• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.115-121
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• 2017

Demands for nylon suede as an artificial leather are increasing due to its functionality and aesthetics. To achieve high value added nylon suede based on green technology, this study was carried out in order to obtain useful data for the nylon suede fabrics with eco-friendly dyeing process by a pad-steam method instead of a dip dyeing process using sulphur black dye to reduce the industrial waste of water. The dyeability of the nylon suede was investigated according to reducing temperatures, dye concentrations, and reducing agent's concentrations. Throughout the results of the CIE $L^*a^*b^*$ and Munsell values, the optimized dyeing conditions of the nylon suede using sulphur black dye are $70^{\circ}C$ of dyeing temperature, 30% o.w.f. of dye concentration, and $9g/{\ell}$ of reduction agent concentration, respectively. Furthermore washing colorfastness, light colorfastness and perspiration colorfastness were achieved in the range of 4-5 grades.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.132-141
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• 2010

NiTi alloy has been used for orthodontic wire due to good mechanical properties, such as elastic strength and frictional resistance, combined with a high resistance to corrosion. Recently, these wire were coated by polymer and ceramic materials for aesthetics. The purpose of this study was to investigate surface characteristics of polymer coated NiTi alloy wire for orthodontics using various instruments. Wires (round type and rectangular type) were used, respectively, for experiment. Polymer coating was carried out for wire. Specimen was investigated with field emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM), energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy(EDS) and atomic force microscopy(AFM). The phase transformation of non-coated NiTi wire from martensite to austenite occurred at the range of $14{\sim}15^{\circ}C$, in the case of coated wire, it occurred at the range of $16{\sim}18^{\circ}C$. Polymer coating on NiTi wire surface decreased the surface defects such as scratch which was formed at severe machined surface. From the AFM results, the average surface roughness of non-coated and coated NiTi wire was 13.1 nm, and 224.5 nm, respectively. From convetional surface roughness test, the average surface roughness of non-coated and coated NiTi wire was $0.046{\mu}m$, and $0.718{\mu}m$, respectively.

• Structural Monitoring and Maintenance
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.269-282
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• 2015

Civil structures should be designed with the lowest cost and longest lifetime possible and without service failure. The efficient and sustainable use of materials in building design and construction has always been at the forefront for civil engineers and environmentalists. Timber is one of the best contenders for these purposes particularly in terms of aesthetics; fire protection; strength-to-weight ratio; acoustic properties and seismic resistance. In recent years, timber has been used in commercial and taller buildings due to these significant advantages. It should be noted that, since the launch of the modern building standards and codes, a number of different structural systems have been developed to stabilise steel or concrete multistorey buildings, however, structural analysis of high-rise and multi-storey timber frame buildings subjected to lateral loads has not yet been fully understood. Additionally, timber degradation can occur as a result of biological decay of the elements and overloading that can result in structural damage. In such structures, the deficient members and joints require strengthening in order to satisfy new code requirements; determine acceptable level of safety; and avoid brittle failure following earthquake actions. This paper investigates performance assessment and damage assessment of older multi-storey timber buildings. One approach is to retrofit the beams in order to increase the ductility of the frame. Experimental studies indicate that Sprayed Fibre Reinforced Polymer (SFRP) repairing/retrofitting not only updates the integrity of the joint, but also increases its strength; stiffness; and ductility in such a way that the joint remains elastic. Non-linear finite element analysis ('pushover') is carried out to study the behaviour of the structure subjected to simulated gravity and lateral loads. A new global index is re-assessed for damage assessment of the plain and SFRP-retrofitted frames using capacity curves obtained from pushover analysis. This study shows that the proposed method is suitable for structural damage assessment of aged timber buildings. Also SFRP retrofitting can potentially improve the performance and load carrying capacity of the structure.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.53-66
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• 2024

With the continuous advancement of computer technology, deep learning models have emerged as innovative tools in shaping various aspects of architectural design. Recognizing the distinctive perspective of children, which differs significantly from that of adults, this paper contends that conventional standards may not always be the most suitable approach in designing urban structures tailored for children. The primary objective of this study is to leverage neural style networks within the design process, specifically adopting the artistic viewpoint found in children's illustrations. By combining the aesthetic paradigm of urban architecture with inspiration drawn from children's aesthetic preferences, the aim is to unearth more creative and subversive aesthetics that challenge traditional norms. The selected context for exploration is the landmark buildings in Qingdao City, Shandong Province, China. Employing the neural style network, the study uses architectural elements of the chosen buildings as content images while preserving their inherent characteristics. The process involves artistic stylization inspired by classic children's illustrations and images from children's picture books. Acting as a conduit for deep learning technology, the research delves into the prospect of seamlessly integrating architectural design styles with the imaginative world of children's illustrations. The outcomes aim to provide fresh perspectives and effective support for the artistic design of contemporary urban buildings.

