• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.51-61
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• 1995

This paper is discussed on the prospects of packaging industry and technologies of Japan for comming 21th century. It is clear that packaging industry depends on living style and social mechanizms. A trends of numerical consumption, amounts of money and composisition of packaging materials are one of a measure of development of packaging industry. Total consumption of packaging materials in Japan of 1965, 1980 and 1993 were $6,344.5{\times}10^3,\;15,898.7{\times}10^3\;and\;21,603.3{\times}10^3$ tons respectively and also, shipping money of packaging materials were $7,073{\times}10^{11},\;45,421{\times}10^{11}\;and\;63,902{\times}10^{11}$ yen, respectively. It is estimated from these data that the packaging industry is also increasing in future according of GNP of country. Compositions of packaging materials from 1965 to 1993, however, are somewhat changing according to development of new materials or social conditions such as platics packaging or wooden packaging materials. Technical forcasts of packaging industry are shown from view point of national living style, energy and resorces as well as environment of world based on forcasting committee of pulp & paper in Japan, report of research committee for the 21th packaging in JPI and materials of symposium in Kanagawa University in this paper. As a my conclusion, many functional packaging materials shall be developed in the future and accordingly Life Cycle Assesment plays a important role of packaging fields. Furthermore, I am estimating in future the new cellulosic materials such as nonwood fiber resources instead of paper, board, wooden containers and a part of plastic packaging materials shall be developed. This paper is constructed by three items as follow:

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.70-80
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• 2017

Purpose: Recently, various accidents and incidents occurred in our school environment, making it necessary to enhance teachers' competency in school safety management. To this end, this study was conducted to analyze the needs of teachers related to school safety management competency development. Methods: For this purpose, the existing teacher's task analysis related to school safety management was revised and surveys were conducted to measure teachers' present level, expectative level and importance of the items based on the task analysis. To analyze the data, Borich Needs Assessment and The Locus for Focus Model were used. Results: In the t-test between the teachers' present level and expectative level about school safety management, all 39 tasks were related (p<.001). The priorities in developing teachers' competency in school safety management were found to be the 6 tasks listed below: 'To deal with each type of accident,' 'To implement CPR and defibrillator,' 'To use fire extinguishers and fire hydrants,' 'To use descending life lines,' 'To give first aid,' and 'To cope with elevator accidents.' Conclusion: By utilizing the results of the teacher's competency and need assesment as components, teachers' training programs can be made more applicable to the school setting. In addition, more experience-based programs should be considered when designing teachers' training programs in order to apply the priority found from the teacher's need assessment.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.165-178
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• 2019

In an environment transformed by smart factories, measuring the current level of the manufacturing system, deriving improvement targets and tasks and increasing the level of manufacturing competitiveness become the basic activities of the company. However, research on the component analysis and maturity assessment to ensure the future competitiveness of the company is in progress and in the early stages. This study analyzed the existing research on various models, development process, and framework for manufacturing system. In addition, we designed a structural model by deriving the components of future manufacturing system through smart factory related maturity assessment studies. We designed a meta-model that includes an assesment model and a transformation model, and derived the framework development process to propose an integrated framework for the maturity assessment of the future manufacturing system. We verified it by applying it into an actual evaluation project of smart factory.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.309-330
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• 2021

This study was implemented to verify the validity and effectiveness of the current evaluation indicators by analyzing the content and result of the current survey for evaluating a small library, based on the achievement rate of each index. To this end, questions, included in evaluation indices for the small library were reviewed, and survey data from a total of 19,476 libraries during the past 3 years from 2018 to 2020 were investigated to analyze the evaluation scores, differences and achievement rates of each item. It was proposed to delete or add some indicators of the current evaluation category, and to raise supplementally the need for qualitative assesment. Based on the research results, the following implications are suggested. First of all, the evaluation of small libraries should focus on the quality of the services they provide rather than the library environment. Second, demonstrable systematic indicators should be designed and then clearly explained to resolve the ambiguity of the terms used. Third, for better analysis, it is necessary to distinguish evaluation items between public and private small libraries and the assessment process should be done by the local government. Lastly, qualitative evaluation items that can measure users' satisfaction should be added.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.153-159
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• 2016

