• 마케팅과학연구
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.44-56
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• 2009

冲动购买是指一个没有预先购物意向的立即购买. 以往对冲动购买的研究主要集中于和营销组合变量, 环境因素, 消费人口和特征相关的因素. 在以前的研究中, 营销组合变量如产品种类, 产品类型和氛围, 包括广告, 优惠券, 销售活动, 促销刺激销售点, 和媒体格式都已被用于评估产品信息. 有些作者还着重围绕消费者的情境因素. 如信用卡的使用, 时间, 产品运输性, 发现购物同伴的存在和数量对冲动购买/冲动趋势有积极的影响. 研究也已评估了个体特征的影响, 如年龄, 性别, 以及消费者的教育程度, 以及拥挤的感知, 刺激和接触的需要等因素对冲动购买的影响. 概括来说, 以前的研究发现所有的产品都可以被冲动地购买(Vohs and Faber, 2007), 即环境因素可以影响或至少促使冲动购买行为. 最近新的分销渠道的推出, 例如家庭购物渠道, 折扣店和网上商店, 这些24小时都营业的形式增加了冲动购买的可能性. 然而, 以前的文献重点关注情境和营销变量, 因此这些研究所考虑的消费者的主要特征仍然是缺乏的. 为了弥补这个缺陷, 本研究根据研究的第三个惯例并关注个体特质变量, 这些是很少被研究的. 更具体地来说, 本研究探索了冲动购买趋势对冲动购买行为是否有积极的影响, 并评估了消费者特点例如认知闭合需要(NFCC), 心理健康和人际敏感性是如何影响消费者冲动购买的趋势. 这项调查结果显示, 消费者的情感冲动, 对冲动购买行为产生积极的影响, 而认知冲动并没有对冲动购买行为的影响. 此外, 情感冲动购买倾向是被认知闭合需要的构成因素所推动的, 如果断和模糊不适; 心理健康, 如环境控制和生活的目标, 以及规范和信息的影响. 此外, 认知冲动倾向是被认知闭合需要的构成因素所驱动的决断, 模棱两可的不适和密切的态度, 心理健康和环境控制, 以及规范性和信息的影响. 本研究具有重要理论意义. 第一, 情感冲动对冲动购买行为有巨大影响. 以前的研究根据情感和流动理论提出, 低到中等程度的冲动是自我控制减少或自我监管机制失败所造成的. 本研究证实了上述观点. 二, 本研究通过确认冲动购买趋势可以看做是情感和认知两个维度的二维概念, 并说明冲动购买行为主要是由情感冲动解释, 而不是认知冲动. 第三, 目前的研究有新的概念, 如在本研究的模型中作为潜在影响因子的心理健康和认知闭合需要, 从而对现有的文献做出了贡献. 通过多维概念例如心理健康和认知闭合需要, 有关消费者信息过程的多个方面可以被评估. 第五, 本研究通过确定规范和信息这两个竞争路线扩展了现有的文献. 规范影响发生在个人符合别人的期望或提高他们的自我形象时. 而信息的影响发生在个人搜索来自他人知识信息和观察他人行为之后的推论. 本研究显示了这两个相互竞争的社会影响力的路线, 可以归因于不同影响力的来源. 目前的研究也有许多实际的启示. 首先, 它表明, 公司应该更多关注其首要的目标, 有情感冲动的消费者. 这一方面公司可以创造更振奋精神的购物环境. 二, 目前的结果表明, 认知闭合需要与认知方面的冲动有密切相关的. 这些人是被不经意的想法所驱动的, 而不是感觉或兴奋. 在购买点理性的广告会吸引这些客户. 第三, 容易受规范性影响的消费群是另一个潜在的目标市场. 零售商和制造商, 通过宣传其产品和/或可用于识别或符合愿望组在对他人的期望的产品服务. 但是, 作为一个细分市场, 零售商应避免目标消费群易受信息的影响. 这些人对有关购买的产品服务进行了广泛的信息搜索, 因此更详细, 长期理性的广告信息可以内化这些消费者的思想过程. 本文的结果有几个原因应慎重解释. 这项研究采用了数量较少的便利样本, 而且只调查了两个维度的行为. 为此, 今后的研究应包括更多样化特点和衡量行为的不同方面的样本. 未来的研究还应该调查与情感作用理论密切相关的个性特征. 在以后的研究中, 特征变量会是很另人感兴趣的领域, 如感觉的好奇, 人际敏感性的好奇心, 和气氛反应.

