• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.55-63
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• 1985

The quantities of chrome, lead, iron, copper and manganese in the formula feed were determined by A.A.S. and the results were summarized as follows 1. The content of chromium in the leather and meat meals(SN-2) were 13-66 times as much as the level of permission. 2. In the meantime, lead content in the meat meal (SN-1) was about 20 times as much as permitted level. 3. The iron which is essential constituent of the formula feed was contained in the meat and leather meals and these values were 2-10 times as much as feeding regulations, on the contrary copper and manganese content in the shaving and flesh were below the feeding regulations.

• 경영과학
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.91-112
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• 2009

Recently, the green business/IT-related issues such as $CO_2$ emission and energy consumption have become spread out rapidly through the world. EU, the United States, Japan and other developed countries are using IT-related environmental regulations as trade barriers. Korea which has high rate of IT exports needs to establish systematic strategies to respond to these environmental regulations. However, it is not easy to find the related research about making green business/IT strategies. This research aims to deduce the green business/IT strategy framework and the suitable green business/IT strategies for the Korean situation. The green business/IT strategy framework is constructed from the analysis of preceding researches and those of the green business/IT strategies of Japan, the United States, and EU. The Korean green business/IT strategies are deduced from survey of experts using Delphi method. We expect that the results contribute to establish the systematic policy and action plan to reduce $CO_2$ emission and energy consumption of IT industry.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.345-351
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• 2020

Eutrophication of surface waters is commonly caused by excessive inputs of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus. Nakdong River basin was chosen as the study area to investigate the effect of point and non-point source pollution of nitrogen on eutrophication in water body. Non-point source inputs of nitrogen accounted for approximately 84% in the total nitrogen input of the upper Nakdong river watershed, which mainly consists of agricultural land and forests. However, point source inputs of nitrogen accounted for 58~85% in the total nitrogen input of the middle and lower watersheds, including urban area. Therefore, for watershed near urban area, control of point source inputs of nitrogen may be an optimal method to control eutrophication. In this respect, the enforcing reduction of nitrogen in the final effluent of wastewater treatment facilities is needed. On the other hand, to enact more stringent nitrogen regulations, the LOT (limit of technology) and environmental impact should be considered. In this study nitrogen data were analyzed to propose new nitrogen regulations.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.34-43
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• 2010

Recently environmental regulations like the Kyoto Protocol, adopted in 1997, required the reduction of the greenhouse gas of 5.2% up to 1990 regulations. and 13th General Assembly in 2007, held in Bali of India, have agreed to duty reduction even in developing countries in 2013. Because of the lack of information about real process in small or middle size industries, most recent research omitted to calculate green house gas emissions from the industrial process. Bottom-up methodology will be applied for calculation of green house gasemission from industry sector to solve these problems in this research. Total amount from industry sector of Shicheung-City in 2007 was about 1,797,305 tons of greenhouse gas $CO_2$ and 3,049,403 tons of the greenhouse gas $CO_2$ calculated from industry sector of Ansan-City in 2007.

• 국제지역연구
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.383-401
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• 2011

본 연구는 FTA의 효과를 극대화하는 데 있어, 무역자유화의 이익을 침해하지 않으며, 동시에 환경보호를 달성하기 위한 환경규정의 제정방향에 대하여 연구하였다. 본 연구를 통하여 FTA체제하에서의 무역자유화와 환경보호 달성을 위한 환경규정의 제정방향은 크게 세 가지로 요약해 볼 수 있다. 첫째는 FTA협정문상의 환경기준을 적용하는 데 있어서는 새로운 환경기준을 적용하기 보다는 기존의 있는 환경기준을 적용하여 환경협상력을 강화하고 교묘하게 운영되는 환경보호조치를 축소하기 위한 노력을 기울여야 한다. 둘째로 FTA 체결국간에 논란의 여지가 많은 것에 대해서는 보다 엄격한 환경관련 규정을 적용하거나 현행 WTO규정 및 다자간환경협약을 그대로 적용하는 것이 타당할 것으로 보여진다. 셋째는 FTA를 통한 환경기술이나 제품에 대한 적극적인 교류를 확대할 수 있는 규범 제정이 필요하다. 마지막으로 환경과 관련한 실체적 규범과 절차적 규범에 대한 명확한 제정이 이루어져서 오염행위나 환경마찰에 대하여 신속하고 객관적인 이행이 보장되도록 해야 한다.

