• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.99.2-99.2
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• 2014

We investigate how a solar eruption occurs in an environment where a solar wind exists during a pre-eruptive phase. To understand it, we have performed three-dimensional simulations based on a zero-beta magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations in various ways to drive an eruption with a solar wind. A pre-eruptive state is derived by applying a nonlinear force-free reconstruction method to a flux emergence full MHD simulation. We discuss what is the most appropriate way to drive a solar wind-related eruption.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Esthetic Dentistry
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.39-42
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• 2003

Mandibular permanent lateral incisors showing bilateral transposition and ectopic eruption were seen beside deciduous first molars in a female aged 8yr 8month. Repositioning of the ectopic lateral incisor is difficult not only because of its distal displacement and severe rotation but also because of the potential development of transposition with the erupting canine. This paper is focused on the diagnosis of the ectopic eruption and advocates treatment with active orthodontic management at the early stage of mixed dentition, before the eruption of the permanent cuspid.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.25 no.11 s.222
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• pp.1069-1077
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• 1987

Two brothers aged 15 1/6 and 12 2/3 years were diagnosed as Class I malocclusion with ectopic eruption of the upper left central incisor in the elder brother and etopic eruption in the upper right second premolar in the younger. All 4 second molars were extracted at the same time in both brothers. The treatment results were as follows. 1. In the elder brother, the third molars were fully erupted and their angulations were excellent at 3 years post-treatment. 2. In the younger brother, the lower right third molar was mesially erupted and upper third molars were still undergoing eruption at 3 years post-treatment. 3. Assessment of panex films of both brothers at aged 15 showed an earlier eruption of the third molars in the younger brother. 4. A longer post-treatment supervision of the third molars was required in the younger brother. 5. The facial probiles were enhanced and the ectopic eruptions were corrected in both brothers.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.53-63
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• 1979

To Study the eruption pattern of the mandibular second permanent molar, the author took 425 cases of Oblique Cephalogram from 6 to 13 years old children and observed the vertical and mesiodistal directional change and tooth axis change. The following results were obtained. : 1. The eruption pattern of the mandibular second permanent molar was changed at about 10.0~10.1 ages or calcification stage IX. 2. At the early stage, the path of eruption of the mandibular second parmanent molar directed upward and forward and after calcification stage IX it changed to the direction of upward. 3. At the early stage, the distance from the distal end of the mandibular first permanent molar to the anterior portion of the ascending ramus was 0.9~1.0 times larger than the mesio-distal diameter of the mandibular second molar, but at the later stage it was increased 1.4 times larger than the mesio-distal diameter of the mandibular second permanent molar.

• Korean journal of dermatology
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• v.56 no.10
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• pp.651-653
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• 2018

• The Journal of Korea Assosiation for Disability and Oral Health
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.105-111
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• 2010

Objective : To report eruption of maxillary canine through Bio-$Oss^{(R)}$ graft in patients with secondary bone-grafted alveolar clefts. Methods : Secondary alveolar bone grafts placed in the cleft alveolar defect have been shown to support dental eruption through the graft and may further affect the prevalence of impacted teeth. As the case may be, it could be difficult to do secondary alveolar bone graft with autologous bone. In particular, few reports have been shown the secondary bone graft with heterogenous bone(Bio-$Oss^{(R)}$). In this report, the eruption of canine into bone-grafted alveolar clefts was recorded as panoramic, occlusal radiographs, in 3 patients grafted with Bio-$Oss^{(R)}$ Results : Like autologous bone graft, the canine was erupted and developed into the cleft alveolar defect through Bio-$Oss^{(R)}$ graft. Conclusion : In some cases that autologous bone graft is not available, we can consider heterogenous bone graft into the cleft alveolar defect for dental development and eruption of impacted teeth.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.406-411
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• 2004

