• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.181-196
• /
• 2015

A 3.5 kHz or chirp sub-bottom profiling survey is widely used in the marine geological and engineering purpose exploration. However, swells in the sea degrade the quality of the survey data. The horizontal continuity of profiler data can be enhanced and the quality can be improved by correcting the influence of the swell. Accurate detection of sea bottom location is important in correcting the swell effect. In this study, we tried to pick sea bottom locations by finding the position of crossing a threshold of the maximum value for the raw data and transformed data of envelope or energy ratio. However, in case of the low-quality data where the sea bottom signals are not clear due to sea wave noise, automatic sea bottom detection at the individual traces was not successful. We corrected the mispicks for the low quality data and obtained satisfactory results by picking a sea bottom within a range considering the previous average of sea bottom, and excluding unreliable big-difference picks. In case of trace by trace picking, fewest mispicks were found when using energy ratio data. In case of picking considering the previous average, the correction result was relatively satisfactory when using raw data.

• BMB Reports
• /
• v.40 no.5
• /
• pp.611-616
• /
• 2007

$E^{rns}$ is an envelope glycoprotein of classical swine fever virus (CSFV) and has an unusual feature of RNase activity. In the present study, we demonstrate that $E^{rns}$ counteracts Newcastle disease virus (NDV)-mediated induction of IFN-$\beta$. For this purpose, $E^{rns}$ fused to the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) was transiently expressed in porcine kidney 15 (PK15) cells. In luciferase activity assay, $E^{rns}$-EGFP was found to prevent IFN-$\beta$ promoter-driven luciferase expression and block the induction of IFN-$\beta$ promoter mediated by NDV in a dose-dependent manner. Through IFN-specific semi-quantitative RT-PCR detection, obvious decrease of IFN-$\beta$ mRNA in NDV-infected PK15 cells was observed in the presence of $E^{rns}$-EGFP. In contrast, EGFP alone showed none of this block capacity. In addition, $E^{rns}$-EGFP mutations with RNase inactivation were also found to block NDV-mediated induction of IFN-$\beta$. These evidences establish a novel function for CSFV $E^{rns}$ glycoprotein in counteraction of the IFN-$\beta$ induction pathway.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.65-74
• /
• 2004

Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) is a heterogeneous group of inherited muscle disorders caused by the mutations of different genes encoding muscle proteins. In the past, when the molecular diagnostic techniques were not available, the subtypes of muscular dystrophies were classified by the pattern of muscle weakness and the mode of inheritance, and LGMD had been considered as a 'waste basket' of muscular dystrophy because many unrelated heterogeneous cases with 'limb-girdle' weakness were put into the category of LGMD. With the advent of molecular genetics at the end of the last century, it has been known that there are many subtypes of LGMD caused by the mutation of different genes, and now, LGMD is classified according to the results of the linkage analysis and the genes or proteins affected. Only small proportion (probably less than 10%) of LGMD is dominantly inherited, and autosomal dominant LGMD (AD-LGMD) consists of six subtypes (LGMD1A to 1F) so far. In autosomal recessive LGMD (AR-LGMD), more than 10 subtypes (LGMD2A to 2J) have been linked and most of the causative genes have been identified. Among AR-LGMDs, LGMD2A (calpain 3 deficiency), 2B (dysferlin deficiency), and sarcoglycanopathy (LGMD2C-2F) are major subtypes. The defective proteins in LGMDs are components of nuclear envelope, cytosol, sarcomere, or sarcolemma, and seem to play a different role in the pathogenesis of muscular dystrophy. It is notable that many causative genes of LGMDs are also responsible for other categories of muscular dystrophy or diseases affecting other tissue. However, by which mechanism they produce such a broad phenotypic variability is still unknown. The identification of mutation in the relevant gene is confirmative for the diagnosis, and is essential for genetic counseling and antenatal diagnosis of LGMD. Because many different genes are responsible for LGMD, differentiation of subtypes using immunohistochemistry and western blotting is the essential step toward the detection of mutation. For the effective research and medical care of the patients with muscular dystrophy in Korea, a research center with a medical facility supported by the government seems to be needed.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.215-220
• /
• 2000