• 환경생물
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.33-42
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• 2018

인도네시아의 열대 이탄지는 황폐화되고 농경지 및 조림지로 전용되어왔다. 수로는 열대 이탄지의 지하수위를 관리하고 작물의 생산성을 높이기 위해 설치되었으나, 열대 이탄지의 구조를 파괴하고 침하 및 산불 발생 위험을 증가시켰다. 이에 따라, 인도네시아 정부는 수로로 인한 문제를 막기 위한 정책과 모라토리엄을 마련하였다. 그리고 해당 정책들에 따라 이탄지 재습지화에 관한 시범사업들이 일부 수행되었다. 우리나라가 열대 이탄지를 재습지화 한다면 추후 탄소 배출권을 확보할 수 있는 가능성이 있으므로, 적절한 재습지화에 관한 자료가 필요하다. 이에 따라, 본 연구에서는 열대 이탄지에 적용되는 정책의 흐름을 조사하고 이 시범사업들의 설치 계획, 고려사항, 댐 설계, 재료, 설치 방법, 모니터링 방법, 그리고 소요 시간 및 비용 등에 대해 분석하였다. 이탄층의 깊이가 3 m 이상인 지역은 개발이 제한되고 개발 허가 발급이 중단되었으며, 복원을 위한 수로차단이 설치되었다. 이 지역에서는 댐의 지속성과 지역 이해당사자들의 참여를 독려하는 것이 우선순위로 여겨졌다. 개발 허가지역의 경우에는 개벌과 화전이 금지되었으며, 지하수위를 유지하기 위한 수로차단에 목적을 두었고, 수로차단을 설치할 때에는 작업 및 비용의 효율성이 우선적으로 고려되었다. 조사 결과를 바탕으로 본 연구에서는 인도네시아 열대 이탄지의 규제 적용 및 수로차단 설치 시 적용할 수 있는 방안들을 제시하였다. 이러한 결과는 동남아시아 지역의 배수된 열대 이탄지에 적합한 수로차단을 계획하는 데 기여할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.226-236
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• 2021

Objectives: Concerns have been raised about the possible health effects of radon on both workers and consumers with the spread of social attention to the impact of radon exposure. Thus, an entire raw material handling workshop was investigated, and standards for radon levels in the workplace were newly established at 600 Bq/m³. However, regulations on the management of workers exposed to radon are still insufficiently developed. Therefore, by comparative analysis of overseas and domestic radon-related regulations for workplaces, this study aims to suggest improvement plans of protection regulations under the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSH Act) for the prevention of health disorders of radon-exposed workers. Methods: For overseas case studies, we consulted radon-related laws and reports officially published on the websites of the European Union (EU), the United States (U.S.) and the United Kingdom (UK) government agencies. Domestic law studies were conducted mainly on the Act on Protective Action Guidelines against Radiation in the Natural Environment and the OSH Act. Results: In Europe, the basic safety standards for protection against risks arising from radon (Council Directive 2013/59/EURATOM of 5 December 2013) was established by the EU. They recommend that the Member States manage radon level in workplaces based on this criterion. In the U.S., the standards for workplaces are controlled by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA). Action on radon in the UK is specified in "Radon in the workplace" published by the Health and Safety Executive (HSE). Conclusions: The Act on Protective Action Guidelines against Radiation in the Natural Environment mainly refers to the management of workplaces that use or handle raw materials but does not have any provisions in terms of protecting naturally exposed workers. In the OSH Act, it is necessary to define whether radon is included in radiation for that reason that its current regulations have limitations in ensuring the safety workers who may be exposed to naturally occurring radon. The management standards are needed for workplaces that do not directly deal with radon but are likely to be exposed to radon. We propose that this could be specified in the regulations for the prevention of health damage caused by radiation, not in Article 125 of the OSH Act.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.409-417
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• 2017

