• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제13권11호
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• pp.890-896
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• 2003

It is said that the goal of the design of good acoustical environment is at first the reduction of undesirable sounds. and in addition the introduction of desirable sounds by which our minds are soothed. The task of creating the desirable sounds leads to the realization of a comfortable acoustic environment and the design of soundscape. It may be an important starting point of soundscape design to select suitable sounds for the target spaces. because each space has a different surrounding condition and requires a special ambient sound. This paper aims to survey preference of the environmental sounds suitable for the public spaces in urban areas such as parks. bus terminals. 35 kinds of natural sounds are. rated by 26 pairs of adjectives. The results of psycho-acoustic experiments are as follows. 1. The proper adjectives for expressing the environmental sounds are classified into 6 groups of comfort, pleasure, fullness. variety, distinctness. and naturalness. 2. Bird singing. murmuring of a stream, artificial sounds. singing of insects and animals are the affirmative rank of preference. 3. Green musics consisted of music and natural sounds are preferred to the pure natural sounds. 4. Sound level relative to background noise causes various preferences to natural sounds in public spaces.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.1010-1013
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• 2003

It is said that the goal of the design of good acoustical environment is at first the reduction of undesirable sounds, and in addition the introduction of desirable sounds by which our minds are soothed. The task of creating the desirable sounds leads to the realization of a comfortable acoustic environment and the design of soundscape. It may be an important starting point of soundscape design to select suitable sounds for the target spaces, because each space has a different surrounding condition and requires a special ambient sound. This paper aims to survey preference of the environmental sounds suitable for the public spaces in urban areas such as parks, bus terminals. 35 kinds of natural sounds are rated by 26 pairs of adjectives. The results of psycho-acoustic experiments are as follows. 1. The proper adjectives for expressing the environmental sounds are classified into 6 groups of comfort, pleasure, fullness, variety, distinctness, naturalness. 2. Bird singing, murmuring of a stream, artificial sounds, singing of insects and animals are the affirmative order of preference. 3. Green musics consisted of music and natural sounds are preferred to the pure natural sounds. 4. Sound level relative to background noise causes various preferences to natural sounds in public spaces.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.523-526
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• 2007

Currently, there are various sounds in the urban surrounding environment such as natural, human, mechanical or sound, etc., and these urban environmental sounds remain in several memories according to magnitude, repetition, learning and experience of sounds. However, there are limitations in memorizing these environmental sounds, thus they are forgotten or reminded, or replaced with new ones from time to time. This study was attempted to look into the changes of the memory of noisiness annoyance and sharpness of the suggested sound sources with urban environmental sounds as time goes by and the order of memorization of the sound sources.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.31-36
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• 2008

For the comfortable housing life, comfortable and pleasant urban environment should be created for the people living in house and in city. There are lots of environmental conditions in city affecting house and life. Also most of all the noise pollution have been become major factor that makes people's life uncomfortable. Recently soundscape researches have been performed to create comfortable urban environment and various studies on the evaluation of urban environmental sounds are now undergoing. This study aimed to analyse the subjective characteristics through the subjective evaluation to the sounds measured with physical parameters and eventually to find out alternative evaluation method for urban environmental sounds. Adjectives applied to previous studies were used for the subjective evaluation and sound sources recorded in specific places were presented with picture at the same time. As a result, new physical parameters such as Lmax, Unbiased Annoyance, G, N and EmT have a feasibility to evaluation of urban environment sounds in terms of acoustic comfort.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2005년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.670-673
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• 2005