• 공업화학
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.148-153
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• 2010

본 연구는 녹차씨의 다양한 용도개발을 위한 기초자료를 얻기 위해 추출방법에 따른 녹차씨유의 물리화학적 특성 및 저장에 따른 안정성 테스트를 하였다. 녹차씨유의 수율은 SGS법을 이용할 경우 수율이 가장 높게 나타났고 비중은 추출방법에 관계없이 $0.91{\sim}0.94g/cm^{3}$ 범위였다. 명도는 SG법을 이용할 때가 가장 밝았으며, 적색도는 PRGS법을 이용할 경우가 가장 높게 나타났고 황색도의 경우는 SG법을 이용할 경우가 가장 높았다. 여러 지방산 중에서 C16 : 0, C18 : 1, 및 C18 : 2가 농도가 가장 높았다. 특히 C18 : 1 농도는 PGS (43.35%) > SGS (42.7%) > SG (39.0%)법의 순으로 다른 지방산에 비해 높은 수준이었다. 포화 지방산 농도는 SG (40.46%) > PGR (31.49%) > SGS (29.96%)법 순이었고 불포화 지방산의 경우는 SGS (69.9%) > PGR (68.39%) > SG (59.41%) 법 순이었다. SGS 및 SG법에 의해 추출된 녹차씨유의 산가는 저장기간이 10일 이후부터는 $6{\sim}8mgKOH/g$ 범위였다. 그러나 PGR법에 의해 추출된 녹차씨유의 산가는 저장기간과 비례하여 저장 60일 후에 49.3 mgKOH/g였다. SGS 및 SG법에 의해 추출된 녹차씨유의 과산화물가는 저장기간 10일부터 60일까지는 60~100 mEq/g 범위였다. 그러나 PGR법에 의해 추출된 녹차씨유의 과산화물가는 저장기간이 10일에서 30일로 증가할 경우 평균 60에서 240 mEq/g로 증가했다. 녹차씨유의 산패축진 작용도는 추출방법에 관계없이 $Fe^{2+}$ > $Cu^{2+}$ > $Cr^{2+}$ > $Zn^{2+}$ > $Ni^{2+}$의 순서로 나타났다. 특히 $Fe^{2+}$이 함유된 녹차씨유에 BHA을 첨가할 경우 과산화물가는 평균 60%가 감소하였고 $Cu^{2+}$의 경우는 평균 63%가 감소하였다. 이상의 결과는 녹차(Camellia sinensis) 씨유는 화장품, 세제, 그리고 식의약품 재료로써 가치가 있다고 사료된다.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 1992

The purpose of this thesis is to provide the framework of the health education curriculum on a school level which should be accomplishe in futrue and farthermore to establish the health education as a independent and regular course. The relation among the status in quo and the satisfaction degree of health education, the degree of the knowledge about health, the degree of the understanding of the health education and the degree of requirement for the health education curriculum has been analyzed in this paper. The research has been carried out through the questionnaire forms distributed to the girl students and the instructors at a few general senior high school and vocational senior high schools in Seoul, and the consequences are as follows : 1. As to the degree of understanding of the health education, it has been indicated that the health education should be performed one or two hours a week from the elementary school for all the boy and girl students by the experts trained in the departments concerned with health. 2. Concerning the degree of requirement for health education curriculum, the high school girl students have shown the need for first aid, sex education, environmental health, drinking, smoking, drug abuse, maternal and child health, industrial health, safety health, mental health, growth & development, epidemiology, the old health in the order named. On the other hand, the instructors have shown the need for drinking, smoking, drug abuse, sex education, maternal and child health, public health and industrial health also in the order named. The items having low degree of requirement are biostatistics, community health and health administration in case of the gril students and biostatistics, health administration and health economics in case of the instructors. 3. The status in quo and the satisfaction degree of the health education has proved higher in senior high school curriculums than in junior high school curriculums, and the most instructive course about health has turned out to be gymnastics in junior high school and the training course in senior high school respectively. 4. As to the degree of understanding of the health education in case of the girl students, the significance has been found between the health condition and the time for performing the health education, the monthly income and the objects for the health education, and the school records and the school hours per week. The significance has been shown only in regard to the school records in case of the degree of requriement for the health education curriculum. 5. The degree of requirement for the health education in case of the instructors has shown the significance between the teching career and the need for the health education. In addition, the degree of requirement for the health education curriculum has indicated significance with regard to sex and age. 6. The degress of the understanding of the health education according to the degree of knowledge about health and the degree of requirement for the health educatio curriculum have been all turned out to be statistically significant. 8. Among the factors which have an influence on the degree of the understanding of the health education, the recognition of the relation between the health course and the training course has significatly influenced the selection of the health education instructors. In additon, the understanding of the need for the health eduation has significantly influenced the objects for the instructors and the school hours, and the understanding of the need for establishing the health education course has significatly influenced the time for performing the health education.