Abstract White spot disease (WSD), resulting in more than 90% mortality of aquacultured penaeid shrimp, has been reported off the southern and western coasts of Korea since 1993. The pafuogen of WSD has been identified as being a virion wifu an envelope around a central nucleocapsid, and with an average size of 167 nm in diameter and 375 nm in length. In the present study, an in situ hybridization technique was developed as a rapid. sensitive, and specific diagnostic assay for the WSD viros infection in shrimp. Furthermore. the pathological changes ofWSD, in shrimp experimentally infected with WSD viroses. were investigated. Using a biotinylated 643 bp probe obtained from a peR using primers specific to the rod-shaped virus of Penaeus japonicus (RV-PJ), positive signals were detected in both naturally and experimentally infected shrimps. The in situ hybridization revealed positive reactions in the nuclei of the stromal matrix cells in the lymphoid organ, epithelia of the gills, foregut. epidermis, and hematopoietic cells of the interstitial tissues, suggesting the presence of WSD virus. Tills result indicates that the in situ hybridization method can be useful for a rapid and sensitive detection of WSD viruses in shrimp.shrimp.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.53-60
• /
• 2017

Most of present ultrasonic distance measurement technologies are based on the measurement of the TOF (: Time of Flight), the elapsed time during which the ultrasonic wave travels from its transmitter to receiver, to evaluate the distance the wave travels during that time. In this case, high distance measurement accuracy requires an accurate measurement of TOF. In order to acquire an accurate TOF, this paper proposes a method that produces the TOF by using a mathematical model of the received signal obtained from a mathematical model of ultrasonic transducer. The proposed method estimates the arrival time of the received signal retrospectively by comparing its wave form obtained after triggering point with its mathematical model in the sense of least-square. Experimental result shows that the effect of variation of triggering point can be decreased by implementing the proposed method.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
• /
• v.47 no.6
• /
• pp.293-302
• /
• 2014

Simultaneous time monitoring observations of $H_2O$ $6_{16}-5_{23}$, SiO J = 1-0, 2-1, 3-2, and $^{29}SiO$ ${\upsilon}=0$, J = 1-0 lines are carried out in the direction of the Mira variable star TX Cam with the Korean VLBI Network single dish radio telescopes. For the first time, the $H_2O$ maser emission from TX Cam is detected near the stellar velocity at five epochs from April 10, 2013 (${\phi}=3.13$) to June 4, 2014 (${\phi}=3.89$) including minimum optical phases. The intensities of $H_2O$ masers are very weak compared to SiO masers. The variation of peak antenna temperature ratios among SiO ${\upsilon}=1$, J = 1-0, J = 2-1, and J = 3-2 masers is investigated according to their phases. The shift of peak velocities of $H_2O$ and SiO masers with respect to the stellar velocity is also investigated according to observed optical phases. The $H_2O$ maser emission occurs around the stellar velocity during our monitoring interval. On the other hand, the peak velocities of SiO masers show a spread compared to the stellar velocity. The peak velocities of SiO J = 2-1, and J = 3-2 masers show a smaller spread with respect to the stellar velocity than those of SiO J = 1-0 masers. These simultaneous observations of multi-frequencies will provide a good constraint for maser pumping models and a good probe for investigating the stellar atmosphere and envelope according to their different excitation conditions.

