• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.63-70
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• 2016

A housing market in an urban area is not just a single market but a combination of regionally different submarkets. This study begins with a critical mind that previous researches did not consider the spatial autocorrelation of each area where the housings are located. The clustering analysis of housing submarket which considers spatial autocorrelation is performed as it follows. First, 4 housing market attribute variables are reducted to 1 variable by principle component analysis. Then, after calculating $Gi^*max$ by AMOEBA, 7 housing submarkets which have similar characteristics based on $Gi^*max$ are classified. The characteristics of each submarket are investigated, then political implication is deduced as the following. Different level of housing policy should be made to each cluster because each cluster has different level of spatial autocorrelation.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.19-26
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• 2009

The environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis assumes an inverted U-shaped relationship between environmental damage and income, and such curves have been used to study how economic growth affects the environment. In this study, we analyzed data for gross domestic product (GDP) per capita and for sulfur emissions in the industrialized countries of the United Kingdom, United States of America, and Japan, as well as data for the developing country of China, to determine the relationship between emissions and income in these countries. Attempts by these countries' governments to incorporate environmental policy considerations into the income-environment relationship were also examined. The potential role of the environmental Kuznets curve as a policy tool was investigated. We determined that, at least in the case of sulfur emissions, policies and institutions significantly reduced environmental degradation in the industrialized countries studied. Furthermore, the environmental Kuznets curve can reliably predict the future relationship between environmental impact and GDP for developing countries.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.62-70
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• 2005

Since the announcement of the Rio Earth Charter in 1992, the Environmental Policy of each country has changed a lot. That is, it aims at compatibility of nature and humans, and preservation and development of environment. It has changed a goal from the past direct regulation and post-treatment to 'sustainable development'. To overcome world-wide environmental problems such as changing global climate, various political means such as economic incentives and pre-prevention policy such as environmentally-friendly productive process, effective use of resources, minimized generation of waste have been developed. As environmental problems which are growing serious began to threat survival of human beings, they must be globally managed rather than by a single country. Therefore, this study is to speculate the EIA System of each country for environmental protection based on such recognition of problems.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.912-930
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• 2016

This paper suggests to bring the idea of social construction of nature or social nature discussed in social science including geography to geographical and environmental education for breaking traditional divide of people(or society) and nature. And this paper analyzed relationship between people and nature, meaning of environment and the concepts of social nature represented in the geography curriculum and textbook of England, Australia and Korea. Recently in terms of focusing disciplines or education on integration or convergence, introduction of social nature in teaching and learning geography and environment has an important implication. With rapid growth of capitalism, nature is constructed socially by the political, economical, social and cultural practice. Thus geography education reduces the distance between human geography and physical geography and needs to focus on exploring not just the relationship between people and nature but social construction of nature. Another implication of the introduction of social nature in teaching and learning geography and environment is that students can develop the relational sensitivity about the relationship people and nature or people and place.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.127-136
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• 2012

This study empirically analyzed which influence the moderating effect of individual characteristics has on adolescents' perceived parenting attitude and school life adjustment. The results showed that parenting attitude positively affected social adjustment; particularly, affection and acceptance had significant effects on academic and social adjustment. As for influence of parenting attitude upon school life adjustment, women showed more significant result than men in schoolwork adjustment, social adjustment, and environmental/general adjustment when attachment factor is high. Also, it could be known that the birth placing moderates the influence upon social adjustment by democratic autonomous parenting attitude and attachment acceptance-based parenting attitude in the parenting attitude.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.518-529
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• 2012

