• Toxicological Research
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.373-382
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• 2007

This study was conducted to obtain acute information of the oral dose toxicity of PGB-1, a novel polyglucosamine polymer produced from a new strain Enterobacter sp. BL-2 in male and female mice. In order to calculated 50% lethal dose ($LD_{50}$) and approximate lethal dose (LD), test material was once orally administered to male and female ICR mice at dose levels of 2000, 1000, 500, 250, 125 and 0 (vehicle control) ml/kg (body wt.). The mortality and changes on body weight, clinical signs, gross observation and organ weight and histopathology of principle organs were monitored 14 days after dosing with PGB-1. We could not find any mortalities, clinical signs, body weight changes and gross findings. In addition, significant changes in the organ weight and histopathology of principal organs were not observed except for some sporadic findings. The results obtained in this study suggest that PGB-1 may not be toxic in mice and may be therefore safe for clinical use. The $LD_{50}$ and approximate LD in mice after single oral dose of PGB-1 were considered over 2000 mg/kg in both female and male mice.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제36권10호
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• pp.672-678
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• 2014

본 연구는 음식물 쓰레기 내 질소농도에 따른 발효과정에서 수소생성 특성과 미생물의 군집변화를 살펴보았다. 음식물 쓰레기 내 질소의 함량이 200 mg/L일 때 가장 높은 수소생산 효율을 보여주었으며, 이 때 수소생산율은 83.43 mL/g dry wt biomass/hr이였다. 질소의 함량이 600 mg/L 이상이 되면 수소생산이 저해되는 것으로 나타났으며 수소생산량과 B/A ratio (Butric acid/Acetic acid)의 비례적 상관관계는 관찰되지 않았다. 16S rDNA의 PCR-DGGE결과 대부분 군집은 Clostridium sp. 미생물로 규명되었으며 수소생성에 기여도가 큰 미생물은 Enterococcus faecium partial, Klebsiella pneumoniae strain ND6, Enterobacter sp. NCCP-231, 그리고 Clostridium algidicarnis strain E107 등으로 판명되었다.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.89-97
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• 1987

남부지방(南部地方)에 재배(栽培)되는 고추, 오이, 배추, 딸기 등(等)의 근권토양(根圈土壤)에서 분리(分離), 선발(選拔)된 길항미생물(拮抗微生物)을 이용(利用)하여 Rhizoctonia병(病)의 생물적(生物的) 방제(防除)를 검토(檢討)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 근권토양(根圈土壤)에서 분리(分離), 선발(選拔)된 길항균(拮抗菌)은 Trichoderma viride, T. harzianum, T. hamatum, T. polysporum, Gliocladium sp., Pseudomonas fluorescens, P. stutzeri, P. cepacia, Enterobacter sp., Serratia sp., Erwinia herbicola 등(等)으로 동정(同定)되었고, in vitro에서 우수(優秀)한 길항균(措抗菌)은 T. viride, T. harzianum, Gliocladium sp., P. stutzeri, P. cepacia, Serratia sp. 등(等)이었다. In vivo에서의 길항효과(拮抗效果)는 기주(寄主)와 균주(菌株)에 따라 다소 차이(差異)가 있었고, 살균토(殺菌土)에서 비살균토(非殺菌土)보다 길항효과(拮抗效果)가 더 좋은 경향(傾向)을 보였다. 재선발(再選拔)된 6가지 길항균(拮抗菌)을 토양내(土壤內)에 접종(接種)($10^6cfu/g\;soil$) 했을 때, 길항효과(拮抗效果)가 가장 우수(優秀)한 것은 T. viride 이었다. 병원성(病原性)이 가장 강(强)한 오이 뿌리에서 분리(分離)된 균주(菌株)(AG 1)를 오이, 배추, 무우등(等)에 처리(處理)하여 길항균(拮抗菌)을 접종(接種)하였을 때는, 병원성(病原性)이 강(强)하여 길항효과(拮抗效果)가 약(弱)한 경향(傾向)(40%)이었으나, 고추(AG 1), 고추(AG 2-1), 수도(AG 1)에서 분리(分離)된 균주(菌株)에 대해서는 전반적(全般的)으로 무처리(無處理)에 비해 각각(各各) 70% 정도의 발병(發病) 억제효과(抑制效果)가 있었다.

