• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.23 no.1 s.97
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• pp.33-40
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• 2007

This study investigated the antioxidative and antimicrobial activities of nutmeg (water, ethanol extract and essential oil). The total phenol contents of water, ethanol extract and essential oil were 3.4%, 16.9%, and 3.2%, respectively. Hydrogen donating abilities of water, ethanol extract and essential oil at 1,000 ppm were 4.9%, 41.8% and 6.8%, respectively. The antioxidative activities in linoleic acid substrates were in the order of BHT > ethanol > extract > ${\alpha}$-tocopherol > essential oil > water extract. The antioxidative activities in linoleic acid emulsion substrates were in the order of BHT > water extract > essential oil > ethanol extract > ${\alpha}$-tocopherol. In antimicrobial activity, ethanol extract showed growth inhibition effect against Micrococcus luteus, Bacillus cereus and Salmonella enteritidis, and the essential oil showed growth inhibition effect against Micrococcus luteus. However, no antimicrobial activity of water extract was observed. The nitrite-scavenging abilities of water, ethanol extract and essential oil at 1,000 ppm were 4.5%, 28.8% and 98.8%, respectively, and the ACE inhibitory activities were 0.2%, 11.0% and 10.0%, respectively.

• Plant Resources
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.183-187
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• 2003

Two kinds of Angelica belong to Umbelliferae collected, the one is Angelica gigas that is inhabitant in Korea and the other is Angelica acutiloba that is indigenous in Japan at the field of Snyder Research and Extension Farm Rutgers University, New Jersey and was analyszed by GC and GC/MS. The composition of the essential oil of the different aerial parts of the Angelica has been studied. The oil yields obtained upon hydrodistillation were 0.18% (v/w) in Korean Angelica and 0.44% (v/w) in Japanese Angelica on dry root weight basis. By the growing stage in the Rutgers greenhouse condition, leaf and root of essential oil content a little decreased on 9 months later than 4 months later except for Angelica gigas leaf. Both of Angelica showed that amounts of essential oil content presented in order of leaf > petiole > root according to different plant part. The analysis of the essential oil from Angelica root led to the identification of 14 constituents totaling 64% in Korean Angelica and 13 constituents totaling 68% in Japanese Angelica. The major constituents of the Angelica root essential oil were ligustilide (47 %) and gamma terpi (14 %) in Korean Angelica, and alpha pinei (32 %) and nonane (25 %) in Japanese Angelica

• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.22-29
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• 2002

Essential hypertension is considered to be caused by a complicated combination of genetic and environmental factors. Alterations of lipid metabolism in plasma have been reported to be related to an increased risk of essential hypertension. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between two genetic polymorphisms (Pvu II and Hind III RELPs) of the human lipoprotein lipase (LPL) gene and essential hypertension in korean population. In our result the Pvu II RFLP of LPL gene was significantly associated with essential hypertension (P < 0.05). Therefore, we suggest that the Pvu II RFLP of LPL gene may be useful as a genetic marker for essential hypertension in Korean population.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.87-90
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• 2000

Essential hypertension is a multifactorial disease, and has been shown to be associated with insulin resistance. The relationship between the genetic variation of the insulin receptor (INSR) gene and essential hypertension In Korean population was investigated by the Nsi 1 restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) pattern of this gene. The observed genotype frequencies of INSR gene were not deviated from those expected for the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE), but a significant association was observed between essential hypertension and N1 allele of Nsi 1 RFLP at the INSR gene ($X^2$-test; P<0.05). Moreover, the frequency of N1 allele was significantly different between normotensives and essential hypertensives in subgroups that were not obese ($X^2$-test; P<0.05). These data suggest that the Nsil RFLP of INSR gene may be a useful genetic marker for essential hypertension in Korean population.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.281-288
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• 2007

Tremor is a rhythmic, involuntary muscular contraction characterized by oscillations (to-and-fro movements) of a part of the body. Essential tremor is a 6-8 Hz tremor that is of variable amplitude. It is aggravated by posture and movement and relieved by rest and alcohol. Most affected part are the arms, head and vocal apparatus. The purpose of this study is to show a case of tremor patient with essential tremor improved by oriental medical treatment. The patient was 71-year-old woman who featured essential tremor and at the same time complained general body weakness, nausea, and anorexia. She was treated by oriental medicine with acupuncture, herb medication, and Korean psychotherapy; Eejeong-byunki, Jiun-goron. The features of essential tremor was reduced after taking oriental medical therapy. This result suggested that the oriental medical therapy can be effective for treating essential tremor.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.124-141
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• 2020