• 분석과학
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.521-530
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• 1993

몬트리올의정서에 의하여 오존층 파괴물질로 규정된 전자산업의 필수불가결한 세정제인 CFC 113(1,1,2-trichloro 1,2,2,-trifluoroethane)의 사용이 앞으로 규제가 됨에 따라서 대체세정제의 개발이 활발히 진행되고 있다. 따라서 현재 시판중인 세정제의 종류는 상당히 많다. 이 중에서 Axarel 32(DuPont), Cleanthru 750H(KAO Chemical), EC-Ultra(Petroferm)를 선정하여 CFC 113과 세정성능을 비교하였다. CFC 113과 대체세정제의 세정성능 검사방법은 기본적은 물성측정, 재질호환성에 대한 실험, 증발속도의 측정, 오염물질의 제거효율에 관한 실험으로 구성되어 있다. CFC 113과 대체세정제들의 기본적인 물성들은 서로 상이하였다. 대체세정제는 비점이 높고 표면장력과 점도가 CFC 113보다 큰 값을 가지고 있다. 전자산업에서의 로진계 flux를 오염물질로 하고 각기의 세정제와의 용해도를 비교한 결과 비극성 유기물질은 abietic acid에 대한 용해도는 서로 유사하였으나 대체세정제의 경우 극성 유기물질에 대한 용해도는 CFC 113에 비해서 월등히 좋았다. 또한 비점이 낮은 CFC 113의 건조성은 대체세정제와는 비교할 수 없을 정도로 우수하였고 특히 대체세정제 중에서 EC-Ultra는 건조성이 매우 낮았다. CFC 113과 대체세정제에서의 PCB의 구성 재질인 FR4와 Cu-coated FR4에 대한 재질호환성은 거의 비슷하였다. Abietic acid의 제거효율에 관한 실험에서는 초음파 세정에 의해서 우수한 세정효과를 보여 주었으며 침적에 의해 세정에서는 건조성이 좋은 세정제가 유리하지만 초음파 세정에 의해서 대체세정제간의 제거효율의 차이는 거의 없었다. CFC 113의 대체세정제로서 로진계 flux를 제거하는 대체세정제간의 세정성능은 큰 차이는 없으나 최종 세정제로 선정하기 위해서는 세정장치의 적용, 환경문제 및 경제성의 고려가 병행되어야 한다.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.389-409
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• 1999

This study was carried out to identify the differences between nursing needs and levels of satisfaction of postpartum women during the early postpartum period. The goal of this study was to obtain needed to develope the nursing quality for postpartum women. The subjects were 87 postpartum women who had vaginal delivery at 2 general hospital and 2 maternity hospital in the Ulsan City. The period for the data collection was from June 1 to 29, 1999. The data was gathered using an 98 items questionnaire which was a modified version of a questionnaire the developed by Y. J. Chun. Results found are as follows : 1. The general characteristics of the subjects : The majority of subjects were 25-29 yrs. (57.5%), high school and college graduates(96.5%), unemployed(75.9%), middle ranged economics(93.1%), had no religion(43.7%), male baby(52.9%), birth weight 3-3.5Kg(49.4%), wanted pregnancy(96.6%), no abortion history(50.6%), had antenatal care(89.7%), had prenatal education(32.2%), postnatal education(42.5%), intended breast feeding (46.0%), had resonable self confidence about self(20.7%), infant care(36.8%) and nuclear family pattern(82.3%). 2. The level of nursing needs of overall nursing care(3.93) and the levels of satisfaction(3.86) was relatively high. The nursing needs by category of nursing care, the highest need was in the emotional and psychological care(4.09), and the lowest need was in physical need(3.73). The satisfactions by category of nursing care, the highest satisfaction was in emotional and psychological care(4.11) and the lowest satisfaction was in education in self care(3.64). The significant differences between nursing needs and satisfactions were found on education in infant care(p=.005), and education in self care(p=.020). 3. Among items of physical care, 'accurate medication and treatment(4.21)', 'control of postpartum hemorrhage(4.13)', 'pain control and care of episiotomy wound (4.12)' and 'regular observation of postpartum conditions(4.09)' showed high nursing needs. 'Accurate medication and treatment(4.31)', 'regular observation of postpartum condition(4.24)', 'control of postpartum hemorrhage(4.22)' and 'pain control and care of episiotomy wound(4.12)' showed high satisfaction levels. 