• BMB Reports
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.58-63
• /
• 1998

In this study, a mouse monoclonal antibody (mAb) against gp41(584-618), the immunodominant epitope protein, was generated. For this purpose, BALB/c mice were immunized with double branched multiple antigenic peptides derived from the HIV-1 gp41(584-618) sequence, and antibody-secreting hybridoma were produced by fusion of mice splenocytes with SP2/0 myeloma cells. One clone producing an antigen specific mAb, termed KI-41(isotype IgG1) was identified, whose specific reactivity against gp41(584-618) could be confirmed by ELISA and Western blot analysis. Epitope mapping revealed the recognition site of the mAb KI-41 to be located around the sequence RILAVERYLKDQQLLG, which comprises the N-terminal region within the immunized gp41(584-618) peptied. Since this mAb recognizes this specific epitope within the HIV-1 gp41 without any cross-reactivity to other immunodominant regions in the HIV-2 gp35, KI-41 will provide some alternative possibilities in further applications such as the development of indirect or competitive ELISA for specific antibody detection in HIV-1 infection or for other basic researches regarding the role and function of HIV-1 gp41.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
• /
• v.24 no.7
• /
• pp.555-561
• /
• 2014

Acoustic Emission technique is widely applied to develop the early fault detection system, and the problem about a signal processing method for AE signal is mainly focused on. In the signal processing method, envelope analysis is a useful method to evaluate the bearing problems and wavelet transform is a powerful method to detect faults occurred on rotating machinery. However, exact method for AE signal is not developed yet for the rotating machinery diagnosis. Therefore, in this paper two methods which are processed by Hilbert transform and DET for feature extraction. In addition, we evaluate the classification performance with varying the parameter from 2 to 15 for feature selection DET, 0.01 to 1.0 for the RBF kernel function of SVR, and the proposed algorithm achieved 94 % classification of averaged accuracy with the parameter of the RBF 0.08, 12 feature selection.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
• /
• v.32 no.2
• /
• pp.138-146
• /
• 2013

Passive sonars employ DEMON (Detection of Envelope Modulation on Noise) processing to extract propeller information from the radiated noise of underwater targets. Conventional DEMON processing improves SNR(Signal to Noise Ratio) characteristic by Welch method. The conventional Welch method overlaps several different time domain DEMON outputs to reduce the variance. However, the conventional methods have high computational complexity to get high SNR with correlated acoustic signals. In this paper, we propose new DEMON processing method that divides acoustic signal into several frequency bands before DEMON processing and averages each DEMON outputs. Therefore, the proposed method gathers independent acoustic signal faster than conventional method with low computational complexity. We prove the performance of the proposed method with mathematical analysis and computer simulations.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
• /
• v.39 no.1
• /
• pp.63.2-63.2
• /
• 2014

As a part of the "Dust, Ice, and Gas In Time" (DIGIT) key program on Herschel, we observed GSS30-IRS1, a Class I protostar located in Ophiuchus (d =125 pc), with Herschel/Photodetector Array Camera and Spectrometer (PACS). More than 70 lines were detected within a wavelength range from 50 ${\mu}m$ to 200 ${\mu}m$: CO lines from J = 14-13 to 41-40, several $H_2O$ lines of Eup = 100 K to 1500 K, 16 transitions of OH rotational lines, and two atomic [O I] lines at 63 and 145 ${\mu}m$. The [C II] line, known as a tracer of externally heated gas by the interstellar radiation field, is also detected at 158 ${\mu}m$. All lines, except [O I] and [C II], are detected only at the central spaxel of $9^{\prime\prime}.4{\times}9^{\prime\prime}.4$. The [O I] emission is extended along a NE-SW orientation, which is consistent with the known outflow direction, while the [C II] line is detected over all spaxels. One possible explanation of the detection of the [C II] line and no correlation of its spatial distribution with any other molecular emission is the existence of the enhanced ISRF nearby GSS30-IRS1. One interesting feature of GSS30-IRS1 is that the continuum emission is extended beyond the point-spread function (PSF), unlike the molecular line emission, indicative of significant external heating. The best-fit continuum model of GSS30-IRS1 with the physical structure including flared disk, envelope, and outflow shows that the internal luminosity is 11 $L_{\odot}$, and the region is also externally heated by a radiation field enhanced by a factor of 25 compared to the local standard interstellar field.