For the comfortable housing life, an urban environment should give comfort and pleasantness to people living in house and in city. There are lots of environmental conditions in city affecting house and life and most of all the noise pollution have been become factor that makes people's life hard without need to say. Recently researches have been performed to create comfortable urban environment and a study on the evaluation of urban environmental sounds is now undergoing. This study aimed to analyse the subjective characteristics through the subjective evaluation to the sounds measured with physical parameters and eventually to find out evaluation method for urban environmental sounds. Vocabularies applied to previous studies were used for the subjective evaluation and sound sources recorded in specific places were presented with picture at the same time.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.817-821
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 환경음 인식에 GMM(Gaussain mixture model)을 이용할 때 MDL(minimum description length)와 BIC(Bayesian information criterion) 모델선택 기준을 이용하여 최적의 혼합모델 개수를 결정하는 방법에 대해 다루었다. 실험은 모두 9가지 종류의 환경음으로부터 12차 MFCC(mel-frequency cepstral coefficients) 특징 27747개를 추출하고 이를 GMM으로 분류하였다. 각 환경음 클래스의 최적 혼합모델 개수를 추정 하기위해 MDL과 BIC를 적용하고 그 결과를 고정 개수의 혼합모델을 사용한 경우와 비교하였다. 실험 결과에 따르면 혼합모델 선택 방법을 적용한 경우가 그렇지 않은 경우에 비해 거의 유사한 인식성능을 유지하면서 계산복잡도는 BIC와 MDL를 통해 각각 17.8%와 31.7%가 감소하는 것을 확인하였다. 이는 GMM을 이용한 환경음 인식에서 BIC와 MDL 적용을 통해 계산복잡도를 효과적으로 감소시킬 수 있음을 보여준다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제11권12호
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• pp.497-503
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 환경음 인식 성능의 향상을 위하여 GMM의 훈련 방식에 MCE 도입을 제안하였다. 이는 환경음 데이터 모델링에 사용할 분류오류함수를 정의할 때 해당 클래스의 로그우도 뿐 아니라 다른 클래스의 로그우도도 같이 고려함으로써 변별력 있는 분류가 이뤄질 수 있게 한다. 모델의 파라미터는 전체 클래스를 고려한 손실함수를 정의하고, GPD(generalized probabilistic descent)알고리즘을 이용하여 추정하였다. 제안된 방법의 인식 성능 비교를 위해 모두 9가지 환경음을 전처리 과정과 MFCC(mel-frequency cepstral coefficients)를 이용하여 12차 특징을 추출하고, 이를 혼합 성분의 수에 따라 GMM 분류 실험을 행하였다. 실험 결과에 따르면 혼합 성분을 19개 사용한 경우에서 MCE 훈련 방식이 평균 87.06%의 인식률로 가장 좋은 성능을 보였다. 이 결과로 제안한 MCE 훈련 방식이 환경음 인식에서 GMM의 훈련 방식으로 효과적으로 사용될 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2004년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.810-813
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• 2004

The task of introducing sounds leads to the realization of a comfortable acoustic environment and the design of good soundscape. This paper aims to rate the preference of environmental sounds suitable to the public spaces such as park, garden, bus terminal, urban street. And aims to search for the methodology how to select the introducing sounds by subjective and objective procedures. Seventeen kinds of introducing sounds were rated by nine adjectives in the presence of visual site informations. Also adequate sound levels were calculated by adjusting the volume of introducing sounds in the presence of the background sounds and visual informations. The results of psycho-acoustic experiments are as follows. 1. Proposal of various introducing sounds were evaluated to be possible at the rather calm natural park. 2. The introducing sounds which have opposite visual image or already existing at the place were evaluated not adequate to the sound circumstances of the place. 3. By the sounds with the same meaning, the identity of the street and the improvement of sound circumstance can be obtained.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.734-737
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• 2006

For the comfortable housing life, an urban environment should give comfort and pleasantness to people living in house and in city. There are lots of environmental conditions in city affecting house and life and most of all the noise pollution have been become factor that makes people's life hard without need to say. Recently researches have been performed to create comfortable urban environment and a study on the evaluation of urban environmental sounds is now undergoing. This study aimed to analyse the subjective characteristics through the subjective evaluation to the sounds measured with physical parameters and eventually to find out evaluation method for urban environmental sounds. Vocabularies applied to previous studies were used for the subjective evaluation and sound sources recorded in specific places were presented with picture at the same time.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제14권8호
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• pp.3384-3398
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• 2020

In recent years, as the environment has become an important issue in dealing with food, energy, and urban development, diverse environment-related applications such as environmental monitoring and ecosystem management have emerged. In such applications, automatic classification of animals using video or sound is very useful in terms of cost and convenience. So far, many works have been done for animal sounds classification using artificial intelligence techniques such as a convolutional neural network. However, most of them have dealt only with the sound of a specific class of animals such as bird sounds or insect sounds. Due to this, they are not suitable for classifying various types of animal sounds. In this paper, we propose a sound classification scheme based on a multi-feature network for classifying sounds of multiple species of animals. To do that, we first collected multiple animal sound datasets and grouped them into classes. Then, we extracted their audio features by generating mixed records and used those features for training. To evaluate the effectiveness of our scheme, we constructed an animal sound classification model and performed various experiments. We report some of the results.