Gwangyang traffic safety designated area is composed of 3 fairways (Deep water fairway, inbound fairway, and outbound fairway). However, inbound vessels can't use this passage because of Samyeo rock and artificial fishing banks in inbound route. The problem with the rocks and artificial fishing banks has been raised by ship navigators and authorities of the port. This research is about the safety evaluation and management plan of the passage, and we conducted maritime traffic simulation using a model based on a ship operator risks. As a result, assuming that future marine traffic volume is the same as the present, and if the ship operators use 3 fairways and not two, it showed risk reduction of 46.4 % (vessels over 50,000 DWT using DW route) and 57.1 % (vessels over 10,000 DWT using DW route). Also, in a traffic volume condition which is the same as the present, to induce vessels over 50,000 DWT to use DW route is effective in mitigating of risks. Meanwhile, in a condition which increased the traffic volume by 150 %, it is more effective to induce vessels to use DW route. This research is the result of analysis using the model based on ship operator risks, and not cost-effectiveness analysis on the removal of Samyeo rock and artifical fishing banks. This research is expected to be used on setting up the sea route and management plan (particularly, restriction on passing DW route).

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.253-262
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• 2014

This study was conducted to find methods of qualitative landscape assessment for vegetational landscapes using ecological analysis. The study site was Seoraksan National Park in Korea. For this study, differing unique landscape resources were categorized and identified according to ecosystems. After identifying the study areas, the relationship between trail visitor preference and the amount of visible overexposure caused by people to the resources was examined. Landscape resources chosen for ecological analysis at Seoraksan National Park were subalpine vegetation community, high mountain rocks, ombrogenous deciduous broadleaf forest in the valley area, edaphic climax community, big tree community, flowering tree dominant community, autumnal tree dominant community and needle-leaf forest in the subalpine area. As a result of the study, it was found that the landscape resources with the highest correlation to visitor trail preference were big tree community area, flowering tree dominant community area, and needle-leaf forest in the subalpine area. As a result of overlapping the analysis of the amount of visible overexposure to the landscape resources and the analysis of preferential use of trails by visitors, guidance for the appropriate season for each trail can be provided. Since a positive correlation exists between certain sections of the natural landscapes and visitor preference, ecological impact on landscape resource ecosystems did not appear to cover wide areas of the trails, but was limited to certain areas preferred by visitors.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.66-80
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• 1998

With the opening of healthcare market, the health care environment in Korea is anticipating a drastic change. In this Internationally open market environment, it is necessary to introduce a systematic health care plan and DRG system which offer qualitative medical services as well as reduced cost. Purpose of this study is to develop and test the critical pathway for Cesarean section patient in the way to be possible the integrated inpatient management. It was adopted the process of six phases to develop the critical pathway as the theoretical framework implemented by Johns Hopkins Hospital, Maryland, U.S.A. In the first phase, make a selection of diagnosis/procedures to develop. In the second phase, organize a development team consisted of eight expertises working in maternity nursing area. In the third phase, analyze the overall medical service offered to patient through review medical records and decided the service content and the implementation period for the Cesarean section patient. In the forth phase, make out a preliminary critical pathway after verification of expert group on content validity. In the fifth phase, validity operate to ten Cesarean section patients to test implementation in practice by using the preliminary critical pathway, In the sixth phase, defined the final critical pathway. The result of this study was as follows. 1. There were classified 8 categories as monitoring/assesment, treatment, medication, activity, diet, test, consult, education/discharge plan for vertical axis and showed hospital stayed from admission to discharge for horizontal axis of critical pathway through analysis 68 Cesarean section patients medical records. 2. After critical review 68 medical records to make out a preliminary critical pathway, hospital stays for horizontal axis were showed 6 days, mean hospital stays were 7.5 days, 2.1 days were to be taken operation after admission and 4.2 days were stayed until discharge after operation. 3. After making out a questionare in 90 items of a medical service content of eight categories and verifying the content validity of expertises, the 85 items of the preliminary critical pathway were selected by expertises agreement over 88% and modified or deleted 5 items showing agreement below 75%. 4. After verifying a validity to 10 patients for 4 weeks, hospital stays were 5.9 days. There were deleted 1 item and modified or supplemented the 9 items of the 10 items.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.164-169
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• 2012

