• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.49-59
• /
• 2023

In accordance with the revision of "Special act on the safety control of publicly used establishments", this study is aim to measure the change in evacuation time due to whether safety facilities, etc. are installed of a room escape cafe business and kids cafe business(hereinafter referred to as "New publicly used establishments"), which were added as new targets of the publicly used business from June 8, 2022. In the case of new publicly used establishments or publicly used establishments whose owners are changed after the revision of the relevant laws, safety facilities, etc. are installed and maintained under the "Special act on the safety control of publicly used establishments", but in the case of existing businesses that have been operating even before the revision of the law, the business continues without safety facilities, etc. installed because the revised law is not retroactively applied. The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze the change in evacuation time by measuring the evacuation time to operating before the revision of the law to simulate evacuation at existing new publicly used establishments without safety facilities, etc. and measure the evacuation time at new publicly used establishments with safety facilities after the revision of the law

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
• /
• v.25 no.6
• /
• pp.35-44
• /
• 2021

The PR (Photo Resist) process in the semiconductor process is a process that uses a mixture of flammable substances. Due to the process equipment is installed in a clean room and when flammable substances leak, there is a high risk of suffocation, fire, and explosion. It is necessary to analyze the impact of accidents that may occur during operation and to evaluate whether the safety of workers can be guaranteed. In this study, the value of radiant heat and temperature change at the monitor point set up virtual inside the clean room was confirmed through CFD simulation of 10 leak and fire scenarios using the FLACS CFD - Fire Module. A fire that occurs inside a clean room transfers high radiant heat to the inter-story structure, but its scope is quite limited, and it is unlikely that it will collapse in a single fire accident. There was no scenario in which two stairs leading to the exit were exposed to high radiant heat at the same time due to a fire accident, therefore workers were able to escape in case of a fire. In addition, it was confirmed that the level of radiant heat and temperature rise rapidly decreased as they moved downstairs. According to the API 520 standard, workers exposed to 6.31 kW/m² of radiant heat that workers can withstand for 30 seconds were confirmed that it was possible to sufficiently escape from the inside.

• Fire Science and Engineering
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 2000

With the "Fire Protection Building Plan" of the Building Center of Japan as a sample, actual evacuation plans used for large scaled and multi-storied buildings are analyzed. Sufficient number of samples were classified into 6 categories. For room evacuation, time to pass through the exit was the most critical point for larger spaces and movement time in the room was the key for smaller evacuation object zone and less number of evacuees. Seen from the location of fire breakout point, it was witnessed that the numbers of crowding at the exits of the fire escape staircase are serious for floor level evacuation. For vertical traffic line, it was actually proved that time to fire escaping floor is problem of higher buildings. It was also proved that special evacuation methods are in practical use in many buildings in japan.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
• /
• 2007.11a
• /
• pp.1817-1823
• /
• 2007

In this study, we have studied rail infrastructure related to emergency action to manage the risk when emergency caused by faults of facility or rail vehicle during operation happens. Especially we have compared the effect of emergency action with examining the structure of vehicle, tunnel, bridge and access road, etc which are related to emergency action. Also, we have tried to analyze effects of radio and communication equipment, lifesaving and refuge which could be used for rolling stock, station, control room, tunnel, bridge and etc, and we have presented the way of reporting the emergency to the train driver or crew, control room, outside networks which could be used by passengers in vehicle, station, railroad line. Based on these, we have analyzed the conduct of emergency action in length of time when emergency happens in railway and high-speed railway, and studied the method of which passengers could be guided safely and escape from the scene of the accident.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.67-75
• /
• 2012

Because recently(July 14, 2011) fire occurred in the engine room of a moving taxi under Namsan Tunnel 1, 51 vehicles' driver and more than 250 passengers in the road tunnel were urgently evacuated with abandoned vehicles. Vehicle fires in Namsan Tunnel that day, Sufferers struggled to escape quickly difficult to escape the two-way by abandoned vehicles on the road and to fear many casualties by using vehicle fuel and combustible interior and the driver who is ignorant of vehicle accident continuous entered in the road tunnel had accessibility the site of fire department was more difficult. In this study, It is to investigate structure and basic materials, such as fire extinguish equipment and facilities for damage prevention and to analyze the problems and to plan improvement method of fire extinguish equipment, facilities for damage prevention and transportation facilities(Large traffic signs, Breaker, etc.) on the Namsan Tunnel that in the long-term plan is prepared to strengthen for accessibility of the site of fire department in case of Vehicle's fire.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
• /
• v.46 no.4
• /
• pp.466-475
• /
• 2010