본 연구는 건설 공사도중 계약상대자의 책임 없는 사유로 인하여 공사기간이 단축되는 경우 발생하는 추가비용과 관련하여 계약 당사자 사이에 발생하는 분쟁을 예방하는 방안의 연구를 목적으로 하였다. 공기단축으로 인한 추가비용에 대한 클레임 사례 및 법원의 판결 사례등을 검토한 결과 추가비용 산정에 대한 규정의 미비가 대표적인 문제점으로 나타났다. 이러한 문제점에 대한 연구의 결과로 1단계에서 추가비용을 처리하는 절차를 제시하였고, 절차 중 공기단축 계획 및 승인과정을 거치도록 하여 계약 당사자 사이의 추가비용에 대한 다툼을 예방하도록 하였다. 2단계로 추가비용 산정과 관련된 현행 규정의 미비한 문제점을 해소하는 규정의 제정 및 개정 방안을 제시하였다. 본 연구에서 제시한 절차 및 규정의 제 개정 방안을 통하여 공기단축과 관련한 현행 규정이 미비한 문제점을 해소하고 분쟁을 예방하며 이로 인한 손실 등을 방지하는 등 선진화된 계약관리의 기초가 되도록 하고자 한다.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.279-286
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• 2022

Objectives: South Korea's occupational safety and health legislation appears on the surface to have stronger regulations than any other country, but it is criticized for having many problems when viewed from the perspective of the effectiveness and universality of these regulations. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the validity of the regulatory content and the methods for contract work in South Korea. Methods: The main issues in contract work are compared and analyzed in terms of the occupational safety and health laws systems in South Korea and other developed countries. Based on this, problems related to contract regulation are derived from the perspective of legal policy studies. In addition, effective improvement measures for the derived problems will be proposed. Results: Other developed countries impose obligations suitable for the status and role of persons who entrust work in consideration of the fact that they do not directly manage risks and in terms of the effectiveness of industrial accident prevention. These countries generally impose obligations such as management of facilities and machinery, cooperation and coordination with subcontractors, cooperation and coordination obligations between subcontractors, and guidance obligations on a person who entrusts a work. Conclusions: It is difficult to achieve effectiveness in preventing accidents with based on unreasonable regulations that do not conform to safety principles or legal theory. Regulations on contract work need to be converted to rational cogent regulations based on science and rationality, not ideology and emotion. To this end, the legal system for contract work must have international universality.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.13-30
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• 2018

In terms of environmental friendly land use and objective environmental assessment, legislative assessment items of Environmental Conservation Value Assessment Map (ECVAM) consists of designated areas related to conservation and protection, and areas that are planned to be designated in the future. However, the gap with the reality due to omission of several protection areas and land use regulations, and assessment grades according to 3 division land use map of forest, agricultural land, and urbanized area, results in low application and utilization of ECVAM. Therefore in this study, the legislative assessment of the ECVAM was performed with new assessment items and its new ratings, to suggest an improvement in legislative assessment items of the ECVAM. As a result, legally protected areas of inhabited islands under absolute conservation, special wildlife protection districts, protected marine areas, environmental preservation sea areas, scenic spots, forest protection zone, traditional temple preservation zone, and 45 zone or district related to regulation of land use were additionally designated as new legislative assessment items. New grade ratings were given to each additional assessment items in consideration of the restrictions on acts. As a result of the legislative assessment based on the new assessment items and new grades, the 1st grade area increased by 3.47%, and the 2nd grade area increased by 19.35%. The 3rd grade area decreased by 8.54%, the 4th grade area increased by 2.95%, and 5th grade increased by 2.91%. In addition, the out-of-grade area decreased by 20.14%, considered to be a realistic assessment based on land use. With the improved legislative assessment, it is possible to provide a more accurate environmental assessment map. Increase usage of ECVAM is expected in providing regulations of land use and base data for integrated land management of land environmental planning.