Integration of Europe was started when European Union Treaty was concluded at Maastricht for the first time on December, 1991. Europe which may be called as a cradle of modern national state has realized a single Europe not only in the socio-economic integration field but also in the political field. Under this background, it is considered that life-long education policy for developing a new integrated growth engine of EU requires educational response that may get ready for socio-economic environmental transformation more than anything else. In particular, this policy is faced with an important task of having to achieve harmony of efficiency through diversity and mutual coordination in pursuing cooperation and integrated development of life-long education field. However, notwithstanding their efforts, since 2008, some countries of EU were faced with economic crisis due to economic recession and this situation starts to drive the whole Europe even to the point of their financial crisis at last. This crisis is currently shaking socio-economic integration of EU. This study intends to observe a status of establishing life-long education system and promoting a policy for socio-economic integration of EU and to analyze as to what kind of relevance adult participation rate of life-long learning among the countries belonged to EU has with per capita income and to explore as whether socio-economic integration among member countries could be sustained based on problems of integrative life-long education system under the economic crisis of EU. In addition, through this study, an implication required for presenting a new paradigm conversion, policy establishment and development direction for the life-long education of our country is intended to be deduced.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.443-472
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• 2014

To survive in the global competitive environment, enterprise should be able to solve various problems and find the optimal solution effectively. The big-data is being perceived as a tool for solving enterprise problems effectively and improve competitiveness with its' various problem solving and advanced predictive capabilities. Due to its remarkable performance, the implementation of big data systems has been increased through many enterprises around the world. Currently the big-data is called the 'crude oil' of the 21st century and is expected to provide competitive superiority. The reason why the big data is in the limelight is because while the conventional IT technology has been falling behind much in its possibility level, the big data has gone beyond the technological possibility and has the advantage of being utilized to create new values such as business optimization and new business creation through analysis of big data. Since the big data has been introduced too hastily without considering the strategic value deduction and achievement obtained through the big data, however, there are difficulties in the strategic value deduction and data utilization that can be gained through big data. According to the survey result of 1,800 IT professionals from 18 countries world wide, the percentage of the corporation where the big data is being utilized well was only 28%, and many of them responded that they are having difficulties in strategic value deduction and operation through big data. The strategic value should be deducted and environment phases like corporate internal and external related regulations and systems should be considered in order to introduce big data, but these factors were not well being reflected. The cause of the failure turned out to be that the big data was introduced by way of the IT trend and surrounding environment, but it was introduced hastily in the situation where the introduction condition was not well arranged. The strategic value which can be obtained through big data should be clearly comprehended and systematic environment analysis is very important about applicability in order to introduce successful big data, but since the corporations are considering only partial achievements and technological phases that can be obtained through big data, the successful introduction is not being made. Previous study shows that most of big data researches are focused on big data concept, cases, and practical suggestions without empirical study. The purpose of this study is provide the theoretically and practically useful implementation framework and strategies of big data systems with conducting comprehensive literature review, finding influencing factors for successful big data systems implementation, and analysing empirical models. To do this, the elements which can affect the introduction intention of big data were deducted by reviewing the information system's successful factors, strategic value perception factors, considering factors for the information system introduction environment and big data related literature in order to comprehend the effect factors when the corporations introduce big data and structured questionnaire was developed. After that, the questionnaire and the statistical analysis were performed with the people in charge of the big data inside the corporations as objects. According to the statistical analysis, it was shown that the strategic value perception factor and the inside-industry environmental factors affected positively the introduction intention of big data. The theoretical, practical and political implications deducted from the study result is as follows. The frist theoretical implication is that this study has proposed theoretically effect factors which affect the introduction intention of big data by reviewing the strategic value perception and environmental factors and big data related precedent studies and proposed the variables and measurement items which were analyzed empirically and verified. This study has meaning in that it has measured the influence of each variable on the introduction intention by verifying the relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variables through structural equation model. Second, this study has defined the independent variable(strategic value perception, environment), dependent variable(introduction intention) and regulatory variable(type of business and corporate size) about big data introduction intention and has arranged theoretical base in studying big data related field empirically afterwards by developing measurement items which has obtained credibility and validity. Third, by verifying the strategic value perception factors and the significance about environmental factors proposed in the conventional precedent studies, this study will be able to give aid to the afterwards empirical study about effect factors on big data introduction. The operational implications are as follows. First, this study has arranged the empirical study base about big data field by investigating the cause and effect relationship about the influence of the strategic value perception factor and environmental factor on the introduction intention and proposing the measurement items which has obtained the justice, credibility and validity etc. Second, this study has proposed the study result that the strategic value perception factor affects positively the big data introduction intention and it has meaning in that the importance of the strategic value perception has been presented. Third, the study has proposed that the corporation which introduces big data should consider the big data introduction through precise analysis about industry's internal environment. Fourth, this study has proposed the point that the size and type of business of the corresponding corporation should be considered in introducing the big data by presenting the difference of the effect factors of big data introduction depending on the size and type of business of the corporation. The political implications are as follows. First, variety of utilization of big data is needed. The strategic value that big data has can be accessed in various ways in the product, service field, productivity field, decision making field etc and can be utilized in all the business fields based on that, but the parts that main domestic corporations are considering are limited to some parts of the products and service fields. Accordingly, in introducing big data, reviewing the phase about utilization in detail and design the big data system in a form which can maximize the utilization rate will be necessary. Second, the study is proposing the burden of the cost of the system introduction, difficulty in utilization in the system and lack of credibility in the supply corporations etc in the big data introduction phase by corporations. Since the world IT corporations are predominating the big data market, the big data introduction of domestic corporations can not but to be dependent on the foreign corporations. When considering that fact, that our country does not have global IT corporations even though it is world powerful IT country, the big data can be thought to be the chance to rear world level corporations. Accordingly, the government shall need to rear star corporations through active political support. Third, the corporations' internal and external professional manpower for the big data introduction and operation lacks. Big data is a system where how valuable data can be deducted utilizing data is more important than the system construction itself. For this, talent who are equipped with academic knowledge and experience in various fields like IT, statistics, strategy and management etc and manpower training should be implemented through systematic education for these talents. This study has arranged theoretical base for empirical studies about big data related fields by comprehending the main variables which affect the big data introduction intention and verifying them and is expected to be able to propose useful guidelines for the corporations and policy developers who are considering big data implementationby analyzing empirically that theoretical base.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.24-41
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• 2013