Objectives: Several toxins and molecules are able to damage the liver, causing the hepato-toxicity. This disorder can be protected naturally, by some essential oils obtained from different plants. In this review we are cited some of these compounds that have been tested by their hepatoprotective effect. Methods: We reviewed 83 articles published between 1981 and 2018 in English via three databases Sciencedirect, Springer and PubMed. So, we have used the keywords: Hepatoprotective effect, liver disease, plants and essential oils. Results and conclusion: In this work, we classified the plants; contain the essential oils, in alphabetical order as a table containing the scientific, family names, information plants, the experimental assay and the results obtained from the hepatoprotective studies. We have described 27 species belonging to 12 families: Lamiaceae (7 species), Asteraceae (6 species), Umbellifereae (3 species), Apiaceae (3 species) are the main families which enclose the species that was studied. The study also includes the major compounds isolated from some of these essential oils. The most of those compounds belong to terpene class essentially cineol, carvacrol and thymol. Thus, the different essential oils that have been cited in this review were shown that have an antioxidant activity.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.59 no.2
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• pp.4.1-4.5
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• 2017

Background: Biofilms were the third-dimensional structure in the solid surface of bacteria. Bacterial biofilms were difficult to control by host defenses and antibiotic therapies. Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Salmonella were popular pathogenic bacteria that live in human and animal intestines. Essential oils are aromatic oily liquids from plant materials and well known for their antibacterial activities. Method: This study was conducted to determine effect of essential oil on anti-biological biofilm formation of E. coli and Salmonella strains in in vitro experiment. Two kinds of bacterial strains were separated from 0.2 g pig feces. Bacterial strains were distributed in 24 plates per treatment and each plates as a replication. The sample was coated with a Bacterial biofilm formation was. Result: Photographic result, Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Salmonella bacteria colony surface were thick smooth surface in control. However, colony surface in blended and single essential oil treatment has shown crack surface layer compared with colony surfaces in control. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study could confirm that essential oils have some interesting effect on anti-biofilm formation of E. coli and Salmonella strains from pig feces.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.70-75
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• 2013

The present study was designed to determine the effect of the Sandalwood Essential Oil (Santalum album) on pro-inflammatory factors such as NO, iNOS expression and IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, TNF-${\alpha}$ in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) - stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages cells. The cell toxicity was determined by MTS assay. To evaluate of anti-inflammatory effect of Sandalwood Essential Oil, amount of NO was measured using the NO detection kit and the iNOS expression was measured by western blot analysis and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). And proinflammatory cytokines were measured by ELISA kit. As a result, Sandalwood Essential Oil reduced NO, iNOS expression and IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, TNF-${\alpha}$ production without cytotoxicity. Our results suggest that the Sandalwood Essential Oil may have an anti-inflammatory property through suppressing inflammatory mediator productions and appears to be useful as an anti-inflammatory oil.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.224-232
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• 2021

This study investigated the volatile flavor composition of essential oils extracted from Synurus deltoides (Arr.) Nakai. The essential oils extracted from the aerial parts of plants by the hydrodistillation extraction method were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and GC-mass spectrometry. Ninety-six (98.76%) volatile flavor compounds were identified in the essential oil extracted from fresh leaves of S. deltoides (Arr.) Nakai. The major compounds were 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone (19.91%) and phytol (12.38%). Ninety-seven (97.81%) volatile flavor compounds were identified in the essential oil extracted from shade-dried leaves of S. deltoides (Arr.) Nakai. The major compounds were phytol (51.71%), di(6-methylhept-2-yl) phthalate (7.66%), and 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone (4.23%). Quantitative variations of 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone, phytol and di(6-methylhept-2-yl) phthalate according to different state of S. deltoides (Arr.) Nakai can serve as a quality index of essential oils used in the food industry.

• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.72-76
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• 2001

Essential hypertension is a heterogeneously multifactorial disease in which blood pressure is harmfully high without overt cause. Both genetic and environmental factors have been implicated in its etiology. In view of the regulatory role of this peptide in the carbohydrate metabolism and renin-angiotensin system, amylin gene has been proposed to a candidate gene for essential hypertension. Therefore, we scanned the amylin gene for mutations in 133 Korean normotensives and 61 essential hypertensives by single-strand conformational polymorphism, and found a single heterozygous S20G missense mutation. However, no significant difference was observed between normotensives and essential hypertensives in the distribution of allele and genotype frequencies of this mutation at the amylin gene (P>0.05). This finding suggests that S20G missense mutation of the amylin gene are unlikely to contribute to the etiology of essential hypertension in the Korean population.