4. Among items of emotional and psychological care, 'personal treatment(4.32)', kind and faithful care(4.30)', 'detailed explanation on the treatment or nursing care(4.25)', 'adequate draping during the care and treatment(4.23)' and detailed explanation on a doubt(4.13)', showed high nursing needs, 'personal treatment(4.52)', 'kind and faithful care(4.45)', 'detailed explanation on a doubt(4.24)', 'detailed explanation on the treatment or nursing care(4.21)' and 'adequate draping during the care and treatment(4.18)' showed high satisfaction of nursing care. Difference between the level of nursing needs and satisfaction was significant except item of 'early contacts with their baby and breast feeding'. 5. Among items of environmental care, the highest level of need and satisfaction were on the items of 'neat bedding and clothes(4.05, 4.21)' and 'room cleansing or care of room(4.01, 4.28)'. Differences between the level of nursing care and satisfaction were 'room cleansing of care of room'. 6. Among items of educational needs on self care, 'sitz bath method(4.22)', 'high risk symptoms to immediate clinic visits(4.13)', 'the timing of tub bath(4.05)' and 'good secretion of breast milk(4.03)', showed high nursing needs, 'sitz bath method(4.22)' showed high satisfaction of nursing care. Differences between the level of nursing care and satisfaction were 'the timing of hair shampoo', 'the timing of tub bath', ' the method of pad change', 'postpartum exercise', 'good secretion of breast milk', 'maintenance of breast figure', 'contraindicated drugs in postpartum women', 'kegel exercise' and 'breast self examination'. 7. Among items of educational needs on infant care, 'immunization of infants(4.36)', 'symptoms of sickness to immediate clinic visits(4.28)'. 'safety and emergency care(4.28)', 'umbilical care(4.26)', 'feeding times and intervals(4.24)', 'normal growth and development of infant(4.24)' and 'infection control(4.22)', showed high level of nursing care, 'immunization of infants(4.21)', 'feeding times and intervals(4.17)', were high satisfaction items showed significant differences between the level of nursing care and satisfaction. 8. Relationship between nursing needs and levels of satisfaction among postpartum women were as follows : 1) Physical area : There were no significant differences in the level of nursing needs, but satisfaction levels were significantly different among 'working mothers', 'baby's weights', 'baby's sex', 'planning of feeding' and 'routes of receiving postpartum informations'. 2) Emotional and psychological area : The level of nursing needs were significantly different in the area of 'confidence in self care'. Satisfaction levels were significantly different among 'baby's sex', 'baby's weights', 'the confidence of infant care' and 'working mother'. 3) Environment area : There were on significant differences in the level of nursing needs, but satisfaction levels were significantly different among 'maternal age' and 'baby's weights'. 4) Education in self care : The level of nursing needs were significantly different among 'parity history' and 'type of family formation'. Satisfaction levels were significantly different among 'working mother', 'baby's sex', 'antenatal care', 'postpartum education', 'planning of feeding', 'routes of receiving postpartum informations'. 5) Education in infant care area : The level of nursing needs were significantly different among 'parity history'. Satisfaction levels were significantly different among 'baby's sex', 'receiving postpartum education or not' and 'working mother'.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제10권7호
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• pp.33-41
