• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제58권5호
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• pp.172-177
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• 2015

Purpose: Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) pneumonia epidemics have occurred in 3- to 4-year cycles in Korea. We evaluated the epidemiologic characteristics of MP pneumonia in Daejeon, Korea, from 2003 to 2012. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 779 medical records of children (0-15 years of old) with MP pneumonia admitted to our institution and compared the data from 3 recent epidemics. Results: In 779 patients, the mean age and male-to-female ratio were $5.0{\pm}2.2$ years and 1:1, and most cases were observed in autumn. There were three epidemics during the study period, in 2003, 2006-2007, and 2011. In our comparison of the three epidemics, we found no differences in mean age, the male-to-female ratio, hospital stay, or the rate of seroconverters during hospitalization. All three epidemics began in early summer and peaked in September 2003 and 2011 and in October 2006 and then gradually decreased until the next year's spring season, although the 2006 epidemic extended further into 2007. The peak age groups in the children in 2003 and 2006 were 3-6 year-olds (57.5% and 56%, respectively), but in the 2011 epidemic, the peak group was 1-4 year-olds (46.5%). The proportion of the <2 years of age group was 20%, 15.7% and 28.8%, and >10 years of age group was 5.2%, 13.8%, and 14.8% of total patients, respectively. Conclusion: MP pneumonia outbreaks occurred every 3-4 years. The pattern of 3 recent epidemics was similar in demographic characteristics and seasonality with some variations in each outbreak.

• 한국수의병리학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.19-26
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate to potective effects against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infection in piglets by administration of the PEDV antiserum orally at 2 hrs, 24hrs and 36hrs after birth. six piglets administered the antiserum were experimentally infected with PEDV at five-day-old. Control group were four piglets infected with PEDV only. Serum antibody titers against PEDV were examined by serum neutralization (SN) test, dectection for PEDV or PEDV antigen from feces and small intestines was tested by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and indirect immunoflurescence (IFA). The results obtained were as follows; 1. The piglets administered the PEDV antiserum showed higher antibody titers than those of control group and sustained during the experimental period. 2. The detection rate of PEDV in feces and small intestines by RT-PCR were 26.2% and 16.7% in PEDV antiserum treated group and 48.1 % and 75.0% in control group, respectively. 3. The detection rate of PEDV antigen in the small intestine by IFA were 0% in PEDV antiserum treated group and 50.0% in control group, respectively. It was concluded that oral administration of antiserum against PEDV to piglets was effective in preventing PEDV infection.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.63-138
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• 1999

