and MNNG-induced one by 76%. Glycitein and glycitin were less active than tectorigenin and kaikasaponin III. This result suggested that kaikasponin III prevents the metabolic activation of $AFB_1$ and scavenge electrophilic intermediate capable of mutation. The two components with potent activities, tectorigenin and kaikasaonin III, significantly prevented the malondialdehyde formation caused by bromobenzene in the rat.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.124-127
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• 2008

The behavior of Penicillium camembertii and Geotrichum candidum growing in submerged pure cultures on simple (glutamate) or complex (peptones) substrates as nitrogen and carbon sources and lactate as a second carbon source was examined. Similar to the behavior previously recorded on a simple substrate (glutamate), a clear differentiation between the carbon source and the energy source was also shown on peptones and lactate during P. camembertii growth, since throughout growth, lactate was only dissimilated, viz., used for energy supply by oxidation into $CO_2$, whereas peptides and amino acids from peptones were used for carbon (and nitrogen) assimilation. Because of its deaminating activity, G candidum preferred peptides and amino acids to lactate as energy sources, in addition to being assimilated as carbon and nitrogen sources. From this, on peptones and lactate, G candidum grew faster than P. camembertii (0.19 and 0.08 g/l/h, respectively) by assimilating the most readily utilizable peptides and amino acids; however, owing to its lower proteolytic activity, the maximum biomass was lower than that of P. camembertii (3.7 and 5.5 g/l, respectively), for which continuous proteolysis and assimilation of peptides were shown.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.383-395
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• 2004

To evaluate the natural environmental conditions of the local areas, the methods using the plant species and plant community are discussed here, Based on Ohba's(1979), Nakanish's(1980a: 1980b), Okuda and Nakamura's(1989), and Haber et al.'s systems(1991), as the evalution-items, 9 in plant species level and 16 in plant community level are proposed. The evalution-items are classified as 3 criteria in plant species level and 4 criteria in plnat community level. The evalution method could be used to promote the spacial planning and to alleviate other administrative problems. Also it could be applied to decide conservation level of plant species and plant community.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.103-105
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• 2015

The 22 m diameter Mopra telescope in Australia is being used to undertake an improved survey of the CO J = 1-0 line at 3mm along the 4th quadrant of the Galaxy, achieving an order of magnitude better spatial and spectral resolution (i.e. 0.6 and 0.1 km/s) than the Dame et al. (2001) survey that is publically available for the Southern Galactic plane. Furthermore, the Mopra CO survey includes the four principal isotopologues of the CO molecule (i.e. $^{12}CO$, $^{13}CO$, $C^{18}O$ and $C^{17}O$). The survey makes use of an 8 GHz-wide spectrometer and a fast mode of on-the-fly mapping developed for the Mopra telescope, where the cycle time has been reduced to just 1/4 of a second. 38 square degrees of the Galaxy, from $l=306-344^{\circ}$, $b=0{\pm}5^{\circ}$ have currently been surveyed, together with additional 9 sq. deg. regions around the Carina complex and the Central Molecular Zone. We present new results from the survey (see also Burton et al., 2013, 2014). The Mopra CO data are being made publically available as they are published; for the latest release see the project website at www.phys.unsw.edu.au/mopraco.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.262-267
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• 2007

During a screening program, an actinomycete strain isolated from the Egyptian soil was investigated for its potential to show antimicrobial activity. The identification of this isolate was performed according to spore morphology and cell wall chemo-type, which suggested that this strain is a streptomycete. Further cultural, physiological characteristics and the analysis of the nucleotide sequence of the 16S rRNA gene (1480 bp) of this isolate indicated that this strain is identical to Streptomyces violaceusniger (accession number EF063682) and then designated S. violaceusniger strain HAL64. In its culture supernatant, this organism could produce one major compound strongly inhibits the growth of Gram-positive but the inhibition of Gram-negative indicator bacteria was lower. The antibiotic was separated by silica gel column chromatography and then purified on a sephadex LH-20 column and finally the purity was checked by HPLC. The chemical structure of the purified compound was determined using spectroscopic analyses (molecular formula of $C_{33}H_{32}N_{2}O_{10}$ and molecular weight of 617.21) and found to be identical to the kosinostatin, a quinocycline antibiotic which is known to be produced by Micromonspora sp. TP-A0468 (Igarashi et al., 2002) and to quinocycline B isolated from Streptomyces aureofaciens (Celmer et al., 1958). Although the antibiotic is known, the newly isolated strain was able to produce the antibiotic as a major product providing an important biotechnological downstream advantage.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.183-191
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• 1995

