• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.817-820
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• 2006

The Tonpilz transducer is one of the essential elements in active sonar application. The characteristics of transducer depend on the piezoelectric ceramics and mechanical elements such as head mass, tail mass, pre-stress rod and so on. One of the important characteristics is electric and mechanical stability of transducer for long term high power transmitting operation. This parer presents the results about long term endurance tests of the underwater acoustic transducer.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2005년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.244-246
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• 2005

The Tonpiltz transducer is one of the essential elements in sonar application. The characteristics of transducer depend on the piezoelectric ceramics and mechanical elements such as head mass, tail mass, pre-stress rod and so on. One of the important characteristics is stable electric resistance for high power transmitting operation. This paper presents characteristics variation of the underwater acoustic transducer with material variation of electric decoupler.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2013

Recently, as people have more interest in health, and some change takes place in their lifestyles, a demand for environment-friendly residential space is also increasing. Research on the introduction of natural elements is mostly conducted for humans to pursue a more pleasant and comfortable life in residential space since it has one of the closest relation with humans. Therefore, it is such an important assignment at present when environmental problems are considered significant. Based on such a necessity, this study analyzed the introduction types and characteristics of natural elements in residential space by considering essential and psychological aspects more than previous researches on residential space with practical and functional aspects. As natural elements, this study put limits on plants and water that are used a lot in the interior space, and by dividing introduction types into recomposition of courtyard space, spatial partition and decorative elements, this study carried out a case analysis of residential space structures recently completed in Japan. As a basic research on space planning that is desperately required by change in the residential life paradigm and on the basis of understanding about nature, it is expected that the results of this study will be used as design basic data useful when establishing plans of introducing natural elements for residential space in the future.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제35권9호
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• pp.1015-1027
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• 2011

This study analyzes consumer-based apparel design elements and evaluation criteria using qualitative research methodology. Apparel design is one of the most important factors to determine consumer consumption and attitude; however, limited studies have examined them. This study provides essential cues for an apparel industry suffering from dramatically fluid market situations. Based on a qualitative analysis of the focus group interviews, researchers establish three categories (basic elements, elements generated by apparel, and elements experienced by consumer) of apparel design elements that are consistent with nine elements (shape, materials, color, pattern, detail, subsidiary materials, overall image & style, fit, and overall balance). The results provide 137 types of conceptualized apparel design evaluation criteria. They developed 56 initial themes, 23 evolved themes, 23 sub categories, and 12 kinds of theme categories with abstract conceptualization. This study explicates the critical role that consumer-based apparel design is the competitive advantage within the apparel industry.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.153-162
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• 2006

이 연구의 목적은 제7차 교육과정에 의한 중학교 과학 교과서의 화학 단원에 대한 STS (science-technology-society) 교육 내용을 분석하고, 화학 교사들의 STS 교육에 대한 인식을 조사하는데 있다. 연구를 위하여 Yager가 제시한 STS 교육에서의 8개 필수 요소와 SATIS (science and technology in society)에서의 9가지 활동 유형을 분석기준으로 삼았으며, 화학 교사들의 STS 교육에 대한 인식 조사를 위해 면담과 설문지를 병행하였다. 연구 결과에 의하면, 7종의 중학교 과학 교과서들의 화학 단원에 STS 교육 내용이 평균적으로 22.4%가 포함되어 있었으며, STS 교육 내용이 과학의 응용성과 지역 사회와의 연관성에 대한 필수 요소에 편중되어 있었다. 그리고 STS 교육 내용의 학년별 분포는 2학년 과학 교과서에 가장 많았고, 다음으로 1학년 과학 교과서와 3학년 과학 교과서 순서였다. SATIS 활동 유형으로는 실제활동 유형이 가장 많았고, 다음으로 문제해결 및 의사결정과 구조화된 토론 유형의 순서였다. 중등학교 화학 교사들의 STS 교육에 대한 인식 조사에서 STS 교육이 과학교육에 필요한 이유로는 교육의 효율성 측면에서 필요하다는 응답이 가장 많았으며, STS 교육이 필요 없다고 생각하는 이유에 대해서는 적절하고 효율적인 STS 교육 관련 교수-학습 방법이 없기 때문이라는 응답이 가장 많았다. 이러한 연구 결과로 볼 때, 중학교 과학 교과서의 STS 교육 내용이 필수 요소 2개에 편중되어 있기 때문에 이를 보완하는 작업과 더불어 다양한 활동 유형을 가진 중학교 과학 교과서들을 마련해야 할 필요가 있다. 또한, STS 교육 관련 교수-학습 방법의 개발을 통하여 STS 교육의 효율성을 높일 필요가 있는 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.145-152
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• 2005

Long-term axial shortening of the vertical elements of tail buildings results in differential movements between two elements and may lead to the additional moments of connection beam and slab elements, and other secondary effects, such as cracks of partitions or curtain walls. Accurate prediction of time-dependent column shortening is essential for tall buildings from both strength and serviceability aspects. The compensation method is different from reinforced concrete and SRC(Steel Reinforced Concrete) members. The SRC columns are usually compensated according to total differential shortening between two vertical elements. In this study, column shortenings of 37-story W building under construction are predicted and compensated. The SRC column shortenings are compared with the actual column shortening by field measurement and the column shortenings are reanalysed and recompensated.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제11권sup1호
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• pp.117-126
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• 2008