From all possible chinese medical literatures, I studied the history of chinese pediatrics by dividing into Chunqiu Zhanguo, QinHan dynasties, LiangJin, SuiTang five dynasties, Song Dynasty, Jin and Yuan dynasties, Ming Qing dynasties. The conclusions are summarized as followings 1. The mentions related with pediatrics existed already in Yan ruins turtle shell letters, and 〈Yellow Emperor's classic of internal medicine> in Chunqiu Zhanguo time formed the system of medicine, established the theoretical foundation. 2. Chang Ji established the system of diagnosis and treatment based on overall analysis of symptoms and signs in , and later pediatricians commonly applied his prescriptions to the febrile diseases. 3. The period from LiangJin to SuiTang, Pediatrics was established as special department then in , Chao Yuanfang stated the etiology, pathogenesis, symptomatology of pediatric diseases. 4. In Song dynasty. pediatric 4 major, symptoms that had been mentioned from SuiTang dynasties, were clearly established, pediatrical special books were published, and written by Qian Yi who is considered as the founder of chinese pediatrics, established the foundation of pediatrical division formation in distinction from adult fields. 5. In Jin and Yuan dynasties, four eminent physicians established the actual relationship between the theories and practical applications and insisted various and creative theories based on the classical medicine, for example, the theory that fire and heat in the body was the main cause of diseases of Liu Wansu purgation theory of Zhang Congzheng, qi regulating theory of Liu Gao, ministerial fire theory and the theory that yang is ever in excess while Yin is ever deficient of Zhu Zhenheng, etc, and they applied those theories to pediatrical various sides. 6, In Ming Qing dynasties, pediatrical specialists and pediatrical publications had increased, eg, father and son Xue Kai Xue Ji, Wan Quan, Lu Bai-si, etc in Ming dynasty, Ye Gui, Chen Fuzheng, Xia Ding, etc in Qing dynasty were famous as pediatricians. Specially, the doctrine of epidemic febrile diseases at that time showed prominent effects to children's epidemic febrile diseases.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.38-52
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to suggest the main functions and implications of public hospitals to effectively respond to the future epidemic crisis based on analyzing the accessibility to designated Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) medical institutions of Seoul and examining the main features of the quarantine of Seoul municipal hospitals. Method: To analyze the response and function of Seoul municipal hospitals, we reviewed the Infectious Disease Control and Prevention ACT, 258 articles of Seoul Metropolitan Government press releases from January to the end of April, 48 articles of Seoul Metropolitan Government's daily newsletters, 2019 Health Bureau Budget report. We also referred to internal data of Seoul Children's Hospital, Seoul Seobuk Hospital, and Seoul Eunpyeong Hospital during the same period. Besides, the accessibility to medical institutions was analyzed by using the COVID-19 data which was announced daily basis. Results: The accessibility of COVID-19 patients living in the Southeastern part of Seoul to a medical institutions was 16.2km on a distance basis, and it was the lowest accessibility among four regions of Seoul since it took about 40 minutes by car. On the other hand, patients living in the Northeast part had the highest accessibility, as the access to medical institutions was 10.7km and 27 minutes by car. Also, the main functions of the municipal hospital of Seoul against COVID-19 were to shift the public hospital function to COVID-19 patients only hospitals, to perform the epidemiological investigation by medical doctors, and to support the operation of self-isolation facilities, community treatment centers and triage rooms of community health centers. Conclusion: Through the experience of COVID-19, we suggested that the functions of public hospitals will be reorganized as the reinforcement of infectious disease treatment and mental health for quarantined patients, cooperation with private hospitals, supporting for strengthening community health capacity and preparation for another epidemic.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제57권6호
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• pp.587-593
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• 2019

Excavation (2008-2014) carried out under the Uffizi Gallery (Florence, Italy) led to the discovery of 75 individuals, mostly buried in multiple graves. Based on Roman minted coins, the graves were preliminarily dated between the second half of the 4th and the beginning of the 5th centuries CE. Taphonomy showed that this was an emergency burial site associated with a catastrophic event, possibly an epidemic of unknown etiology with high mortality rates. In this perspective, paleoparasitological investigations were performed on 18 individuals exhumed from 9 multiple graves to assess the burden of gastrointestinal parasitism. Five out of eighteen individuals (27.7%) tested positive for ascarid-type remains; these are considered as "decorticated" Ascaris eggs, which have lost their outer mammillated coat. Roundworms (genus Ascaris) commonly infest human populations under dire sanitary conditions. Archaeological and historical evidence indicates that Florentia suffered a period of economic crisis between the end of 4th and the beginning of the 5th centuries CE, and that the aqueduct was severely damaged at the beginning of the 4th century CE, possibly during the siege of the Goths (406 CE). It is more than plausible that the epidemic, possibly coupled with the disruption of the aqueduct, deeply affected the living conditions of these individuals. A 27.7% frequency suggests that ascariasis was widespread in this population. This investigation exemplifies how paleoparasitological information can be retrieved from the analysis of sediments sampled in cemeteries, thus allowing a better assessment of the varying frequency of parasitic infections among ancient populations.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제21권12호
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• pp.816-827
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• 2021

이 연구는 국내에서 2000년 이후 주요 발생한 신종감염병(사스, 신종플루, 메르스, 코로나19) 유행 당시 대중매체 메시지가 표출한 공포, 분노 감정과 주요 이슈 사이의 관계를 파악함을 목적으로 한다. 연구자는 중앙 일간지의 사설을 주요 신종감염병 유행 시기별로 수집하여, 계량적텍스트분석 방법을 활용한 확장병렬처리모형(EPPM)을 통해 분석하였다. 모든 신종감염병 유행 시기에 공포는 분노에 비해 강하게 나타나지만, 공포의 비중이 작을수록 위험통제 가능성이 큰 메시지가 생산된다. 공포는 주로 신종감염병 자체, 경제적 혼란을 향하며, 분노는 정부 등 방역 주체나 집단감염 발생 조직, 감염병 관련 정보의 은폐 등 정보불균형 문제를 다루는 특징이 나타난다. 이 과정에서 공동체 안보를 위협하는 사건, 대상을 향한 분노가 강하게 표출된다. 이때 분노는 방역 조치를 정당화할 수 있는 근거로 작용하기도 하나, 소수자 및 사회적 약자 혐오 담론의 토대가 될 수 있는 양면성을 가질 수 있음을 주목할 필요가 있다.