This experiment was carried out to study the determination of survival of vitrified and thawed mammal follicular oocytes by FDA-test. Oocytes were divided into 3 groups according to attachment of cumulus cell. Group A oocytes were tightly surrounded by cumulus cell, group B oocytes were partially surrounded by cumulus cell, and group C oocytes were poorly surrounded by cumulus cell. Vitrification solution developed by our previous study (Kim et al, 1992) which consisted of permeable agent (20 % glycerol + 10 % ethylene glycol) and nonpermeable agent (30 % Ficoll + 10 % sucrose). Oocytes (7~10) loaded into 0.25 ml straw after 10 min equilibration were plunged into liquid nitrogen (- 196$^{\circ}C$) directly. The FDA-score of vitrified and thawed group A oocytes was higher in rat (4.2) than in rabbit (3.9), cow (3.8), mouse (3.4) and porcine (2.4), however that of cumulus cell was higher in rabbit (4.7) than in rat (4.1), cow (2.9), porcine (2.6) and mouse (1.4). The FDA-score of vitrified and thawed group B oocytes were 3.1 (cow), 2.9 (rabbit), 2.9 (mouse), 2.6 (rat) and 2.5 (porcine), respectively. However that of cumulus cell was higher in rabbit (3.7) than in porcine (2.6), rat (2.3), cow (1.7) and mouse (0.3). The FDA-score of vitrified and thawed group C oocytes was higher in mouse (4.1) than in cow (2.9), rabbit (2.6), rat (1.3) and porcine (1.1). As shown in the above results, The survival rates of oocytes were higher in group A than in group B and C except in mouse and cow. These results suggest that the survival of cumulus cell as well as follicular oocytes can be reliably judged by their fluorescence with FDA-test.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.41-50
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• 1994

We studied an inherent error be caused by a measuring acoustic intensity using probe which can measure simultaneously the three-dimensional acoustic intensity. This three-dimensional intensity probe was constructed with four microphones, proposed by Suzuki et al. . In the computer simulation, we analyzed the nearfield measurement error with arbitary direction and each of axis direction on the ideal point source and the plate sound source which have finite size. From the results, in case of point source, we obtained accurate measurement below about 1dB when the distance of measurement was about 2.5 times with the distance among microphones in this probe. And in the case of plate sound source, the nearfield measurement error was decreased as the length of one side became above 0.02m, we obtained accurate measurement below about 1dB when the length of one side is 0.2m. The nearfield measurement error of finite size sound is small to ignore. Therefore this probe is useful to measure nearfield intensity.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.1359-1367
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• 2005

The gene encoding Pyrobaculum arsenaticum DNA polymerase (Par DNA polymerase) was cloned and sequenced. The gene consists of 2,361 bp coding for a protein with 786 amino acid residues. The deduced amino acid sequence of Par DNA polymerase showed a high similarity to archaeal family B-type DNA polymerases (Group I), and contained all of the motifs conserved in the family B-type DNA polymerases for $3'{\rightarrow}5'$ exonuclease and polymerase activities. The Par DNA polymerase gene was expressed under the control of the T7lac promoter on the expression vector pET-22b(+) in Escherichia coli BL21-CodonPlus(DE3)-RP. The expressed enzyme was purified by heat treatment, and Cibacron blue 3GA and $Hirap^{TM}$ Heparin HP column chromatographies. The optimum pH of the purified enzyme was 7.5. The enzyme activity was activated by divalent cations, and was inhibited by EDTA and monovalent cations. The half-life of the enzyme at $95^{\circ}C$ was 6 h. Par DNA polymerase possessed associated $3'{\rightarrow}5'$ proofreading exonuclease activity, which is consistent with its deduced amino acid sequence. PCR experiment with Par DNA polymerase showed an amplified product, indicating that this enzyme might be useful in DNA amplification and PCR-based applications.