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to analyse the state of the energy industry and to determine the efficiency of its functioning on the basis of energy conservation principle and application of innovative technologies aimed at improving the ecological modernisation of agricultural sectors of Kazakhstan. The research methodology is based on an integrated approach of financial and economic evaluation of the effectiveness of the investment project, based on calculation of elasticity, total costs and profitability, as well as on comparative, graphical and system analysis. The current stage is characterised by widely spread restructuring processes of electric power industry in many countries through introduction of new technical installations of energy facilities and increased government regulation in order to enhance the competitive advantage of electricity market. Electric power industry features a considerable value of creating areas. For example, by providing scientific and technical progress, it crucially affects not only the development but also the territorial organisation of productive forces, first of all the industry. In modern life, more than 90% of electricity and heat is obtained by Kazakhstan's economy by consuming non-renewable energy resources: different types of coal, oil shale, oil, natural gas and peat. Therefore, it is significant to ensure energy security, as the country faces a rapid fall back to mono-gas structure of fuel and energy balance. However, energy resources in Kazakhstan are spread very unevenly. Its main supplies are concentrated in northern and central parts of the republic, and the majority of consumers of electrical power live in the southern and western areas of the country. However, energy plays an important role in the economy of industrial production and to a large extent determines the level of competitive advantage, which is a promising condition for implementation of energy-saving and environmentally friendly technologies. In these circumstances, issues of modernisation and reforms of this sector in Kazakhstan gain more and more importance, which can be seen in the example of economically sustainable solutions of a large local monopoly company, significant savings in capital investment and efficiency of implementation of an investment project. A major disadvantage of development of electricity distribution companies is the prevalence of very high moral and physical amortisation of equipment, reaching almost 70-80%, which significantly increases the operating costs. For example, while an investment of 12 billion tenge was planned in 2009 in this branch, in 2012 it is planned to invest more than 17 billion. Obviously, despite the absolute increase, the rate of investment is still quite low, as the total demand in this area is at least more than 250 billion tenge. In addition, industrial infrastructure, including the objects of Kazakhstan electric power industry, have a tangible adverse impact on the environment. Thus, since there is a large number of various power projects that are sources of electromagnetic radiation, the environment is deteriorated. Hence, there is a need to optimise the efficiency of the organisation and management of production activities of energy companies, to create and implement new technologies, to ensure safe production and provide solutions to various environmental aspects. These are key strategic factors to ensure success of the modern energy sector of Kazakhstan. The contribution of authors in developing the scope of this subject is explained by the fact that there was not enough research in the energy sector, especially in the view of ecological modernisation. This work differs from similar works in Kazakhstan in the way that the proposed method of investment project calculation takes into account the time factor, which compares the current and future value of profit from the implementation of innovative equipment that helps to bring it to actual practise. The feasibility of writing this article lies in the need of forming a public policy in the industrial sector, including optimising the structure of energy disbursing rate, which complies with the terms of future modernised development of the domestic energy sector.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.391-401
