• 대한음성학회지:말소리
• /
• 제68권
• /
• pp.95-114
• /
• 2008

The recent growing popularity of statistical methods in machine translation requires much more large parallel corpora. A Korean-English parallel corpus, however, is not yet enoughly available, little research on this subject is being conducted. In this paper we present a hybrid method of aligning sentences for Korean-English parallel corpora. We use bilingual news wire web pages, reading comprehension materials for English learners, computer-related technical documents and help files of localized software for building a Korean-English parallel corpus. Our hybrid method combines sentence-length based and word-correspondence based methods. We show the results of experimentation and evaluate them. Alignment results from using a full translation model are very encouraging, especially when we apply alignment results to an SMT system: 0.66% for BLEU score and 9.94% for NIST score improvement compared to the previous method.

• 영어영문학
• /
• 제56권5호
• /
• pp.871-905
• /
• 2010

This paper is motivated by Watanabe's (2001) observation that English byphrase passives are sometimes translated into Japanese object topicalization constructions. That is, the original English sentence in the passive may be translated into the active voice with the logical object topicalized. A number of scholars, including Chomsky (1981) and Baker (1992), have remarked that languages have various ways to avoid focusing on the logical subject. The aim of the present study is to examine the translation equivalents of the English by-phrase passives in an English-Korean parallel corpus compiled by the author. A small sample of articles from Newsweek magazine and its published Korean translation reveals that there are indeed many ways to translate English by-phrase passives, including object topicalization (12.5%). Among the 64 translated sentences analyzed and classified, 12 (18.8%) examples were problematic in terms of agent defocusing, which is the primary function of passives. Of these 12 instances, five cases were identified where an alternative translation would be more suitable. The results suggest that the functional characteristics of English by-phrase passives should be highlighted in translator training as well as language teaching.

• 디지털융복합연구
• /
• 제18권6호
• /
• pp.271-277
• /
• 2020

기계번역이란 소스언어를 목적언어로 컴퓨터가 번역하는 소프트웨어를 의미하며 규칙기반, 통계기반 기계번역을 거쳐 최근에는 인공신경망 기반 기계번역에 대한 연구가 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 인공신경망 기계번역에서 중요한 요소 중 하나로 고품질의 병렬 말뭉치를 뽑을 수 있는데 이제까지 한국어 관련 언어쌍의 고품질 병렬 코퍼스를 구하기 쉽지 않은 실정이었다. 최근 한국정보화진흥원의 AI HUB에서 고품질의 160만 문장의 한-영 기계번역 병렬 말뭉치를 공개하였다. 이에 본 논문은 AI HUB에서 공개한 데이터 및 현재까지 가장 많이 쓰인 한-영 병렬 데이터인 OpenSubtitles와 성능 비교를 통해 각각의 데이터의 품질을 검증하고자 한다. 테스트 데이터로 한-영 기계번역 관련 공식 테스트셋인 IWSLT에서 공개한 테스트셋을 이용하여 보다 객관성을 확보하였다. 실험결과 동일한 테스트셋으로 실험한 기존의 한-영 기계번역 관련 논문들보다 좋은 성능을 보임을 알 수 있었으며 이를 통해 고품질 데이터의 중요성을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국언어정보학회지:언어와정보
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.1-23
• /
• 2007

This study aims to research into the meaning of Korean particle 'ka' and 'nun' inductively by examining the correspondences of those particles and English articles on the Korean-English parallel corpus. The correspondences were checked in three ways: semantically, syntactically and pragmatically. This study found that when the semantic or syntactic tier is not salient, the pragmatic tier is activated and particles are selected according to the pragmatic elements such as the amount of information or the change of topic. However, if the meaning of the particles is salient or if there is any syntactic motive, particles are selected in accordance with the semantic or syntactic elements. Former studies which focused on one of those three tiers cannot properly explain such correspondences on the Korean-English parallel corpus. This study shows that semantic, syntactic and pragmatic tiers hierarchically affect the selection of a particle and that the selection process is also related to speaker's intention. This dimensional analysis of particles is expected to contribute to theoretical studies and applied studies like Korean language education as well.

• 대한음성학회지:말소리
• /
• 제46호
• /
• pp.159-174
• /
• 2003

K-SEC (Korean-Spoken English Corpus) is a kind of speech database that is being under construction by the authors of this paper This article discusses the needs of the K-SEC from various academic disciplines and industrial circles, and it introduces the characteristics of the K-SEC design, its catalogues and contents of the recorded database, exemplifying what are being considered from both Korean and English languages' phonetics and phonologies. The K-SEC can be marked as a beginning of a parallel speech corpus, and it is suggested that a similar corpus should be enlarged for the future advancements of the experimental phonetics and the speech information technology.

