• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.414-423
• /
• 1973

Before the modern education was introduced in Korea men had the opportunity to be educated. Women's education was limited to a small number of girls belonging to ruling class. It was the men who got a job to earn the money for the family. The customary law prohibited women from being employed. They were to stay at home engaged in household affairs. This phenomenon has undergone a change when modern education was adopted which gave women the equal opportunity in education. The modernization of the country required a lot of educated and skilled labour. Since 1945 when Korea was liberated from the Japanese colonial administration the modernization programme has been worked out in every field such as industry, education, culture and politics, etc. The traditional grand family was transformed to nuclear family. The migration took place from country to town. With the adoption of compulsory education in the primary school the schoolgirls are increased in great number. The number of girls has been increased every year in Middle Schools, High schools and Universities. Even if boys still outnumber girls in all education institutions, the rate of increase of girl students are higher than that of boy students. Accordingly women are given more opportunity than ever for the employment vis-a-vis men. The number of employed women has been increasing greatly in recent years inproportion to the acceleration of industrialization. The type of their job is also various and colorful ranging from factory worker to doctor and lawyer. There are some problems to be solved with respect to the improvement of women's education. The improved women's education should be reviewed light of the fact that inequality still exists between men and women in occupation and wages, and that women is required of good education contributable to the better Korean society.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.75-91
• /
• 1973

It is a general trend in the world that female workers are drastically increasing due to the facts that highly developed capitalism requires women's job, women are inspired to work, housewives can shorten their working hours for house-keeping and save their energy from their routine works, educational expenses of their children become larger, large among of modities has stimulated purchasing desire. Since the International Treaty on Prohibition of Female's Night Labor was agreed at the Bern's Conference in 1906, the International Labor Organization (I.L.O.) established after the World War II, has adopted innumerable international labor treaties. According to the laws of the advanced countries, the first priority of their protection has been placed on juvenile and female workers. The legal protection of female workers and equal treatments such as wage and promotion between men and women have become important world problems. In this thesis, the great principle of the Labor Standard Law, protection regarding working house, risk and harm in performance of jobs, protection of mother-workers, protection of women workers in advanced countries and the present status of welfare facilities for women workers in our country will be studied. The most important points this thesis has placed stress and appealed, are as follows : 1. The scope and variety of women workers' jobs should be broadened. 2. Opportunity for promotion should be guaranteed for women workers based upon the ability and capacity of individual woman worker. 3. Equal wage principle between men and women workers, should be established based upon the idea that men and women should be equal. 4. The age limit or marriage limit of employment applied only to female workers, should be abrogated. 5. The ability of middle and old aged women workers should be developed and utilized to the maximum extent. 6. Welfare facilities for women workers, should be urgently secured and guaranteed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computational and Applied Mathematics Conference
• /
• 2003.09a
• /
• pp.10-10
• /
• 2003

Option pricing theory developed by Black and Sholes depends on an arbitrage opportunity argument. An investor can exactly replicate the returns to any option on that stock by continuously adjusting a portfolio consisting of a stock and a riskless bond. The value of the option equal the value of the replicating portfolio. However, transactions costs invalidate the Black-Sholes arbitrage argument for option pricing, since continuous revision implies infinite trading, Discrete revision using Black-Sholes deltas generates errors which are correlated with the market, and do not approach zero with more frequent revision when transactions costs are included. Stochastic calculus serves as a fundamental tool in the mathematical finance. We closely look at the utility maximization theory which is one of the main option valuation methods. We also see that how the stochastic optimal control problems and their solution methods are applied to the theory.