BACKGROUND: This study was conducted to monitor the residue of pesticides and to assess their risk in domestic agricultural products, such as fruit vegetables, tomatoes, oriental melons and root vegetables, garlic, potatoes and onions. METHODS AND RESULTS: 250 samples containing both general and environment-friendly certified agricultural products were collected from traditional markets and supermarkets in 6 cities. 132 pesticides except for herbicides were analysed using the multi-residue methods by GC/ECD, GC/NPD and HPLC/UVD. 17 kinds of pesticides were detected from 42 samples, which were 32 general, 1 organic, 4 pesticide-free and 5 low pesticide agricultural products. Among those, myclobutanil detected in 1 potato and procymidone detected in 10 oriental melons were unregistered pesticides for using in Korea. Fenbuconazole detected in 1 potato and phorate detected in 1 tomato were exceeded over the MRLs established by Korea Food and Drug Administration. CONCLUSION: Based on these results, a risk assesment was conducted using a percentage of acceptable daily intake(%ADI). %ADI ranged from 0.0064% to 4.6035%, and showed these values have no effect on human health.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.646-657
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to suggest methods to investigate continuous monitoring of concentration levels and assess the exposure of individuals considering the actual time activity of residents for formaldehyde and particulate matter (PM₁₀, PM_2.5) in the indoor and outdoor air of a house, assess the health risks of children and adults based on the results of the exposure assessment, and provide basic data on studies for assessing exposure and health risks in Korea in the future. Methods: The concentration levels of formaldehyde and particulate matter were measured in a family home in Gyeonggi-do Province from April 25 to July 31, 2019, using electrochemical sensors (formaldehyde) and light scattering sensors (PM₁₀, PM_2.5). Risk assessment by the duration of exposure by time activity was performed by dividing between weekdays and weekends, and indoors and outdoors. Results: The greatest level of carcinogenic risk from inhaling formaldehyde was indoors during the weekdays for both children and adults. For children, the risk was at 7.5 per approximately 10,000 people, and for adults, the risk was at 4.1 per approximately 10,000 people. PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 also showed the greatest values indoors during the weekdays, with children at 1.7 people and 1.4 per approximately 100 people, respectively, and adults at 8.2 per approximately 1,000 and 1.8 per approximately 100 people, respectively. Conclusions: The risks of formaldehyde, PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 were shown to be high indoors. Therefore, consideration of exposure assesment for each indoor pollutant and management of indoor air quality is necessary.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.771-797
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to assess musically gifted students'needs in order to develop the gifted curriculum in music. The survey was carried out with 103 musically gifted students who are being educated in institutes for the gifted. The survey asked the needs about components of the gifted curriculum in music: the educational objectives, contents, teaching strategies, evaluation as well as educational environment influencing on the curriculum. As for the objectives, the result showed the highest needs was the ability to communicate with audience by expressing one's feeling. For the high school students, a large number items had significant differences between the necessary level and the current level. As for the contents, the highest needs were the class piano, second instrument, and the experience of the musical field. High school students needed the second instrument more than middle school students did. As for the teaching strategies, the highest needs were the autonomous choice by learners, the instruction pursuing learners' interests, and the field work. As for the evaluation, the highest needs were the peer evaluation and the evaluation on the collaborative performance or team work. As for the educational environment, the gifted in music strongly needed spaces to practice instruments. Additionally, high school students needed a space to perform like a concert hall. Thus the gifted curriculum in music must be thoroughly developed based on the result above.