Inverted Impaction of the permanent maxillary central incisor is rare. The causes of impaction are trauma and periapical inflammation of primary maxillary incisor teeth. Treatment options for a inverted incisor is extraction, surgery and orthodontic traction, transplantation, and spontaneous eruption guidance. Treatment depends on the incisor's root development and the space available for eruption. If root development is immature, prognosis would be good. We reported successful treatment for inverted maxially central incisor of proper eruption and normal root development by correction of a eruption route. But further observation will be required to evaluate the final root development state and amount of at tachment gingiva.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.305-323
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• 2012

The ocean's response to the Pinatubo and 1259 volcanic eruptions was investigated using an ocean general circulation model equipped with an energy balance model. Volcanic eruptions release gases into the atmosphere which increases the aerosol optical depth and acts to reduce the incoming short-wave radiation. For example, there was a huge volcanic eruption (Pinatubo) in 1991 which reduced the global mean radiative forcing by about 3 W $m^{-2}$. Two numerical experiments were simulated. The first experiment features the Pinatubo eruption and the second experiment simulates the much larger volcanic eruption that occurred in 1259 when the radiative forcing was reduced by 7 times compared to the Pinatubo event. With the reduced radiative forcing due to the Pinatubo eruption at about 3 W $m^{-2}$ and 1259 eruption at about 21 W $m^{-2}$, the global mean sea surface temperature (SST) decreased to its lowest in the second year after each event by about $0.4^{\circ}C$ and $1.6^{\circ}C$, respectively. Sea surface salinity (SSS) increased substantially in the northern North Pacific, northern North Atlantic, and the Southern Ocean. The reduced SST together with SSS increased ocean convection, which yielded an increase in North Atlantic Deep Water, Antarctic Bottom Water, and North Pacific Intermediate Water production and their outflows. The increase in overturning circulation eventually increased the pole-ward ocean heat fluxes. In conclusion, huge volcanic eruptions perturb the ocean substantially and their hallmarks last for more than a decade, confirming the importance of volcanic eruptions in illustrating the decadal-climate variability recorded in the paleoclimate proxy data for the past million years.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.242-248
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• 1994

Postherpetic neuralgia is frequently painful, incapacitating, mood depressing, and sometimes lifelong. We investigated the influence of duration from eruption to nerve blocks in conjunction with patients age on analgesic and preventive effect for postherpetic neuralgia. We retrospectively evaluated 50 outpatient medical records for the above T4 dermatome. Patients had been referred to pain clinic and were treated over 2weeks from Jan. 1988 to Dec. 1993. Fifty patients were divided into 4 groups as follows: Group I (a): less than 4weeks from eruption to nerve block and younger than 65 years old. Group I (b): less than 4weeks from eruption to nerve block and older than 65 years old. Group II (a): more than 4weeks from eruption to nerve block and younger than 65 years old. Group II(b): more than 4weeks from eruption to nerve block and older than 65 years old. Mean number of stellate ganglion blocks were 29.7. Tramadol, amitriptyline, nicardipine were most commonly prescribed. Group I (a): had the most improvement rate(77.8%) as compared with other group(46.6, 52.7, 56.0%). Number of patients who complained of severe pain (VAS > 5) were 0, 3(39%), 2(15.4%), 5(30%) in I (a), I (b), II (a), II (b) group respectively. In conclusion, analgesic effect was best in cases of patients younger than 65 years old whose treatment were started within 4 weeks of eruption. Patients older than 65 yrs, analgesic effect did not vary on the timing of treatment.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.644-651
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• 1999

It is a relatively common clinical experience to see an unerupted maxillary central incisor. This phenomenon is apparent at the dental age of almost eight years and over. Among the possible cause for failure of eruption, ectopic development of the tooth germ is mentioned. This is not fully understood but trauma or periapical imflammation of primary predecessors is accepted. The case with no history of trauma may be impacted by the periapical imflammation of primary predecessors. For bringing into the tooth eruption and the continued normal root developement by the Hertwig's epithelial root sheath, there are early considered of surgical invention and orthodontic traction with removable appliance. We reported successful treatment for inverted maxillary central incisor with proper eruption and normal root developement by forced eruption using removable appliance. But further observation will be required to evaluate the final root developement state and amount of keratinized attachment gingiva.