• KIEAE Journal
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.63-70
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• 2001

With environmental problems and pollutions accumulated by continuous towns or cities developments events, it is becoming necessary to develop in consideration of environmental effects. This consensus leads to prepare a plan system and instrument for ecological city development, which can be a series of planning indicators. To develope a series of process for environmental friendly development, this study has three main goals as follows; development of policies and programs for environmental friendly development, suggestion of environmental friendly urban design models and standards, development of planning indicators and design guidelines Korean land use plan is operated by both zoning system and detailed plan system. But the available kinds of zoning type are too limited to apply to various and vernacular places. In addition to, the detailed plan is understood to be another regulation which constricts the freedom of building right. In this study, Plan System of Environmentally Friendly Space was studied for domestic affairs In German, Plan System of Environmentally Friendly Space is the field have been progressed before. so In this study, example of German was researched intensively, and Plan System of Environmentally Friendly Space was developed, applicable for the real state in domestic. This study was focused on methodology of landscape planning and planning for afforestation. Landscape planning is performed on condition detail investigation of existent state of nature and local characteristic, and Investigation of Planning for afforestation is more detailed than that of Landscape planning. In the basis of methodology of landscape planning and planning for afforestation, Plan for Environmentally Friendly Urban Habitation Model was developed. Plan for Environmentally Friendly Urban Habitation Model was applicable for state of land use planning. Site was selected Chuk-chun in city yang-in, taking the circumstances into consideration. So landscape planning correspond to land use planning was made out. Adjustment of Land use planning and Landscape planning was very important. Undergoing this process, Plan for Environmentally Friendly Urban Habitation Model was performed.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.53-63
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• 2004

According to the New Town Development Plan, Gang-buk area, a symbol of slum in Seoul will be changed new residential area. There are a lot of challenges for success this project. First of all, new ways of city plan "pre-plan and development" and "environmentally friendly development" are necessary to carry out this plan. Another important idea is how to overcome conflicts such as unbalanced development, a traffic jam and environment problem. Also, Government and a citizen agree that this project have to accept eco-protectable and sustainable development theory. For increasing green area ratio and keeping eco-diversity, planting at roofs and water circulation system in residential complex are compulsory. Green network based on environmentally friendly development provides a natural energe stream on eco-system and protects a city from air pollution, hot air island phenomenon and a flood.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.22-32
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• 2000

Development of index for evaluation of environmental nature and its application for the purpose of construction of industrial complex with environmentally friendly. Industrial complex comes to be recognized as a disgusting zone according to the increasing environment consciousness of residents. And the objection about the exploitation of geographically unwanted land site is increased during development process and it is possible to cause Nimby phenomenon. Therefore, ecology and environment-oriented strategies tends to be adopted for industrial complex development. Furthermore, the maximization of profit mainly directed by enterprises as of today cannot guarantee its future and the efforts of adopting environmental constancy and harmony as a new objective are made progressively. For the development of city and region, in particular such as residence complex, farming and special city, the discussion of environmental consistency, new paradigm with environmentally friendly is briskly under progress, but the relevant discussion for the development of industrial estate is not done so much. Just only few studies are realized from the viewpoint of industrial ecology but its level remains in the understanding of the concepts and presentation of development direction. This study is to prepare for the foundation of the construction of industrial estate with environmentally friendly under the current condition of Korea against coming future environment era and to try to develop of evaluation range and index which are the basis of evaluation of environment. I applied the above evaluation index to the residents of actual industrial estate to understand their consciousness of decreased environment. And I obtained 7 evaluation ranges and 37 evaluation indexes for the relevant residents. Among them, I get the value less than the average in 19 index items. And they represent very sensible reaction about environment pollution including decrease of waste materials. This study has several limits but is meaningful in that the development of evaluation index for environmental nature in industrial complex is done, and that the basic discussion of the plan and design for environmentally friendly industrial estate is made under the above evaluation and that 37 evaluation items are applied to the reality.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.8-16
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• 2003

In terms of climate change communities have only during the 1990s begun to recognize that all greenhouse gas(GHG) emissions are directly or indirectly generated locally, through acts of agency, production or consumption. This has provided a boost to the role of local places in the debate since GHGs can be allocated and made understood locally and hence form the basis for specific policies, programs, plans and projects. The objectives of this study are to define a framework for making Environmentally Friendly City through enhancing integrated energy-urban policies and present framework to do comprehensive evaluation on energy related policies response and also explore the interrelation between energy related activities in each sector and policy and applies to Seoul mega city in Korea. Despite the growing recognition of the seriousness of urban environmental problems and their contribution to global environmental and social concerns, most analysts continue to study cities in parts rather than as a whole; we study sectoral sub-systems such as transport, air pollution or energy. While specialization is useful for detailed thinking, we also need to see each issue in the context of how each city works environmentally, economically, socially and politically. We therefore need integrative approaches to study of cities and need to understand how they function as systems. These framework presented in this study allows an organized and systematic analysis. These research results can provide useful, credible and timely input into the urban planning process. This study will be a helpful exercise to draw some policy implications of other cities in Korea and also East Asia that are in a similar stage with the these cities and developing plans on how to address them.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.1111-1120
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• 2014

