• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.57-66
• /
• 2012

Background: The main purpose of this study was to know the educational environment on physical therapists who were working at clinical field after graduation. Methods: The subjects of this study were 241 therapists who took and OMPT or PNF course at Seoul, Incheon and Kyounggido. The data were collected during April to June 2012. The data were analysis by SPSS PC by cross-tab, mean, percentage. Results: The general characteristics of physical therapists who took post-graduate education: female (56.0%), 1-3 years clinical experience (41.5%), 25-29 years old (46.5%). The main reason to take post-graduate educational program was to learn more high quality therapeutic skills for the patients treatment (88.4%). But the condition of environment wes poor such as they pay all of expenses by themselves (54.9%), not permit to take international post-graduate educational program (77.2%). Conclusions : For the better post-graduate educational environment for the physical therapists, it needs systemic plan and sequential strategy with passion for the future.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
• /
• 1998.10a
• /
• pp.523-526
• /
• 1998

In an ongoing project at ETRI-CSTL, A debugger for distributed programs that run on a varied collection of machines is being built. To build such debugger, a clientserver model is incorporated. This strategy enables us to provide a unified user interface and isolate debugger core from the user interface. Several debugging servers running on a diverse set of platforms permit the implementation of a distributed debugger for heterogeneous environment, and the single debugging client provides unified debugging concept and graphical user interface over various servers. Also, the precise specification of the interaction protocol between the client and server facilitates client to be paired with a variety of server implementantations. This paper describes the design and implementation of our debugger, concentrating on the system architecture.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
• /
• 2003.09a
• /
• pp.73-77
• /
• 2003

Red mud is a waste material formed during the production of alumina when the bauxite ore is subjected to caustic leaching. It is a brick-red colored highly alkaline (pH 10-12) sludge containing mostly oxides of iron, aluminum, titanium, and silica. Red mud, due to its high aluminum, iron, and calcium contents, has been suggested as a cheap adsorbent for removal of toxic metals (e.g., As, Cr, Pb, Cd) as well as for water or wastewater treatment. The basic advantage of red mud is its versatility in application. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of red mud on stabilization and fixation of heavy metals (such as Pb, Cu, C $r^{6+}$, Cd, Zn) contained in the Al-coating sludge and soil. The results showed that the concentration of heavy metals leached from the treated sludge and soil was low, meeting the regulatory permit level.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.11 no.5
• /
• pp.2453-2467
• /
• 2017

Wireless communication is a telecommunication technology, which enables wireless transmission between the portable devices to provide wireless access in all types of environments. In this research, the measurements and various empirical models are analysed and compared in order to find out a suitable propagation model to provide guidelines for cell planning of wireless communication systems. The measured data was taken in urban region with low vegetation and some trees at 900 MHz frequency band. Path loss models are useful planning tools, which permit the designers of cellular communication to obtain optimal levels for the base station deployment and meeting the expected service level requirements. Outcomes show that these empirical models tend to overestimate the propagation loss. As one of the key outputs, it was observed that the calculations of Weissberger model fit with the measured data in urban environment.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.54-61
• /
• 2007

Machining processes produce high accurate metallic parts in metal working industries. Lubrication for machining enhances quality of machined surface and it prolongs the life of cutting tools. Since lubricant is poisonous to human body and environment, it causes occupational diseases for workers and air pollution in environment. Because of these problems generated, developed countries do not permit the excessive usage of lubricant in machining shops. This research focuses on the development of MQL machining technique that consumes minimal amount of lubricant, which reduces possible outbreak of occupational diseases and air pollution. This research sets experimental equipments for MQL machining. Experiments for this study are designed with major machining parameters in MQL. Through the analysis of experiments, this paper presents the optimal machining parameters.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• v.14 no.2 s.49
• /
• pp.135-141
• /
• 2005

Subsequent to major changes in workplace such as communication method, uncertain organizational environment, and globalizaiton, several studies in workplace have explored the effects of those changes on work outcomes. Especially, employees need to have the balance in working alone and working with others. The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of control over the physical environment by individuals and the effects of flexibility on individual and group work outcomes in the workplace, to examine the effects of distraction on work outcomes, and to suggest a interrelationships among variables. In this study, four hundred and nine questionnaires were collected from employees of three manufacturing corporations in Michigan, U. S. In order to explore the causal interferences among multiple relationships suggested in this study, path analysis was employed using Lisrel 8.54. The results indicated that control over the physical environmental features of the workplace positively influenced job satisfaction. The findings also supported the hypothesis that flexibility is positively related to task group cohesiveness. It was found that distraction was negatively associated with control and flexibility. However, it was not supported that control was positively associated with perceived performance. This study found control and flexibility in the workplace to be important. Some practical implications were suggested emphasizing that control and flexibility allow limited resources to be used in ways that permit individuals to work effectively within a changing work environment.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
• /
• v.32 no.3
• /
• pp.115-124
• /
• 2005