• Acta Via Serica
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.79-94
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to examine the descriptions of the transmission of plague along the Silk Road in Orhan Pamuk's 2022 novel Nights of Plague. Pamuk won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2006, the first prize for Turkish literature. Pamuk's vast knowledge of epidemiological history, which has long fascinated him, comes to life in this novel as he describes the characters' battles against the plague in the East and West and how the plague was brought to the islands and spread along the Maritime Silk Road. One of the most important trade routes in human history, the Silk Road was not only a link between East and West trade and cultures but also a route for the transmission of bubonic plague during the medieval period onwards. It was this epidemic that contributed to the decline of the Silk Road. In the novel, a plague originating in China strikes the Ottoman coastal cities of Smyrna and Mingheria on its way to Europe via India. The epidemic is contained in Smyrna but the death toll spirals out of control when the plague reaches the island of Mingheria by sea. The spatial setting of the novel is an island, which means that it communicates with the outside world by sea. The only way the plague could have spread to an isolated island was by ship. Rats from different ports and ships would have traveled to other parts of the world or even countries to spread the plague. In Nights of Plague, the fact that the plague reached Mingheria via the maritime Silk Road is also proven by the route of the ships and various narratives. The novel confirms what many scholars have argued, that the Silk Road brought various goods from the East to the Roman Empire, along with deadly diseases, and that the sea routes were an important way for the plague to travel and spread.

• 한국산업정보학회논문지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.115-128
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• 2022

본 연구는 Covid-19 팬데믹이 항공산업에 미친 영향과 동향을 살펴보고자 국내 뉴스 기사 데이터를 활용하여 키워드 트렌드 분석을 진행하였다. 데이터 수집을 위하여 Covid-19 발생 기준으로 전, 후 각 6개월의 기간을 나누어 '항공사' 키워드를 중심으로 관련 기사들을 추출하였다. 이후 기간별 동시 출현 빈도를 파악한 후 LDA 기법을 이용하여 토픽 모델링을 진행하였으며, Covid-19의 진행 동향과 토픽 패턴과의 관계 분석을 통해 상황에 따른 주요 토픽을 도출하였다. 이러한 결과를 활용하여 Covid-19와 같이 범세계적으로 영향을 주는 전염병이 발생할 경우 그 추이에 따라 항공산업에 미치는 영향을 예측할 수 있는 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.7-13
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• 2016

In order to understand correctly about Shanhanlun, the intension of the author from the preface must be definitely understood. Compared the preface of Shanghanzubinlun with the prefaces of other commentaries, figuring out the contents. The preface of Shanghanlun describes the time period and the production background of Shanghanlun. The publish of Shanhanlun is related to outbreak of epidemic, which is related to the war, rebellions, and the secure of trade route from west to east. The episode of Pianque in the preface is the example of the diagnosis in general, and it has connection with the four ways of diagnosis (inspection, listening & smelling, inquiring and palpation) in the last part of the preface. Shanghanzubinglun is influenced by Taoism, which is the ideology behind Huangdineijing and Shennongbencaojing. Zhang Zhongjing had studied deeply about fangshu.

• 대한미생물학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.13-18
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• 1981

Total 984 specimens were collected from sweages(130 specimens) and human rectal swabs(854 specimens) during period from October 1979 to November 1980 in Korea. Sixteen strains of salmonella were isolated from the human rectal swabs at the St. Mary's Hospital in Dae Jeon. They were confirmed into fifteen strains of S. typhi, one strain of S. paratyphi A. In other hand, fourty three strains of Shigella had been isolated from the stool specimens. They were typed as thirty four strains of Shigella flexneri, five strains of Shigella sonnei and one strain of Shigella dysenteriae. However, 16 strains of Vibrio eltor had been isolated from patients and carriers in the first epidemic areas in Chunla Namdo in September 1980. The serotype of isolated strains was determined as a Inaba which was resistant to the Mukerjee phage group IV but was susceptible to El Tor phage groupe I and II. Authors had been concluded that the strains were certain to be identified with Vibrio cholerae biotype El Tor.