• 식품산업과 영양
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.16-21
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• 1997

Microbial of enzymatical methods are suitable for production of rare monosaccharides. Using oxidation and reduction ability of Microorganisms, various rare ketoses and polyols can be produced, for example D-tagatose from galagtitol by Enterobacter agglomerans strain 221e. L-tagatose from galactitol by Klebsiella pheumonias strain 40b, L-psicose from allitol by Gluconobacter frateurii IFO 3254, D-talitol from d-tagatose by Aureobasidium pullulans strain 113B, allitol from D-psicose by Enterobacter agglomerans strain 221e and so on. We can produce various rare aldoses and ketoses using aldose isomerases, for example L-galactose from L-tagatose by D-arabnose isomerase, and L-ribose from L-ribulose by L-isomerase, and so on. D-Tagatose 3-epimerase of Pseudomonas sp. ST-24 is very useful for preparationof various rare ketoses, for example D-psicose from D-fructose, D-sorbose from D-tagatose, L-fructose, from L-psicose and so on. Using polyol dehydrogenases, aldose isomerases and D-tagatose 3-epimerase, we can design the suitable for production of a certain rare monosaccharide from a suitable substrate.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.407-411
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• 2011

Microbial fuel cell (MFC) wes enriched using sludge in wastewater treatment. The microbial community of activated sludge and enriched MFC were analyzed by FISH (fluorescent in situ hybridization) and 16S rDNA sequencing. Bacteroidetes group were pre-dominant in activated sludge by FISH. ${\alpha}$ group, ${\gamma}$ group and Acintobacter group were dominant and they were similar to distribution. The average value of 10 peak of MFC is 0.44C. When MFC wase enriched by sludge, ${\gamma}$-Proteobacteria, Plantomycetes group increased 70% and 60%, respectively. In results of 16S rDNA sequencing, Sphiringomonas sp. was comprised in ${\alpha}$ proteobacteria and Enterobacter sp., Klebsiella sp., Acinetobacter sp., Bacillus sp. were comprised in ${\gamma}$ proteobacteria and Chryseobacterium sp. was comprised in Flavobacteria were isolated from sludge.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.515-520
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• 2013

전통적인 방법으로 제조한 청국장과 볏짚시료로부터 배양방법과 비배양방법인 DGGE를 이용한 청국장의 발효미생물 군집을 분석하였다. 배양방법에서는 미륵산농원의 볏짚과 청국장 시료에서 P. agglomerans (65%)와 B. subtilis (60%)가 우점미생물로 나타내었고, 흥업토속 청국장의 볏짚과 청국장 시료에서는 B. amyloliquefaciens (57%와 52%)가 우점미생물로 확인하였다. DGGE 분석에서는 미륵산농원의 볏짚과 청국장 시료에서 P. agglomerans (Band intensity 20.6%)와 B. subtilis (Band intensity 25.7%)가 우점미생물로 나타내었고 흥업토속 청국장의 볏짚과 청국장 시료에서는 B. amyloliquefaciens (Band intensity 27.3%, 26.4%)가 우점미생물로 확인하였다. 그 외에도 볏짚에서는 Pantoea sp. Enterococcus durans, Enterobacter sp, P. ananatis, Bacillus sp., Rhodococcus sp. Pseudomonas fulva, Acinetobacter sp., B. licheniformis, B. amyloliquefaciens 등의 미생물을 확인하였고 청국장에서는 B. licheniformis, B. subtilis, Bacillus sp., B. circulans, Acinetobacter sp. 등의 미생물을 확인이 되었으며, 비배양 방법을 이용한 청국장 발효미생물 균총 조사는 배양이 불가능한 미생물을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 약학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.193-199
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• 1977

