• The Journal of Economics, Marketing and Management
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.35-41
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aims to determine the marketability of the heritage sites in Region III, Philippines. More specifically, it will obtain information on the: (a) profile of the heritage sites in Central Luzon; (b) dimensional issues of their marketability along social, environmental, and economic lines; (c) quality of services in terms of tangibility, responsiveness, empathy, assurance, and reliability; and (d) its business model canvas. Research design, data, and methodology: This will utilize a descriptive survey of the heritage sites in Central Luzon, namely: Aurora, Nueva Ecija, Bulacan, Pampanga, Tarlac, Zambales, and Bataan. There will be 60 respondents, including 5 facilitators, 24 residents, and 31 tourists. The results will be statistically measured through the measures of central tendencies, dispersion, and the test of significance. Result and conclusion: This study will comprehensively examine the local tourism sector, benefiting various stakeholders. It serves as a valuable resource for tourists by providing insights into destination marketing strategies and enhancing heritage tourism experiences. Administrators benefit from coping strategy evaluations, aiding in the formulation of effective strategies aligned with industry goals. Tourism businesses align with industry objectives and the study streamlines ordinances for site protection for local government units. Additionally, the community gains empowerment through insights into employable activities and potential businesses, influencing assessments of the justification for local preservation ordinances.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.63-77
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• 2022

As customer needs for eco-friendly transportation services increase, strategies of major global shipping companies are being established to meet them. Even if logistics costs increase, more and more shippers are choosing shipping companies that fulfill their social responsibilities through decarbonization, and against this backdrop, global shipping companies want to strengthen corporate social responsiveness and reduce shipping environmental costs. In the post-corona era after COVID-19, it is necessary to review the latest Green Shipping management strategies of shipping companies emerging as a new normal for the shipping and logistics industries. This study aims to explore trends in the latest Green Shipping management strategies of global shipping companies pursuing environmental load suppression in the shipping and logistics fields. Among the previous studies, some studies analyzed the green shipping policies of major shipping countries, but they did not deal with the latest policies over time, and few previous study has conducted a fact-finding analysis on the latest Green Shipping management strategies of major shipping companies at the corporate level. This study attempted to analyze securities reports by major domestic and international shipping companies and to present the latest Green Shipping management strategies by shipping companies.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.117-123
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• 2008

Allergic diseases have been dramarically increased over recent years, especially in industrialized countries. Oxidative stress has been believed to playa significant role in the occurrence of the allergic inflammatory responses. Although previous studies concerning oxidative stress and systemic inflammation have been reported, few data is available, and other allergic diseases, except for asthma, are hardly studied about the association with oxidative stress. This study evaluated the relationship between allergic disease and Malondialdehyde (MDA) as an indicator of oxidative stress. The study population was 197 male adults living in an industrial area. The ISAAC questionnaire was used to confirm wheezing and rhinitis, and atopy was evaluated by skin prick test. MDA was analyzed by spectrophotometer. To examine bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR), methacholine test was performed, and the index of bronchial responsiveness (BR index) was calculated. We used multivariate logistic regression model and general linear model with SAS program. We found significant associations of MDA with brindex (p=0.023), rhinitis (p=0.016), atopy (p=0.03), adjusted by age, smoking, and body mass index (BMI). On the contrary, there was no significant difference of MDA with the status of asthma. Our result suggests that oxidative stress may playa major role in the occurrence of allergic response in male adults.

• Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.112-116
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• 2007

Kinetin(KN) is an inducer of rice(Oryza sativa L.) defense/stress responses, as evidenced by the induction of inducible secondary metabolite and defense/stress protein markers in leaf. We show a novel light-dependent effect of KN-triggered defense stress responses in rice leaf. Leaf segments treated with KN(100 ${\mu}M$) show hypersensitive-like necrotic lesion formation only under continuous light illumination. Potent accumulation of two phytoalexins, sakuranetin and momilactone A(MoA) by KN that peaks at 48 h after treatment under continuous light is completely suppressed by incubation under continuous dark. Using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis we identified KN-induced changes in ribulose-1, 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase, energy- and pathogenesis-related proteins(OsPR class 5 and 10 members) by N-terminal amino acid sequencing and mass spectrometry. These changes were light-inducible and could not be observed in the dark(and control). Present results provide a new dimension(light modulation/regulation) to our finding that KN has a potential role in the rice plant self-defense mechanism.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.593-607
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• 2013

This study was conducted to identify adults' knowledge, dietary behavior related to sodium, and attitude towards. The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of the quality of multiple roles and psychological well-being upon parenting behavior among employed mothers. The subjects were 172 employed mothers living in Seoul, Korea. The results are as follows. First, the quality of parental role was related to all of subscales of parenting behaviors of employed mothers. Second, employed mothers' higher autonomy was significantly associated with greater intimacy and reasoning guidance in their parenting. Third, employed mothers with greater positive relationship and autonomy were more likely to exhibit limit setting. Finally, higher level of environmental mastery and autonomy was related to greater parental involvement. Mothers' psychological well being was not significantly related to mothers' responsiveness.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.315-329
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• 2010