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 우리나라 19세 이상 성인의 사회경제적 수준에 따른 플라보노이드 섭취행태와 그에 따른 식생활 특성을 파악하기 위해 제 4 5기 국민건강영양조사 (2007~2012) 자료의 24시간 회상법 자료와 상용식품 중 플라보노이드 함량 데이터베이스를 연계하여, 1일 총 플라보노이드 및 개별 플라보노이드 (플라보놀, 플라본, 플라바논, 플라반-3-올, 안토시아닌, 프로안토시아닌, 이소플라본)의 섭취량을 추정하였다. 그 결과, 한국 19세 이상 성인의 1일 평균 총 플라보노이드 섭취량은 남자가 321.8 mg/d, 여자가 308.3 mg/d였으며, 남녀 모두에서 가구소득수준이 높을수록 플라본과 이소플라본을 제외한 개별 플라보노이드 및 개별 플라보노이드 섭취량이 증가하였고, 교육수준이 높을수록 플라보놀, 플라반-3-올, 안토시아닌 등의 개별 플라보노이드와 총 플라보노이드의 섭취량이 유의하게 증가하였다. 소득수준과 교육수준에 따라 플라보노이드 섭취량에 가장 큰 차이가 있었던 식품군은 음료류로, 가구소득 수준과 교육수준이 가장 높은 군은 가장 낮은 군에 비해 음료류로부터 섭취하는 총 플라보노이드가 각각 2.7~2.9배, 8.2~8.9배 가량 더 많았다. 가구소득수준과 교육수준이 복합적으로 플라보노이드 섭취에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과, 교육수준이 '대졸 이상'이면서, 가구소득수준이 상, 중 상인 군은 교육수준이 '중졸 이하'이면서 가구소득수준이 하, 중하인 군에 비해 플라보노이드 섭취량이 낮을 위험이 남자에서 63%, 여자에서 50% 더 적은 것으로 나타났다. 추후 사회경제적 수준에 따른 플라보노이드 섭취량과 임상적 지표 혹은 질병의 유병률 등과의 연관성에 대한 후속 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.77-93
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• 1999

This study is aiming at identifying the foreward and backward lingkage effects of the farm land base development project. Korean Government has continuously carried out farmland base development projets including the integrated agricultural development projects. large and medium scale irrigation projects and the comprehensive development of the four big river basin including tidal land reclamation and estuary dam construction for the all weather farming since 1962. the starting year of the five year economic development plans. Consequently the irrigation rate of paddy fields in Korea reached to 75% in 1998 and to escalate the irrigation rate, the Government had procured heavy investment fund from IBRD. IMF and OECF etc. To cope with the agricultural problems like trade liberalization in accordance with WTO policy, the government has tried to solve such problems as new farmland base development policy, preservation of the farmland and expansion of farmland to meet self-sufficiency of foods in the future. Especially, farmland base development projects have been challanged to environmental and ecological problems in evaluating economic benefits and costs where the value of non-market goods have not been included in those. Up to data, in evaluating benefits and costs of the projects, farmland base development projects have been confined to direct incremental value of farm products and it's related costs. Therefore the projects'efficiency as a decision making criteria has shown the low level of economic efficiencies. In estimating economic efficiencies including Leontiefs input-output analysis of the projects could not be founded in Korea at present. Accordingly this study is aimed at achieving and identifying the following objectives. (1) To identify the problems related to the financial supports of the Government in implementing the proposed projects. (2) To estimated backward and foreward linkage effects of the proposed project from the view point of national economy as a whole. To achieve the objectives, Hwangrak benefited area with reservoir which is located in Seosan-haemi Disticts, Chungnam Province were selected as a case study. The main results of the study are summarized as follows : a. The present value of investment and O & M cost were amounted to 3,510million won and the