• 정보처리학회논문지:소프트웨어 및 데이터공학
• /
• 제2권6호
• /
• pp.433-442
• /
• 2013

기계번역 시스템 구축에 가장 필수적인 요소는 번역하고자 하는 언어간의 단어쌍을 담고 있는 대역어 사전이다. 대역어 사전은 기계번역뿐만 아니라 서로 다른 언어간의 정보를 교환하는 모든 응용프로그램의 필수적인 지식원(knowledge source)이다. 본 연구에서는 문서 단위로 정렬된 병렬 코퍼스와 기본적인 대역어 사전을 이용하여 영-한 대역어를 자동으로 추출하는 방법에 대해 소개한다. 이 방법은 수집된 병렬 코퍼스의 크기에 영향을 받지 않는 방법이다. 문서 단위로 정렬된 병렬 코퍼스로부터 문장 단위의 정렬을 수행하고 다시 단어 단위의 정렬을 수행한 후, 정렬이 채 되지 않은 부분에 대해 추정 정렬을 수행한다. 추정 정렬에는 문장에서의 위치, 다른 단어와의 관계, 두 언어간의 언어적 정보등 다양한 정보가 사용된다. 이렇게 추정 정렬된 단어쌍으로부터 영-한 대역어를 추출할 수 있다. 약 1,000개로 구성된 병렬 코퍼스로부터 추출한 영-한 대역어는 71.7%의 정확도를 얻을 수 있었다.

• ETRI Journal
• /
• 제45권1호
• /
• pp.18-27
• /
• 2023

We present an English-Korean speech translation corpus, named EnKoST-C. End-to-end model training for speech translation tasks often suffers from a lack of parallel data, such as speech data in the source language and equivalent text data in the target language. Most available public speech translation corpora were developed for European languages, and there is currently no public corpus for English-Korean end-to-end speech translation. Thus, we created an EnKoST-C centered on TED Talks. In this process, we enhance the sentence alignment approach using the subtitle time information and bilingual sentence embedding information. As a result, we built a 559-h English-Korean speech translation corpus. The proposed sentence alignment approach showed excellent performance of 0.96 f-measure score. We also show the baseline performance of an English-Korean speech translation model trained with EnKoST-C. The EnKoST-C is freely available on a Korean government open data hub site.

• 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한음성학회 2003년도 5월 학술대회지
• /
• pp.12-20
• /
• 2003

K-SEC(Korean-Spoken English Corpus) is a kind of speech database that is being under construction by the authors of this paper. This article discusses the needs of the K-SEC from various academic disciplines and industrial circles, and it introduces the characteristics of the K-SEC design, its catalogues and contents of the recorded database, exemplifying what are being considered from both Korean and English languages' phonetics and phonologies. The K-SEC can be marked as a beginning of a parallel speech corpus, and it is suggested that a similar corpus should be enlarged for the future advancements of the experimental phonetics and the speech information technology.

• 한국어교육
• /
• 제25권1호
• /
• pp.1-27
• /
• 2014

This study investigates how common English hedge expressions such as 'I think' and 'I guess' appear in Korean, with the aim of providing explicit explanation for English-speaking leaners of Korean. Based on a contrastive analysis of spoken English and Korean corpus, this study argues three points: Firstly, 'I guess' appears with a wider variety of modalities in Korean than 'I think'. Secondly, this study has found that Korean textbooks contain inappropriate use of registers regarding the English translations of '-geot -gat-': although these markers are used in spoken Korean, they were translated into written English. Therefore, this study suggests that '-geot -gat-' be translated into 'I think' in spoken English, and into 'it seems' in the case of written English and narratives. Lastly, the contrastive analysis has shown that when 'I think' is used with deontic modalities such as 'I think I have to', Korean use '-a-ya-get-': the use of hedge marker 'I think' with 'I have to', which shows obligation or speaker's volition turns the deontic modalities into expressions of speaker's opinion.

• 한국언어정보학회지:언어와정보
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.49-68
• /
• 2005

Application of chunking to English and some other European languages has shown that it is a viable parsing mechanism for natural languages. Although a small number of attempts have been made to apply chunking to the analysis of the Korean language, it still is not clear enough what criteria there are to identify appropriate units of chunking, and how efficient and valid the chunking algorithms would be when applied to some authentic Korean texts. The purpose of this research is to provide an alternative set of algorithms for chunking Korean, and to implement them, and to test them against some English-Korean parallel corpora, which is English and Korean bibles matched sentence by sentence. It is shown in the paper that aligning related texts and identifying matched phrases between the two languages can be achieved through appropriate chunking and matching algorithms defined on the morphologically-tagged parallel corpus. Chunking and matching processes are based on the content words rather than the function words, and the matching itself is done in terms of the transfer dictionary. The implementation is done in C and XML, and can be accessed through the Internet.