This study focused on analysis of the satisfaction level of specialty shops for environment-friendly agricultural products (EFAP). To analyze the satisfaction level of EF AP, a series of household surveys were conducted. Questionnaire was prepared on the basis of the SERVQUAL model and the structural equation modeling was made on the basis of the contents surveyed. The main results of this study are summarized as follows. Firstly, tangibles structured with store clearance, neat uniform, information and others is the factor of service quality satisfaction. Secondly, reliability structured with service practice, problem solving, and service in accurate time is the factor of service quality satisfaction. Thirdly, assurance structured with the reliability of employees, sufficient knowledge of employees, courteous and good manner is the factor of service quality satisfaction. Fourthly, responsiveness structured with prompt service, voluntary help, customer response service and the like is the factor of service quality satisfaction. Fifthly, the sympathy structured in interest for each customer, provision of service in time convenient to use, encountering the customers with genuine feeling are the factors of service quality satisfaction. And sixthly, the service satisfaction factors would influence on the consumer behavior factors.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.133-143
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• 2003

The main purpose of the study is to identify the perception, as well as the prejudices, of sexuality of the elderly and their sexual life. Older men and women aged 66-80 (N=17) who are married, healthy, and living in communities were interviewed regarding ADL, present and past sexual practices, prejudices on elderly sexuality, and obstacles to sexual life. The findings of this study are as follows: First, the old perceived that sexuality even in old age is an important part of life. However, they were also prejudiced about sexual intimacy in old age. Second, although an increase in age is correlated with a decrease in sexual activity, a number of older men and women continue to have active sexual life and they are satisfied with it as ever. This indicates a duality in the way the elderly perceive sexuality. Third, health status, partner's responsiveness, and environmental problems are prominent obstacles to sexual life. The study revealed that late-life sexuality must be conceived as a complex bio-psycho-social phenomenon. Consequently, it is important to hold sexual education programs for the young and the old.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.923-933
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• 2011

In this study, we derived seven customer value factors to evaluate the levels of service in wastewater utilities required by customers. Levels of service according to the customer value were categorized into environmental amenity, accessibility of wastewater service, affordability of wastewater charge, quality of wastewater service, health and safety of wastewater service provision, reliability and responsiveness of wastewater service provision, and satisfaction of customer service. To investigate the levels of wastewater service, questionnaires were prepared according to the customer value factors, and the questionnaire survey was performed with 800 adults in all over Korea including male and female samples. The comprehensive satisfaction score for the wastewater service was 57.5 points, indicating a slightly good satisfaction level. The detailed analysis of the result showed that the satisfaction level was high in the wastewater service accessibility and call center service provision but it was relatively low in the river water quality and nasty smell of wastewater. It was concluded that the quality of wastewater service and customer service satisfaction need to be elevated primarily in order to improve levels of wastewater service required by the customers.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.13-18
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• 2014

Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are becoming increasingly popular worldwide and their cellular effects warrant further evaluation. In this study, we investigated the effects of an e-cigarette cartridge solution on allergen related asthmatic airway inflammation (AI) and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), when it is delivered by intratracheal route in mice. Asthmatic AI and AHR were induced by systemic sensitization to ovalbumin (OVA) followed by intratracheal, intraperitoneal, and aerosol allergen challenges in BALB/c mice. The cartridge solution of e-cigarette (containing 16 mg/ml nicotine) was diluted 50 times and $100{\mu}l$ of the diluted solution was intratracheally instilled to OVA-sensitized (OVA-S) mice two times a week for 10 weeks. Long-term e-cigarette inhalation elicited no remarkable changes in the activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase enzymes in serum, however, increased infiltration of inflammatory cells including eosinophils, into airways from blood, aggravated the asthmatic AI and AHR, and stimulated the production of cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5 and IL-13, and OVA-specific IgE production. Our data suggest that the inhalation of e-cigarette solutions can function as an important factor to exacerbate the allergy-induced asthma symptoms. Further studies are needed to address the effects of e-cigarette solutions on human health.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.301-319
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• 2013

Wireless and mobile communication technologies enable individuals who trade stocks and bonds to use mobile-based trading services. Due to rapidly developing mobile technologies and adoption of the advanced/smart mobile devices such as smart phones and tablets, the use of mobile trading systems (MTS) have increased at an unexpected rate. Although many prior studies measured service quality on various service-related fields, there are few studies that is related to mobile trading systems compared to more traditional PC-based home trading systems. This research searches determinants of service quality for mobile trading systems and examines the effects of these factors on the intention to mobile trading systems' continuous use. Through an extensive literature review, this research finds three dimensions for mobile trading systems : interaction quality, service environment quality, and service outcome quality. The result of analysis shows that personalization, connectivity, ease of use, informativeness, and monetary value enhance the intention to continuous use. Considering environmental conditions such as the high rate of MTS adoption among individual users and stiffer competition among securities firms, these findings may help practically securities firms' shaping MTS system development strategies for individual users' continuous use and for increasing new users adoption.