This study aims to investigate the complex planning processes and design ideas of the Gwanghwamun Plaza which was opened in 2009. The opening of the plaza was significant as it was built in order to restore the symbolic meaning of axis in the historical Joseon Dynasty that was distorted during the Japanese Imperialism. The plaza itself attracts many citizens and tourists by providing the empty ground carrying historical ambiences around. In this paper, the story of the Gwanghwamun plaza will be summarized. Particularly, the background of promoting the project will be discussed and the whole planning process will be dealt with. The plaza was realized through several stages. First, the planning stage will be reviewed. The planning stage had been a quite long process since the initial idea was discussed. Since the early 90s, the political decision of making the plaza was made through the change of people's understanding toward public space. At this stage, the city government worked together with diverse citizens and professionals to share the vision and to realize the right decision in making the plaza. Second, the design stage will be elaborated in detail. This is the second design stage. The former was the idea competition and the latter was the turn-key base. The final design scheme emphasized the restoration of symbolic axis and the forgotten Yukjo Street. The scheme consists of four zones such as history restoration zone, prospect and history representation zone, culture zone, and the urban zone. Through the whole design process, the original idea remained as it was. The design concept was "a place of memory and prospect." It emphasizes the history representation, view corridor, cultural activities platform as well as the emptiness and flexibility of the basic premise of the plaza. Finally, the construction stage will be discussed. There were some additions and omissions in the construction process. The design chances in the construction stage will be reviewed in detail. After the opening of the plaza, there were some changes in the detail design. We will discuss how and why these modifications were made. In the end, the social and cultural implication of the plaza will be discussed. The storytelling of the Gwanghwamun Plaza will contribute to the clear understanding of planning and design process of pubic places. Based on this reflection, we are able to think about some suggestions of public projects for the future.