• Korea journal of population studies
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.163-195
• /
• 1999

이 글은 '강력한 남성 부양자'국가로서 90년대 일본사회가 제시한 여성노동력에 대한 사회적 보호정책을 살펴보고 평가하는데 그 목적이 있다. 논의의 초점은 크게 3가지로 구분되는데 어머니로서는 보육정책을, 노동자로서는 노동정책을, 부인으로서는 사회보장 정책에 대한 논의가 그것이다. 보육정책의 경우 급격한 소자녀와 추세에 따라서 94년에 도입된 "엔젤 플랜"의 성격을 소개하였다. 노동정책은 99년 4월 실시된 개정 '노기법', 균등법', 휴업법' 내용을 다루었다. 정책내용에 담겨 있는 성이 여성의 규정방식을 평가하였다. 90년대 이후 지속되는 일본경제의 장기 불황 그리고 전세계적으로 도입되고 있는 신자유주의적 사조는, 90년대 이루어진 여성노동력에 대한 사회적 보호정책 개정의 효과를 반감시키는 요인으로 작용할 수 있다. 즉, 최근 개정된 일련의 여성노동력에 대한 사회적 보호정책의 기조는 '강력한 남성부양자' 국가인 일본사회의 남성 중심성을 수정 보완하기에는 역부족으로 보인다.

• International Journal of Contents
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.10-15
• /
• 2012

Since MegaStudy started e-learning business for Korean high school students, the Korean e-learning industry began to expand and steadily gain attention. This paper focused on the analysis of the development of the Korean e-learning business for teens and the growth of MegaStudy. The three institutional mechanisms were used to examine the factors that aided the development of the business. The regulatory mechanism was the government policy to prevent the expansion of the offline private education sector, which greatly aided the growth of the e-learning business. The mimetic mechanism was the notion to mimic the characteristics of the Korean e-business initiatives. The normative mechanism involved the widespread social norm suggesting that every student should be given an equal opportunity of private education. This paper also examined the case of MegaStudy as a successful case of the e-learning companies. It analyzed the business model of MegaStudy, which is based on its advantage as the front-runner and its high-quality contents and services.

• Social Workers
• /
• no.2 s.34
• /
• pp.34-36
• /
• 2005

결식아동에 대한 부실도시락이 사회적 문제로 지적되며 아동복지에 관한 다양한 문제들이 언론을 통하여 보도되고 있다. 소위 ‘IMF 경제위기’ 이후 사회저변에서 발견되는 빈곤에 대한 지속적인 사회적 관심이 있었지만, 빈곤 아동에 대한 관심은 상대적으로 적었다. 아동에 관한 사회적 이슈는 대부분 교육문제에 한정된 경향이 있었고, 아동의 복지문제는 여전히 가족의 책임으로 가정하는 경향이 존재해 왔다. 하지만, 아동복지는 복지공급(welfare provision)이라는 수동적인 차원만이 아니라 기회균등(equal opportunity)의 발판을 마련한다는 차원에서 매우 중요한 위치를 차지하고 있다. 교육문제가 중요하다는 것은 재차 강조할 필요가 없지만, 교육 여건을 형성하고 가능하게 하는 여건이 허락되지 않는다면 ‘교육을 통한 기회균등’이라는 슬로건은 허상에 지나지 않을 것이다. 이러한 한국적 맥락을 배경으로 2005년 영국 아동정책의 변화를 점검해 보고자 한다.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.79-106
• /
• 1992

This study analyzes the determinants of wage premium, defined as the excess of actual wage rate over opportunity wage, for the average worker in a Korean bargaining unit. Average wage premium of a firm is decomposed into quasi-rent per worker and rent-sharing rule. Per capita quasi-rent, representing a firm's ability to pay, is defined as the difference between sales revenue and the opportunity cost of mobile factors, divided by the number of employees. Rent-sharing rule, a measure of workers' bargaining power, is defined as the average wage premium divided by the per capita quasi-rent. Empirical results show that the differences in wage premium among Korean bargaining units are much better explained by the differences in quasi-rent than by the differences in bargaining power. Also, comparing the results of 1986 with those of 1988 show that the wage settlement mechanism in 1988 was not quite different from that of 1986, in spite of the drastic change in industrial relation system in 1987. It may simply yield higher opportunity wages, by raising the bargaining power of overall workers. The tendency of Korean labor market in 1988 to show a dual structure of high & low wage premium sectors, is not due to the fact that the differences in bargaing powers across firms tend to expand, but to the fact that unions tend to reduce the wage differences among the workers within an enterprise by pursuing more equal distribution of total wage premium. Hence, the policies for reducing the wage differentials across firms should focus on rent-regulating industrial policies, e.g. eliminating monopoly rents by deregulation.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.247-282
• /
• 2011