Trace elements compose a very small portion of the body, however they have a variety of essential functions. Various diseases are caused by trace element deficiencies, and sometimes they can be fatal. Long-term TPN is a risk factor of trace element deficiency, and trace elements need to be checked regularly while receiving TPN. It is important to provide sufficient requirements of trace elements regarding the clinical features and the problems of trace element excess or deficiency. Moreover extensive studies to establish the efficiency of examining human hair and nails, recent method to determine the trace elements, are required.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.39-51
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to establish the theory of the spatial composition that is 'The Structure of Relation' in Korean traditional houses. This study has been focused on the spatial composition of Hyangdan. The form composition is an element defining primitive functions and space and producing aesthetical effects, where 'quality as a substance' is not important but 'quality as a relation' is essential. Quality as a meaningful relationship comes from realization and regulation of visual attributes among form elements. Each form compositional element establishes the hierarchical structure logically with the entire order, In order for the quality of all form compositional elements to be clarified as a meaningful relationship logically, 'compositional concept' which combines a series of form elements into the grammatical dependence to a specific direction, has to be assumed. If the intrinsic relationship among a series of form compositional elements fails to confront with the 'contextual concept' which eventually indicates unique conditions for a place according to the refined compositional concept, the result of form composition never leads to a specific solution

• 자원환경지질
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.245-260
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• 1991

Surficial dispersion patterns of heavy metals and toxic elements (U, Mo, Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, Co, Cr, V, Ni, Pb, and Cd) were investigated in the Dukpyungri, Goesan area covered with low grade uranium-bearing black shales. Maximum abundance of U in the black shale was 455ppm. Radioactivity was counted at a maximum of 7cps in black shales, and was less than 0.5cps in shales, slates, and oil shales of the control areas. Enrichment of Mo, V, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb in black shales is particularly characteristic compared with shales, slates, and oil shales of the control areas, whereas contents of Mn, Cr, Co, and Th in all rock samples tend to be almost similar. Residual top soils (0~15cm depth) over black shales show high contents of Mo, Cu, Zn, Ni, Cd, and V in comparison with the control areas. Contents of trace elements in subsoils (15~30cm depth) were higher about one and half times than those in topsoils. Average contents of Mo, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd and V in garden soil and playground soil of an elementary school in Dukpyungri, Goesan area, were high about two to fifteen times compared with the control areas. Contents of trace elements in stream sediments were higher from two to eight times than those in residual soils. Sodium, AI, K, V, Cr, and Fe were more enriched in the roots of pine than in the twigs of pine. Contents of Li, AI, V, Ni, Cd, Fe, and Co were higher in the roots of azalea than in the twigs of azalea. Enrichment of P, Ca, and Mg was remarkable in the twigs of both pine and azalea. Biological absorption coefficients for essential elements (Zn, P, Mn, Ca and K)tend to be high, whereas those for the non-essential elements.(Ba, Ti, V, and Mo) and toxic elements(Cr, Co, Pb and Ni) be low. Less mobile elements (Pd, Cd, and Co) tend to show anomalies with higher contrast than more mobile elements(Mo, V, Zn, Cu and Ni) in the area covered with black shales.

• 지식경영연구
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.15-35
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• 2022

가상현실과 증강현실 기술들이 발전하며 현실 세계와 같은 몰입감을 제공하는 디지털 세상인 메타버스가 빠르게 성장하고 있다. 네이버, 페이스북 (메타), NVIDIA 등과 같은 IT기업들은 혁신적인 기술들을 개발하여 메타버스 플랫폼과 관련 제품들을 시장에 출시하고 있다. 하지만 다수의 글로벌 빅테크 기업이 공격적으로 투자하는 새로운 비즈니스임에도 불구하고, 시장의 기대에 비해 아직 뚜렷한 실적은 나오지 않고 있으며, 사용자 수의 증가 속도도 점차 더뎌지고 있는 실정이다. 이는 메타버스 플랫폼을 디자인하고 출시할 때부터 어떻게 이 생태계를 성장시키고, 다양한 구성원들과 구성요소들을 조화롭게 운영할 것인지에 대한 고민과 이해가 부족했기 때문이라고 볼 수 있다. 이러한 문제의 해결책을 제안하기 위해서, 본 연구에서는 수천 년부터 세상의 운행 논리와 이치를 이해하기 위해 만들어진 주역의 음양오행론을 도입, 메타버스 플랫폼이 가진 두 가지의 중요한 공간인 온라인과 오프라인을 양선(兩線)으로 정의하고, 플랫폼을 구성하는 다섯 가지의 중요한 요소들을 정의하여 양선오요소(兩線五要素)이론을 제안하고자 한다. 또한, 요소들의 상생(相生)과 상극(相剋)의 개념을 통해 어떻게 플랫폼을 디자인하고, 운영해 나가야 하는지에 대한 이론적 렌즈를 제공하고자 한다.