• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.128-135
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• 2003

To decrease environmental damage, the development of environmental friendly fluids provides attractive alternative to the conventional fluids. In this study, the effects of harmful ingredients (Cl, S) contained in the fluids that used in grinding and cutting processes to influence on the nasal cavities of the white rats were measured indirectly. Also, the level of the environmental influence in workshops was graded through analyzing the concentration and chemical ingredients of flying-dust, which generated from the friction and combustion in the cutting process, that for analyzing how harmful the influence of particles to workers then it could be used as the basic data for improving the environment. To improve the conventional machining fluid, which can be harmful on worker's bodies and the environment, the environmental friendly machining method was suggested through analyzing each lubrication properties of vegetable fluid and used-edible oil as alternative fluid. As a result, it was known that an emulsion type fluid might be the main cause leading to some respiratory ailments. Also this paper presents the possibility to use vegetable fluid and used-edible oil as the alternative of cutting fluids.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.18 no.9
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• pp.11-17
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• 2001

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.61-69
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• 2022

The function of coolant in machining is to reduce the frictional force in the contact area in between the tool and the material, and to increase the precision by cooling the work-piece and the tool, to make the machining surface uniform, and to extend the tool life. However, cutting oil is harmful to the human body because it uses chlorine-based extreme pressure additives to cause environmental pollutants. In this study, the effect of cutting temperature and surface roughness of titanium alloy for medical purpose (Ti-6Al-7Nb) in eco-friendly ADL slot shape machining was investigated using the response surface analysis method. As the design of the experiment, three levels of cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut were designed and the experiment was conducted using the central composite planning method. The regression expressions of cutting temperature and surface roughness were respectively obtained as quadratic functions to obtain the minimum value and optimal cutting conditions. The values from this formula and the experimental values were compared. As a result, this study makes and establishes the basis to prevent environmental pollution caused by the use of coolant and to replace it with ADL (Aerosol Dry Lubricant) machining that uses a very small amount of vegetable oil with high pressure.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.385-388
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• 1997

As the environmental regulations become stricter, new machining technologies are being developed which takes envi ronmenta 1 aspects into account . Since cut t ing oi I has some impact on environment. many researches are being carried out to minimize the use of cutting oi I. The methods for minimizing cutting oil usage includes the following techniques: I ) Cooling of tools and work piece. 2) Useage of compressed cooling air for the removal of chip. 3) Minimal useage of environment-friendly vegetable cutt:ngoiI for lubrication between chip and tools. Since the turning machine is continuous, tools are under constant thermal load and tool wear increases as the lubricative performance degrades. Also surface roughnesses have a direct influence on turning. In order to examine the characteristics of turningmachining, this work investigates experimentally the degree of tool wear and characteristics of surface roughness in relation to machining conditions, supply methods, and cooling methods.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.76 no.5
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• pp.561-578
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• 2020

The present work addresses the surface integrity and chip morphology in finish hard turning of AISI D3 steel under nanofluid assisted minimum quantity lubrication (NFMQL) condition. The surface integrity aspects include microhardness, residual stress, white layer formation, machined surface morphology, and surface roughness. This experimental investigation aims to explore the feasibility of low-cost multilayer (TiCN/Al2O3/TiN) coated carbide tool in hard machining applications and to assess the propitious role of minimum quantity lubrication using graphene nanoparticles enriched eco-friendly radiator coolant based nano-cutting fluid for machinability improvement of hardened steel. Combined approach of central composite design (CCD) - analysis of variance (ANOVA), desirability function analysis, and response surface methodology (RSM) have been subsequently employed for experimental investigation, predictive modelling and optimization of surface roughness. With a motivational philosophy of "Go Green-Think Green-Act Green", the work also deals with economic analysis, and sustainability assessment under environmental-friendly NFMQL condition. Results showed that machining with nanofluid-MQL provided an effective cooling-lubrication strategy, safer and cleaner production, environmental friendliness and assisted to improve sustainability.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.221-226
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• 2002