When the application code is downloaded into the mobile device, it is important to provide authentication. Usually, mobile code execution is overlapped with downloading to reduce transfer delay. To the best of our knowledge, there has not been any algorithm to authenticate the mobile code in this environment. In this paper, we present two efficient code authentication schemes that permit overlapping of execution and downloading under the two cases: the first is when the order of transmission of code chunks is determined before the transmission and the second is when this order is determined during the transmission. The proposed methods are based on hash chaining and authentication trees, respectively. Especially, the latter scheme utilizes previously received authentication informations to verify the currently received chunk, which reduces both communication overhead and verification delay. When the application code consists of n chunks, communication overheads of the both schemes are 0(n) and verification delays of these two schemes are O(1) and O(log n), respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
• /
• v.24 no.6_2
• /
• pp.781-786
• /
• 2021

Korean domestic workers are trend to avoid harmful and dangerous jobs calls 3D work due to the poor working conditions. Therefore, the incoming population of foreign workers is increasing to fulfill the required labor force. Mostly these foreign workers are placed in small and medium-size industries. As work that induces musculoskeletal disorders(WMSD) is equally exposed to domestic workers as well as foreign workers, this study attempted to investigate the work burdened by musculoskeletal disorders and derive improvement measures by understanding the actual conditions of the worksites of foreign workers. The result of this investigation defines that the possibility of developing musculoskeletal disorders is very high in the environment in which more than 40% of the respondents work with heavy objects and repetitive work of wrists and elbows. To prevent the symptoms of musculoskeletal disorders among foreign workers, three measures were proposed. To reduce the mandatory check-up period of WMSD under the Occupational Safety and Health Act, to revise the employment permit system, and to enhance the practical help of EPS education. Safety and health management of foreign workers is becoming an essential task not only for securing a workforce but also for the national image. Personal and economic losses at the national level should be minimized through policy support such as financial support for small and medium-sized businesses in Korea and supplementation of legal systems for the protection of foreign workers.

• New & Renewable Energy
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.38-53
• /
• 2022

T Recently, the government has been promoting the expansion and supply of renewable energy as an alternative for achieving carbon neutrality and the nationally determined contributions by 2030. In 2020, the Ministries of Industry and Environment and the Korea Forest Service collaborated to build a nationwide onshore wind energy siting atlas considering wind resources and forestry and environmental regulations focused on central regulations. In this study, the ordinances of the local governments were analyzed to examine the effects of regional location regulations on the expansion of onshore wind power energy generation facilities, in addition to those of central regulations. A development permit standard survey of 226 urban plan ordinances of the local governments nationwide showed that presently in 2022, 52 municipalities are applying regulations on wind energy generation facilities by ordinances. This is twice more than that in 2018, when renewable energy power generation facility development was difficult. Additionally, the location regulations applied by these ordinances were organized by items and regions, and regulatory characteristics, such as the number and scope, were analyzed by regions. To analyze the spatial distribution characteristics, JeollaNamdo was selected as the case area. A spatial DB was established for regulated areas based on the regional and central regulations, and the spatial distribution characteristics and the regulatory scope were compared and analyzed.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
• /
• v.27 no.6
• /
• pp.97-106
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this study is to analyze factors for resolving problems of Jejusi Residential Parking Permit Program and to draw up a plan by examining Jejusi case. This program was started by way of showing an example in October, 2005, and then has been put in practice in the heart of Jejusi since October, 2007. Jejusi government introduced this system to prevent all kinds of accidents by the indiscreet parking near the residental street and to guarantee the rights to live comfortably by encouraging a pleasant parking environment. As the result of the survey which is about residents' participation from the process of decision-making, the answers such as "Should Participate" and "Surely should participate" are at the high rate of 87.5 percent. A matter of the utmost importance is that this system should be reformed to make the visitors pay parking if they want to park near there. Almost 36 percent of the respondents have a negative opinion, and this is because they consider their visitors. Especially the important factors from the Logistic Regression Analysis are that the government should exercise stricter control over illegal parking, that the system should be improved for the visitors to pay parking, and that the government should support the declining sales of the shops near shopping streets. The suggestions are as follows. First, the government should enforce on reducing the illegal parking. Second, they should secure the parking lots for visitors. Third, they should minimize the impact on the declining sales of the shops near shopping streets.