In the elementary school mathematics textbooks of the 7th national curriculum, just simple construction education is provided by having students draw a circle and triangle with compasses and drawing vertical and parallel lines with a set square. The purpose of this study was to examine the mathematical thinking of sixth-grade elementary school students in the construction process in a bid to give some suggestions on elementary construction guidance. As a result of teaching the sixth graders in gifted and nongifted classes about the equal division of line segments and evaluating their mathematical thinking, the following conclusion was reached, and there are some suggestions about that education: First, the sixth graders in the gifted classes were excellent enough to do mathematical thinking such as analogical thinking, deductive thinking, developmental thinking, generalizing thinking and symbolizing thinking when they learned to divide line segments equally and were given proper advice from their teacher. Second, the students who solved the problems without any advice or hint from the teacher didn't necessarily do lots of mathematical thinking. Third, tough construction such as the equal division of line segments was elusive for the students in the nongifted class, but it's possible for them to learn how to draw a perpendicular at midpoint, quadrangle or rhombus and extend a line by using compasses, which are more enriched construction that what's required by the current curriculum. Fourth, the students in the gifted and nongifted classes schematized the problems and symbolized the components and problem-solving process of the problems when they received process of the proble. Since they the urally got to use signs to explain their construction process, construction education could provide a good opportunity for sixth-grade students to make use of signs.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.29-38
• /
• 2012

As smart convergence occurs, solving the digital divide issue for weak layers such as the elderly, handicapped and poor groups is becoming an emerging issue. This study aims to promote information service to encourage active participation of the weak layers and to bridge the digital divide among those under the digital switchover and the smart phone convergence environments. This study, comparing the environments of Korea and other major countries with respect to digital divide, found some differences and tried to suggest proper policies for Korea to remain as a leading IT country. We expect this study to help the government, industries, schools cope with the divide issues and establish proper policies to provide weak layers with equal opportunities to IT in the coming smart convergence era.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.77-91
• /
• 2000

This study was conducted with three objectives. First of all we tired to find a momentum to boost the value of home economics education as a fixture of the curriculum by analyzing the relation between gender equity education and Home Economics Education. On the other hand it suggests the need of gender equity education in Home Economics Education the related measures and some applicable course of study. And For the purpose of exemplification this study was developed gender equity instruction in Home Economics Education. The results are as follows: First the recent gender equity education in our education system can be interpreted as giving equal education opportunity and equal education objective. Therefore this kind of theory results in the education of Home Economics for both the male and female students. This results can be valued as boosting the availability of Home Economics Education and providing a stepping stone for Home Economics Education Development. Second the ultimate objective of Gender Equity Education is to cultivate a person to be equipped with Gender Equity concept and to implement the concept. Therefore Home Economics Education (Ministry of Education 1995) which has the ultimate objective of improving the quality of the individual and family life can be the most important curriculum for understanding the abstract concept of Gender Equity and providing various practical contents. Third the Gender Equity Education in Home Economics can be realized through the following measures:(1) The efforts to positively restructure the education contents after analysing and evaluating the education contents in terms of the Gender Equity concept. For the purpose of exemplification, this study was developed ‘Gender Equity Instruction in Home Economics Education. (2) The development and application of an interesting course of study for both the male an female students (3) Providing the proper teachers for the male students who want to choose Home Economics.