As environmental restriction has continuously become more strict, machining technology has emphasized on development of environment-friendly technologies. In cutting technology, it has been well recognized that cutting fluids might have undesirable effects on workers health and working environment and, hence, recently there have been numerous attempts to minimize harmful effects of cutting fluids on environments. To minimize the use of cutting fluids in machining, conventional cutting fluids have been replaced with the technologies of pressurized cold air and minimum quantity lubrication (MQL). Compared with milling, turning is continuous cutting process, where tools are continuously heated up and lack of lubricity could lead to tool wear and deteriorated surface roughness. In this work, it has been investigated how tool wear and surface roughness could be affected by cutting conditions, supply and cooling methods. The experimental results show that MQL technology is able to minimize conventional cutting fluids.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.1007-1013
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• 2003

As environmental restriction kas continuously become more strict, machining technology has emphasized on development of environment-friendly technology. In cutting technology, it has been well recognized that cutting fluids might have undesirable effects on workers health and working environment. In this study, compressed cold air was used as a replacement for conventional cutting fluids. The cooling effect on cutting tool was analyzed using the finite element method and the computational fluid dynamics. This study focused on the temperature simulation of cutting tool by real flow analysis of cold air. The maximum flow rate and the minimum temperature of compressed cold air are 300ι/min and -30$^{\circ}C$ respectively. To compare the simulation and experimental results, inner temperature of the cutting tool was measured with the thermocouple embedded in the insert. The results show that the analysis of cutting temperature using FEM and CFD is resonable, and the replacement of cutting fluid with cold air is available.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.26 no.A
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• pp.69-73
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• 2006

Mach peening treatment is one of the various kinds of techniques to improve the fatigue properties. The mach peening process gives high-level work hardening and compressive residual stress near the surface layer, improving the fatigue strength. In addition, this treatment reduces slip bands that initiate the fatigue cracks near the surface. During impingement, a plastic indentation surrounded by a plastic zone is formed. Mach peening treatment characteristic is less energy consumption and is an environmental friendly processing methods that is not accompanied by pollution. It is machining process that can prevent fatigue fracture beforehand in structure using already as well as process of production. The test results showed that fatigue crack propagation delay appeared by drilling type 43%, mach peening type 110%.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.35-40
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• 2019

As the consumer market in the cosmetic, vehicle manufacturing and aerospace industries grows, the demand for manufacturing industries using on injection mold technology. Also, such manufacturing technology of metal machining is expensive, and the shape is limited. Cosmetic cushion fact products are divided into outer relevant to the exterior of the product and inner containers containing the actual contents. In the case of the inner container, it needs to be combined with the upper and lower cases. As environmental regulations are strengthened internationally, the use of a large number of component parts can result in significant losses in recycling and economics. Therefore, this study aims to perform injection molding analysis through injection molding simulation to develop a cushion fact container that can be recycled through the unification of products and materials using polypropylene to cope with environmental regulations. In the case of injection molding conditions, Injection Time(sec): 4.5, Cooling Time(sec): 13, Resin Temperature($^{\circ}C$): 240, and Pressure(MPa): 30 were determined. The results of injection molding simulation according to the two design methods were compared with the sync mark which shows the problem of filling and injection molding.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.968-973
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• 2003

As environmental restrictions have continuously become more strict, it has emphasized development of environment-friendly technologies. In cutting technology, it has been well recognized that cutting fluids might have undesirable effects on worker's health and working environment and, hence, recently there have been numerous attempts to minimize harmful effects of cutting fluids on environments. To minimize the use of cutting fluids in machining, conventional cutting fluids have been replaced with the technologies of pressurized cold air and minimum quantity lubrication(MQL). Compared with milling, turning is a continuous cutting process, where tools are continuously heated up and lack of lubricity could lead to tool wear and deteriorated surface roughness. In this study, it has been investigated how tool wear and surface roughness could be affected by cutting conditions, supply and cooling methods. The experimental results show that MQL technology is able to minimize harmful effects of conventional cutting fluids.