This study intends to present a direction for the better reforming of fishers'onboard living conditions and proposals for preparing for ratification of the Work in Fishing Convention by means of making a comparison between standards on recent national fishing vessel accommodation facilities and standards on the Work in Fishing Convention and Its Recommendation, 2007, ILO. For the most part of standards on national fishing vessel accommodation facilities are somewhat insufficient to satisfy the provisions in Annex III of the Convention. Considering by items on fishing vessel accommodation facilities, the standards on insect protector, noise and vibration, heating and air conditioning, lighting, persons per sleeping room, recreational facility are not provided in national law. Headroom, separation of accommodation, sleeping room floor area, mattress size, mess room, galley and food storage are partially sufficient for the Convention. In case of sanitary facilities, national standards are not sufficient for the Convention. The other side, facilities related safety of ship and crew such as emergency escape etc., are fully sufficient for the Convention. These insufficiencies caused by different types of fishing vessel depend on originality of fishing method and practices. In the comparison between equivalent tonnage about vessel's length on convention and calculated tonnage of national existing fishing vessel, the difference are 226tons about length 24m and 501tons about length 45m. For that reason, headroom, persons per sleeping room, cabin of sicker and injured, sanitary facilities may decide to use gross tonnage in place of length (L) and the alleviating measure basis of convention. But in case of standards on sanitary facilities which are unsufficient for the Convention, specially in coastal fishing vessel length basis should be adopted with alleviating basis for less than length 24m.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
• /
• v.21 no.12
• /
• pp.703-714
• /
• 2009

One of the biggest problems in smoke control systems for high-rise buildings is stack effect, but there are no recognized methods or measures to solve the problem of stack effect as yet. The stack effect can be overcome by forming the uprising current inside the stair hall properly, but there is a limit to the height in supplying into the stair hall the smoke control air volume to be supplied to a floor in case of escape from fire. The limit to the height can be extended by over-coming the stack effect by pressurizing the stair hall and the ancillary room simultaneously. It can also be anticipated that the stack effect can be overcome by connecting the air supply shaft to the stair hall at the top. As a result of computer simulations using a network type of tool, it is found that adequate performance can be achieved by pressurizing the stair hall only for a building of 190m or less, and up to 360m when pressurizing the stair hall and the ancillary room simultaneously. In all those cases, however, an overpressure venting damper is required which operates within a suitable range for venting the overpressure outside.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
• /
• 1997.11a
• /
• pp.413-422
• /
• 1997

Fire characteristics of a typical apartment building in Korea was studied through full scale experiment and zone model simulation. The fire was ignited at the living room and allowed to spread to other parts of a single unit in a five storied apartment building. Various data including temperatures, species concentrations, and images were collected in the experiment. A zone model(CFAST) was used to analyze the same apartment building that represents the average households in Korea. The results were compared with a full scale experiments. While CFAST allows one compartment involved with fire, the experiment allowed the fire to spread to other compartments. Therefore, the comparison between experimental data and Zone-Model data is valid until the living-room fire spread to other parts of the apartment. Flashover occurred at approximately 380 seconds in a fire experiment, and at approximately 420 seconds in Zone-Model. Based on all of data between experimental data and Zone-Model data, it is concluded that the safe escape time is about 250 seconds.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.7 no.6
• /
• pp.1433-1448
• /
• 2013

This study presents empirical evidence of the benefit of viewing narrative video clips on embedded virtual reality (VR) websites of hotels to relieve travel anxiety. As the effectiveness of using VR functions to relieve travel anxiety has been shown, we proposed that a VR website enhanced with narrative video clips could relieve travelers' anxiety about accommodations by showing the important aspects of a hotel. Thus, we created a website with a narrative video showing the escape route from a hotel room and another narrative video showing the surrounding neighborhood. We then conducted experiments by having human subjects explore the enhanced VR website and fill out a questionnaire. The results confirmed our hypothesis that there is a statistically significant relationship between relief from travel anxiety and the use of narrative videos on embedded VR websites of hotels.

• Fire Science and Engineering
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.14-20
• /
• 2000

Many pressurization systems are designed and built with the goal of providing a smoke-free escape route in the event of a building fire. A secondary objective is to provide a smoke-free staging area for fire fighters. In the present study, a computer program is developed to calculate pressure loss and flow rate at several building elements such as a room, a ]tabby a staircase and an air supply shaft. By the program as the dosing tool for the pressurization system, the capacity of the injection fan is calculated, and the design method is proposed for the optimization of the fan capacity.