ABS, Alkyl benzene sulfonate, persists for long periods in stream because of its resistance to biologic degradation. Its bio-degradation is very varied in the environments. This investigation was therefore undertaken in order to know the biodegradation of synthetic detergents which are comprising soft and hard forms from February 1976 to September 1976. The biodegradations by spontaneuos settling and aeration were determined. The reduction rates of ABS, DBS, and LAS were 9.8%, 13.7% and 10.4% by the settlings for 5 days at $25^{\circ}$ and 63.3%, 27.2%, and 43.9% by aeration respectively. It was not contributed effectively to biodegradate the synthetic detergents by the simulaneous incubation with micro-organisms isolated from sewage such as Enterobacter sp., E. coli, Bacillus sp., Flavobacterium sp., Pseudomonas sp., Staphylococcus sp., and etc. Tricking filter could also eliminate some amount of detergent. By the application of this investigation, it could be designed that detergents would be regulated in abuse in context with water pollution and be treated at a proper process in the sewage treatment plant to be installed.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.134-139
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• 2021

A diverse group of plant-growth promoting bacteria were isolated in button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) media to investigate the plant-growth promoting traits of compounds including indole acetic acid (IAA), ammonia, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase, siderophore, and hydrogen cyanide. Twenty-one bacterial strains showing positive effects for all the test traits were selected and classified to confirm bacterial diversity in the media habitat. Plant-growth promoting traits of the isolates were also assessed. All strains produced IAA ranging from 20 ㎍/mL to 250 ㎍/mL. Most of the isolates produced more than 80% siderophore. Four strains (Pantoea sp., PSB-08, Bacillus sp., PSB-13, Pseudomonas sp., PSB-17, and Enterobacter sp., PSB-21) showed outstanding performances for all the tested traits. In a bioassay of these four strains using mung bean plant, the best growth performances (23.16 cm, 22.98 cm, 2.27 g/plant, and 1.83 g/plant for shoot length, root length, shoot dry weight, and root dry weight, respectively) were obtained from the plants co-inoculated with Bacillus sp., PSB-13. The resultant data indicate that button mushroom media have got a diverse group of bacteria with plant growth promoting abilities. Thus, the media could be a good recycling resource for using to an effective bio-fertilizer.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.29-36
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• 2009

14종의 인산용해미생물을 근권으로부터 분하였고, 16S rRNA gene 염기서열에 의하여 동정하였다 그 중 hydroxyapatite를 첨가한 배지에서 인산용해능력이 가장 뛰어난 Acinetobacter sp., Pseudomonas orientalis, Enterobacter asburiae 3종을 선택하였다. 선택된 3종의 미생물에 의해 용해된 인산의 농도는 $200\;mg\;L^{-1}$에서부터 $2300\;mg\;L^{-1}$까지 이르렀으며, 증가된 인산 농도는 배양액의 pH와 역으로 비례하였다. HPLC를 사용하여 유기산을 측정한 결과 Acinetobacter sp.는 gluconic acid를, P. orientalis는 gluconic acid와 2-ketogluconic acid를 그리고 E. asburiae는 acetic acid와 succinic acid를 분비하였다. 한편 P. orientalis와 E. asburiae는 각각 $372\;mg\;L^{-1}$와 $191\;mg\;L^{-1}$의 IAA 분비하였고, Acinetobacter sp.는 IAA를 생성하지 못했다. 인산용해미생물이 오이의 생장에 미치는 효과를 조사한 결과, P. orientalis를 처리한 시험구가 가장 높았고, E. asburiae, Acinetobacter sp., control 순으로 나타났다. 이러한 식물생장 효과는 인산용해미생물에 의한 불용성 인산용해와 IAA 생산과 관련이 있다고 생각된다.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2005년도 생물공학의 동향(XVI)
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• pp.148-148
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• 2005