• 복식
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• 제62권7호
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• pp.79-96
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• 2012

Creativity is a rising topic in the current society. The emphasis on creativity is valued as a key factor for success in all areas including but not limited to politics, economy, culture, arts and design. The field of Fashion design is probably one of the few areas that talk about creativity as a necessary quality to survive. The purpose of this study is to introduce TRIZ(Teoriya Reshniya Izobretatelsskikh Sadatch) as a theoretical tool to generate creativity in fashion design. TRIZ is a creative method of problem solving based on data analysis of outcomes invented by engineering. The fundamental concept of TRIZ has been researched through documentary studies, and practical case studies of product designs are used. Fashion design cases from Comme des Garcons by Rei Kawakubo are used to apply TRIZ in fashion design. Rei Kawakubo's design philosophy has been studied through fashion writings and visual sources in books, exhibition catalog, www. style. com and online shopping mall sites. This study has selected four principles among forty inventive theories of TRIZ: segmentation; asymmetry; consolidation; and preliminary action to apply to Rei Kawakubo's fashion design. As a result, TRIZ can be applicable to fashion design as a creative thinking methodology. By using the four principles of TRIZ, this study shows how Rei Kawakubo's design enhanced its efficiency and aesthetics of the products and was distinguished from existing items. It is meaningful to demonstrate a possibility of adopting engineering based creative methodology in fashion design to widen the perspective and to raise a question for the need of interdisciplinary creative methodology with traditional aesthetic approach in fashion design.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.223-232
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• 2014

Life-cycle assessment (LCA) is often employed to quantify the environmental impact of a product in a comprehensive manner. The aspects of performance and usability as well as that of eco-friendliness should be considered in an integrated manner for the market competitiveness of an eco-friendly product. The present study developed a product improvement plan for an eco-friendly electric heater by benchmarking two small-size electric heaters (companies 'H' and 'T') in terms of performance, usability, and eco-friendliness. The performance measurements such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, noise, and power consumption were collected while the two heaters were operated in a laboratory setting. Then, the usability evaluations such as aesthetics, operation satisfaction, performance satisfaction, and overall satisfaction were surveyed for the two heaters using a 5-point scale (1 for very unsatisfied and 5 for very satisfied). Lastly, the LCA analysis was conducted by following the six-step process of eco-friendly product design provided by KEITI. The analysis results of the two products being integrated with the aspects of product, service, and user, four design improvement directions such as eco-efficient, smart, modularized, and user-support were recommended for an eco-friendly electric heater. These proposed concepts would be useful to develop an eco-friendly electric heater design with a high level of market competitiveness.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.919-933
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• 2018

Recently, the textile and fashion industry has adopted 3D printing technology, through which filaments are accumulated continuously in the form of sections to produce digitalized three-dimensional fashion products. Little research has been done regarding the consumer perspectives on 3D printed fashion product. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of consumer innovativeness, uniqueness, and perception factors on consumer attitudes and purchasing intentions for 3D printed fashion products. A questionnaire was given to consumers living in Seoul and Kyunggi, South Korea. The data obtained from the 159 completed questionnaires was analyzed by regression analysis, factor analysis, and Cronbach's alpha using SPSS 24.0. The results were as follows: First, consumer innovativeness and uniqueness, in descending order, positively affect the perceived social image. Consumer innovativeness positively affects perceived aesthetics and consumer uniqueness positively affects perceived novelty. Second, social image has a positive effect on consumer attitudes to 3D printed fashion products. Third, consumer attitude positively affects purchasing intentions towards 3D printed fashion products. Fourth, consumer innovativeness and uniqueness, in descending order, have a positive effect on consumer attitudes and purchasing intentions for 3D printed fashion products. Fifth, social image and novelty, in descending order, positively affect purchase intentions for 3D printed fashion products. Therefore fashion firms should develop their marketing strategy to focus on innovative, unique consumers as a main target and aim to enhance buyers' social image by using 3D printed fashion products.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제33권8호
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• pp.337-343
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• 2023