Ulsan made its contributions to modern Korea as an industrial city. In the 1960s, Ulsan was appointed as a special industrial zone. After that, industrial complexes were built without environmental considerations so Ulsan was once called "the polluted city". However, in the early 2000s, the main concern of Ulsan's policies was gradually shifted from the economic growth to the environmental issues. In order to enhance the environmental quality and to make the Ulsan more environmentally friendly eco-city where human and nature coexist, Ulsan city declared "The Eco-polis Ulsan" in 2004 based on "The Master Plan for Eco-polis Ulsan" which included the eco-industrial park as an action plan. This study aims at defining the concepts of eco-city and policies to build Ulsan-style eco-city as environmentally friendly city and proposing Ulsan as a role model to cities and towns of developing countries. In addition, Ulsan's EIP project which will be implemented for 15 years from 2005, is elaborated including regulatory issues and technologies to be applied.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.867-878
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to compare the degree of understanding about school foodservice management and environmentally friendly agricultural products between urban and rural elementary school children's mothers. The subjects were 280 elementary school children's mothers who lived in Gunsan city and the nearby countryside. The results are summarized as follows. The mothers in urban schools were higher on the degree of participation (p < 0.01) and interest (p < 0.01), but were lower on the degree of satisfaction (p < 0.001) for school foodservice than rural ones. The best improvement of school foodservice management was improving food tastes and qualities of the foodstuffs in urban schools and sanitation at the service area in the rural schools (p < 0.001). The school foodservice program contributed to cure the unbalanced diets and developing of bodies and minds; there was no difference of urban and rural schools. But eating habits in rural schools were more improved than urban schools (p < 0.001). The primary reason for using environmentally friendly agricultural products was to improve their health and in securing safe foods, there was no difference of urban and rural schools, but generating the farmer's income from the products in rural schools was higher than urban schools (p < 0.001). There are conflicting views between urban and rural schools for the additional costs brought by using the environmentally friendly agricultural products (p < 0.001). The order of preference on using environmentally friendly agricultural products was rice and various grains, vegetables, fruits, livestock, seasoning, etc. In conclusion, our central and local governments should change their roles in financially positive ways and reflect the issues in making the policy effective. Responsible administrators of school food suppliers run the system more faithfully with the above government support.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.144-159
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the elementary students' environmentally friendly attitude and environment literacy through Edward de Bono's Six Thinking Hats in science class. The objects of this study were the sixth grade of both an experimental class (25 students) and a comparative class (24 students) a the S elementary school science class located in Incheon city. The results of this study were as follows: First, the change of environmentally friendly attitude in the experimental group applying the six thinking hats program have statistically meaningful differences (p<.05). Second, the environmental literacy of the experimental group was improved somewhat, but it has no meaningful differences compared the other group statistically. Therefore, the six thinking hats program applied in this study might be useful to improve the students' environmentally friendly attitude in elementary school science class.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.55-65
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• 2001

The hydrological cycle system in the city is generally characterized by quick runoff, bad infiltration, low evaporation rate, and so on. It is caused by sealing greens up with pavements. Also, there are lots of contradictory environmental problems, such as inundation, the lack of underground water and dryness in the city, caused by the urban drainage system which is mostly focused on the quick draining off rainfall. In addition, the technique joining rain and sewage, which has more dangers of inundation, occupies 66% between two Korean drainage systems which consist of joining and dividing system. There has been some need to convert the present drainage system into the environmentally friendly hydrological cycle system. This is a theoretical study to examine some foreign cases and suggested applicable methods in our country, focusing on the environmentalyl friendly system of rainfall drainage. The precipitation treatment system can be made up of some possible phases choosing from premanagement, utilization, infiltration, retention, and inducement phases. Therefore, this study mostly focused on infiltration, retention, and inducement phases. It is necessary to suggest the multifunctional utilization of outdoor spaces, especially applying in new constructing and re-constructing residential estates.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.79-87
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to research the characteristics of literature related to environmentally friendly for a village-focused green index. In order to make an assessment, keywords relating to green architecture were selected: environmental friendliness, ecology, sustainable, Noksaek (Green in Korean), green, and environmentally friendly. In addition, three keywords defining the scope of space were also selected: building, village, and city. Quantitative changes and contents of articles containing the keywords were analyzed. The result is as follows. First, 'sustainable' and 'ecology' were the terms most frequently used as parts of subjects and titles, respectively. Second, the studies relating to green architecture focused on villages mostly examine the actual conditions of the villages; criteria for environmental friendliness, analyses and evaluation of the environmentally friendly features of the village; and ways to establish a green, ecological, and sustainable village. Finally, when it came to establishing a village-focused green index, the environment, resources, and energy are shown to be very important elements. In addition, the term 'ecology' in a green index is shown to be significant for the management of the natural environment.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.565-573
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• 2009

Even in case of new materials, materials that are not only harmless for the current global environment but also have high-performance and high-function are sought-after in consideration of the global environmental problems. Moreover, in construction areas where a large amount of cement and concrete are used, the establishment of the recycling technology or transformation into resources and energy materials are being put in place. And also, in a situation where the slow and relaxed city and rural life have a high priority, the need for cement and concrete as environmentally friendly new materials that best suit the emotions in human beings is on the rise and a new way to make good use of cement and concrete as new materials in construction technology should be sought. The recently introduced functional and environmentally friendly concrete is aimed at enhancing health through the adjustments of the body biorhythm using far-infrared. Minerals that contain a great amount of the elements with the frequent occurrence of the infrared among earth minerals and concrete are mixed to use structures or finishing materials, which will tackle the issues of smells, mold and corrosion.