present value of the value added in related industries was estimated at 5.913million won for the period of economic life of 70 years. b. The total discounted value of farm products in the concerned industries derived by the project was estimated at 10,495million won and the foreward and backward linkage effects of the project were amounted to 6,760 and 5,126million won respectively. c. The total number of employment opportunities derived from the related industries for the period of project life were 3,136 man/year. d. Farmland base development projects were showed that the backward linkage effects estimated by index of the sensitivity dispersion were larger than the forward linkage effect estimated by index of the power of dispersion. On the other hand, the forward linkage effect of rice production value during project life was larger than the backward linkage effect e. The rate of creation of new job opportunity by means of implementing civil engineering works were shown high in itself rather than any other fields. and the linkage effects of production of the project investment were mainly derived from the metal and non-metal fields. f. According to the industrial linkage effect analysis, farmland base development projects were identified economically feasible from the view point of national economy as a whole even though the economic efficiencies of the project was outstandingly decreased owing to delaying construction period and increasing project costs.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.10-27
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• 2017

최근 들어 급속한 도시화로 자연환경에 대한 인식의 중요성과 보존의 필요성이 높아지고 있다. 세계 5대 연안습지이자 명승 41호인 순천만은 우리나라 갯벌 가운데 염습지가 남아있는 유일한 갯벌이며, 생태적 측면에서 높은 보존 가치를 지니고 있다. 또한 순천만국가정원과 더불어 방문객뿐만 아니라 지역주민에게 경제적, 환경적, 역사 문화적 측면에서 다양한 편익을 제공하고 있으나, 연간 2백 만명의 탐방객이 지속적으로 방문하고 있어 생태적 수용력의 한계에 대한 지적이 끊임없이 제기되고 있다. 이러한 순천만습지의 가치평가는 지역경제 활성화를 위한 관광 자원적 측면의 가치보다 보존적 측면의 가치를 측정하는 것이 향후 순천만습지의 지속가능성을 위해 더 중요하다고 볼 수 있다. 본 연구는 가상가치평가법(CVM)으로 순천만습지의 경제적 가치를 평가하기 위해 확률선택모형(Probabilistic Choice Model) 중 일반적으로 많이 사용되는 로짓모형(Logit Model)을 이용하였다. 순천만습지의 보존가치의 비중을 1인 1일 편익인 8,200원에 적용하면 탐방을 통한 편익은 2,050원, 관리 및 보존적 가치는 3,034원, 유산적 가치는 3,116원으로 나타났다. 그 결과 순천만습지의 연간 탐방을 통한 편익은 44.3억 원, 관리 및 보존적 가치는 65.5억 원, 유산적 가치는 67.3억 원으로 나타났으며, 연간 유료방문객수로 환산할 경우 보존가치는 약 177.1억 원의 효과를 가지는 것으로 분석되었다. 본 연구는 순천만습지의 이용과 보존적 측면의 경제적 가치를 평가하여 순천만습지의 잠재적 가치의 근거를 제시하고, 순천만습지의 효율적 관리 및 정책수립의 기초자료를 제공하고자 수행되었다. 본 연구는 '탐방을 통한 편익', '관리 및 보존적 가치', '유산적 가치' 측면의 인식 파악을 바탕으로 순천만습지의 생태적 지속가능성과 비시장재의 가치를 평가했다는 점에서 연구의 의의가 있으며 향후 순천만습지와 순천만국가정원의 입장료 통합징수에 관한 정책결정 자료로 활용될 수 있다.

• 한국항만경제학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.141-160
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• 2018

본 논문에서는 황산화물(SOx) 배출저감 규제에 대한 국적선사의 인식과 대응 전략을 분석하기 위해 국제해사기구(IMO)의 환경규제 현황과 선박으로부터의 대기오염방지를 위한 규칙인 국제해양오염방지협약(MARPOL) 부속서 VI, 황산화물(SOx) 배출저감 기술적 방안, 해운산업과 국적선사의 경영현황을 살펴 보았다. 그리고 국적선사들 대상으로 설문을 진행하여 국적선사의 규제와 영향에 대한 인식과 대응 전략을 분석하였다. 평가요인의 선정 작업을 거쳐 국적선사를 대상으로 설문을 실시하였다. 빈도 및 교차 분석을 진행하여 규모별, 주력선종별 선사의 인식과 대응 전략의 차이, 국적선사의 대응 전략의 방향성을 알아보았다. 관련 선행연구 및 문헌들을 검토하면서 그 동안 국내외에서 다양한 관점으로 황산화물(SOx) 배출저감에 관한 여러 연구들이 시행되어왔음을 확인하였다. 본 연구에서도 규제 대응을 위한 기술적 방안들과 경제성 분석 관련 기존 연구들을 고찰하여 평가요인을 선정하였다. 분석 결과 대형선사가 중소 벌크선사에 비해 규제 대응의 준비가 원활히 실행되고 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 선사 규모와 주력선종별 선사의 규제에 따르는 환경적인 영향에 대한 인식이나 대응 전략에 대한 방향성은 비슷한 것으로 나타났다. 규제의 시행까지 약 2년이 남은 상황에서 정부와 관련기관의 지원 정책과 선사별 체계적인 분석과 계획을 바탕으로 적절한 대응 방안을 모색할 필요가 있다. 본 연구를 통해 국적선사들을 대상으로 주력선종별 선사들의 인식과 대응 전략의 차이를 파악하였지만 구체적인 대응 전략이나 기업의 데이터 수집의 한계가 존재하였다. 향후 연구에서는 본 연구의 한계점을 극복하여 보다 심도 있는 연구가 진행되어야 할 것으로 사료된다. 해운산업 관계자들이 황산화물(SOx) 배출저감 규제 대응 준비에 대한 중요성을 인식하고 국가적으로 중요한 해운산업의 경쟁력을 확보하기 위하여 최적의 대응 전략이 수립되기를 기대한다.