• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.1-8
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• 2014

The government has established a foundation activation measures across a total of 10 times to expanse job creation, promote new growth engines and enhance youth entrepreneurship for trying to spread socially. In order to improve startup activation policies and excavation, it is necessary to supplement the gaps going to construct a stable infrastructure through periodic status research on their occupational sense and entrepreneurship awareness. Since 2012, the government's has been surveyed to address the current understanding of the occupational sense and entrepreneurship awareness of population characteristics. Until 2013 only the youth were surveyed, recently from 2014 expanded its range to the public. This study laid the foundation for a more comprehensive set of analysis through which to learn and understand the differences between the status of each group for entrepreneurship awareness by utilizing survey data from the government. And this study was obtained from a survey of university students and the general public. A total of 3000 people nationwide survey was conducted about the entrepreneurship environment for start-ups and entrepreneurship awareness and success factors for a month. The University students survey result were classified according to the area, school and gender. And The general public survey was classified according to the area, the age and gender. Each response result indicates a significant difference between the students and the general public did not appear. But through this survey, This study would contribute the establishment of the national startup infrastructure.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.127-138
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• 2016

Outsourcing enables firms to use external resources in efficient and effective manner by adopting the best practice of industry. It also helps firms improve their business process which may result in seizing or creating new business opportunity. Collaborating with outstanding BPO(business process outsourcing) providers offer a great deal of advantage that could access to new knowledge, technology, intellectual and material resources that firms do not own. This study was designed to provide in-dept understanding of key elements that may affect the attitude towards BPO of entrepreneurs using 99 samples comprised SME & Venture business owners. Specifically, this study aims to test and analyse the relationship between attitude towards BPO and 4 independent variables including cost reduction, core competence, specialized resources and quality improvement. The analysis results show that core competence, specialized resources and quality improvements have all positive relationships with the attitude towards BPO. However, exceptionally cost reduction is not associated positively with the attitude towards BPO which was against our expectation. Theoretical discussion and practical implication on the analysis results are provided.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.61-71
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• 2017

Local festival in Korea has developed quantitatively as well qualitatively. Driving force of local festival's development is local governments' active supports. Many Local government support local festival opening actively to accomplish economic activation. Activation of local festivals is good chance to local start-up companies. Local start-up companies don't have well known brand, and wide distribution network. But they can sell their products to visitors in local festival. And if fortune smiles upon them, they can get big buyers in local festivals. If so, what factors can contribute to a increase sales of local start-up companies? Different from existing research that focus on tour industrial outcome, we will focus on effect of festival service quality on increase sales. The survey is using structured questionnaire, we surveyed visitors who visit local start-up companies' booth in festival site. According to survey result, first, each dimensions of festival service quality do not effect on purchase intention directly except empathy dimension. Second, each dimensions of festival service quality effect on purchase intention by a medium of local image indirectly except assurance dimension. And purchase intention have a great effect on purchase action. Through the results, we can confirm festival service quality effect on purchase intention by a medium of local image indirectly. we suggest that improving festival service quality can effect on sales increase of local start-up companies, and for the purpose of sales increase, local government must improve local image at first.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.13-28
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• 2017

Entrepreneurship is an important factor not only for start-ups, but also for scale-up of businesses. In other words, the two aspects of establishment and growth of businesses must be balanced through entrepreneurship. However, it is true that entrepreneurship has been biased toward the former in previous researches and government policies. Here in this research, the causal relationships between the entrepreneurial characteristics of Korean firms and the performance of the company, which is measured by proposal, activity, and business performance are examined as a growth perspective. Based on these relationships, a model describing the operating mechanism of corporate entrepreneurship is derived and policy implications are provided. In conducting research, the hypotheses on the interrelationship of variables are builded using '2016 Entrepreneurship Situation Survey(Corporate)' data from Korea Entrepreneurship Foundation and analyzed by structural equation modeling. In addition, the moderating effect according to the firm size and the mediating effect between entrepreneurship and business performance are analyzed. As a result of this research, the fact that entrepreneurship affects business performance is identified and it is necessary to prioritize corporate vision and strategy for enhancement of entrepreneurship. In particular, necessity of operating system for SMEs is confirmed considering SMEs' entrepreneurship level. The implications of this research are expected to be applied by the government in establishing policy direction to enhance corporate entrepreneurship of SMEs in the future.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.79-87
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• 2017

The previous studies of online entrepreneurship education were conducted only on the effect of education on actual entrepreneurship, but did not analyze the effectiveness of education. In this study, beyond of limits of previous studies, we investigated the effect of social presence on learning expectancy and educational satisfaction. In addition, we examined the influence of learning expectation on the relationship between social presence and educational satisfaction. For the research hypothesis test, we conducted a questionnaires survey on 189 graduate students who taken online courses related to entrepreneurship, hypothesis and questionnaires were made based on the research hypotheses precedent theories. And educational satisfaction was divided into operational satisfaction and content satisfaction. As a results of the analysis using the structural equation model, social presence has a positive effects on learning expectancy. Next, the learning expectancy has a positive effects on the operational satisfaction and the content satisfaction. Finally, when social presence affects operational satisfaction, learning expectation has a complete mediation effects and content satisfaction has a partial mediation effects. The implications of the results of this study were as follows. There was a need for a way to interacted with learners when conducted online entrepreneurial education. When increased the satisfaction level of the learning operation, it is necessary to reduced the burden of learners and raised the expectancy.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.9
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• pp.584-593
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• 2018