3Y-TZP (3 mol% yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystals) ceramics have excellent mechanical properties including high fracture toughness, good abrasion resistance as well as chemical and biological stability. As a result, they are widely used in mechanical and medical components such as bearings, grinding balls, and hip implants. In addition, they provide excellent light transmittance, biocompatibility, and can match tooth color when used as a dental implant. Recently, given the materials' resemblance to human teeth, these ceramics have emerged as an alternative to titanium implants. Since the introduction of CAD/CAM in the manufacture of ceramic implants, they've been increasingly used for prosthetic restoration where aesthetics and strength are required. In this study, to improve the surface roughness of zirconia implants, we modified the 3Y-TZP surface with a biocomposite of hydroxyapatite and forsterite using room temperature spray coating methods, and investigated the mixed effect of the two powders on the evolution of surface microstructure, i.e., coating thickness and roughness, and biological interaction during the in vitro test in SBF solution. We compared improvement in bioactivity by observing dissolution and re-precipitation on the specimen surface. From the results of in vitro testing in SBF solution, we confirmed improvement in the bioactivity of the 3Y-TZP substrate after surface modification with a biocomposite of hydroxyapatite and forsterite. Surface dissolution of the coating layer and the precipitation of new hydroxyapatite particles was observed on the modified surface, indicating the improvement in bioactivity of the zirconia substrate.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.25-42
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• 2010

이 연구는 공업계고등학교 학생들에게 형성되어 있는 '공학'에 대한 이미지를 알아보고, '공학' 이미지의 요인구조를 파악하기 위해 수행되었다. 연구 대상은 전국의 공업계고등학교 3학년 학생 695명이었다. 측정 도구는 Osgood(1957)이 개발한 의미분별법 도구에서 이용되었던 형용사 척도 문항을 참고하여 연구자가 개발하였으며, 예비조사를 거쳐 본 조사에서는 총 30개의 문항을 사용하였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 공업계고 학생들이 인식하고 있는 '공학'에 대한 전체적인 이미지 평균 점수는 4.27점으로 기준(4점)을 약간 상회하는 정도였다. 둘째, 전체적인 경향을 보면 '공학'은 중요하고 가치가 있지만, 어렵고 복잡하고 위험하다는 이미지가 공업계고 학생들에게 각인되어 있음을 알 수 있었다. 셋째, 요인분석 결파 6개씩 요인이 추출되었으며, 요인 1은 실용성, 요인 2는 감성, 요인 3은 섬미성, 요인 4는 용이성, 요인 5는 책임감, 요인 6은 적극성이라고 명명하였다. 넷째, 지역별 '공학'에 대한 이미지의 평균 비교 결과, 각 요인별로 지역에 따라 '공학'에 대해 인식하고 있는 이미지에 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국전자거래학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.69-80
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• 2016

기술격차 감소로 인해 제품 차별화를 위한 인지 감성적 제품설계가 중요해지고 있다. 성별, 연령 등 다양한 사용자이 느끼는 감각(시각, 청각, 촉각 등), 인지(주의력, 기억력 등), 감성(심미성, 기능성 등)을 고려하기 위한 데이터베이스와 제품설계 가이드라인이 필요하다. 여러 실험으로부터 도출된 사용자 특성정보는 제품의 설계 및 평가 시 주요한 지표로 사용되고 있으며, 이를 저장할 통합적 인지 감성 데이터베이스를 구축하는 것이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 인지 감성적 제품설계 지원을 위한 사용자 특성정보 메타데이터를 설계하고 프로토 타입 시스템으로 구축하였다. 감각, 인지, 감성에 관련된 기존 문헌들을 조사하고 분류하여 인지, 감성 유형별로 반영할 수 있도록 설계하였다. 제품설계/평가에 필요한 다양한 사용자 특성정보를 RDF 형식의 설계하였고, 설계된 메타데이터에 따라 인지, 감성에 관련된 사용자 특성정보를 저장할 수 있도록 프로토 타입 시스템을 구축하였다.