The startup, which is a common noun to start a small business, has been recently one of main targets for policymakers due to its important role for job creation and considerable potential for sustainability of an economy. However, technological entrepreneurship decreased by 5.0% p from 2013 to 2016. The revitalization of entrepreneurial investment promoted by the government is mainly supported in fruitable venture companies at grow stage or 2~3 years before IPO through venture capital firms and angel funds. It is far from an investment at start-up. It is therefore necessary to motivate private investment to be active in the private start-up sector. In addition, the start-up investment requires institutional support and government support to meet the expectations of investors about the possibility of payback and profitability of private investment invested in the founding period. As a small entrepreneur at a comparably early stage in the lifecycle of business, investments for the startup are generally made by informal investors such as family, friends and fools, and their decision making processes are relatively non-programmed compared with ones for listed corporales such as venture capital and angel fund agency. This study focuses on analyzing decision making factors in investment, and verifying an impact of such factors, specifically the possibility of investment payback and investment profitability, in a decision-making process for the startup especially at the very early stage.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.370-379
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• 2018

The Korean government announced plans for the International Science Business Belt as a spatial area for promoting the linkage between scientific knowledge and commercialization in 2009. R&D and entrepreneurial activities are essential for the success of the International Science Business Belt. In particular, prioritizing the types of businesses is critical at the cluster establishment stage in that this largely affects the features and development of clusters comprising the International Science Business Belt. This research aims to predict the entry and growth of firms that specialize in four industrial clusters, including Big Science Cluster, Frontier Cluster, ICT Cluster, and Bio-Healthcare Cluster. For this purpose, we employ the Swann & Prevezer's industrial clustering model to identify sectors that affect the establishment and growth of industrial clusters in the International Science Business Belt, focusing on ICT, Bio-Healthcare and Frontier clusters. Data was collected from the 2014 Korean Innovation Survey (KIS) and University Alimi for the ICT cluster, 2014 National Bio Industry Survey and University Alimi for the Bio-Healthcare Cluster, and the 2015 National Nano Convergent Industry Survey and Annual Report of Nano Technology for the Frontier cluster. Empirical results show that the ICT service sector, bio process/equipment sector, and Nano electronic sector promote clustering in other sectors. Based on the analysis results, we discuss several policy implications and strategies that can attract relevant firms for the development of industrial clusters.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.149-179
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• 2003

This study is analysing the factors determining individuals' behavior of selecting self-employment not only at the micro-level but also at the macro-level to put a particular emphasis on the financial constraint and unemployment rate representing business cycle. The data used in this study are "Korean Labor and Income Panal Study" of the Korea Labor Institute and "Economically Active Population Survey" of National Statistical Office. The main findings are as follows. First, human capital such as educational attainment and job experience has positive effects on male's selection of self-employment. The effects of job experience, however, changed negative for female's selection of self-employment. Second, real estate is significantly enhancing the selection probabilities of employer selection while the income from financial assets has negative effects. Third, entrepreneurial culture and environment are also raising the self-employment selection probability. Lastly, the regional unemployment rate representing the business cycle has positive effects on the self-employment selection after the financial crisis in 1997 both at the micro and macro level. Moreover, the coefficient of regional unemployment rate has changed positive in the structural model of self-employment selection controlling for selection bias and income opportunities, which means that individual's behavior of self-employment selection is rather complex when accounting for the uncertainties of income opportunities and diverse characteristics of self-employment workforce.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.129-162
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• 2013

The purpose of this work is to explore the role of international entrepreneurship(IE) in explaining internationalization process of Korean ventures and to structure the model of IE with the logics of effectuation. The internationalization of entrepreneurial company is regarded as the realization of entrepreneurship which find out and use opportunities across borders in this point of view, and the realization process gets more realistic and applicable to the internationalization of ventures by effectuation. So we constructed the new concepts of the generating-internationalization-outcome capability(GIOC), which is the effectual capability allowing ventures to go international despite their lack of internal resources and experiences. Its sub-capabilities of GIOC are extemporaneous coping capability, perform-resource-in-hand capability and network-use capability. The empirical analyses of the relations among the capabilities and the performances of internationalization are performed in order to prove the rationale of the model, which provides finally significant evidences of the relationships. The key contribution of this study is that it highlights the important role of IE in internationalization of ventures and shows the possible role of effectuation in explaining the realization process of IE.

• The Journal of Small Business Innovation
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.11-21
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• 2018

The extant entrepreneurship research has emphasized the development of businesses by recognizing and exploiting new opportunities rather than the development of people in organizations. To remedy this issue, scholars recently suggested the concept of humane entrepreneurship where the traditional view on entrepreneurship is enhanced by the human-centered logic. However, more scholarly work is needed to develop the concept of humane entrepreneurship as a new perspective of the entrepreneurship research domain. In this article, we attempt to enhance the research on humane entrepreneurship by suggesting its theoretical foundations and identifying the underlying dimensions of humane entrepreneurship with empirical data. This study suggests the five disciplines in management studies as theoretical foundations of humane entrepreneurship: strategic entrepreneurship, stakeholder theory, transformational leadership, motivation theory, and humanistic management. Also, we developed the measurement of humane entrepreneurship and tested its reliability and validity by collecting data from 19 countries. The results showed that the concept of humane entrepreneurship is composed of two dimensions, humane and enterprise cycles. Finally, this study provides further research agenda in the domain of humane entrepreneurship research.