• KIEAE Journal
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.55-62
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• 2013

Korea Government have carried out various policies to reduce the energy consumption that cause the global warming and environmental pollution. Energy consumption of buildings in Korea has reached 24% of total energy quantities and energy consumption of apartment has been continuously increasing. It has executed the building energy efficiency rating system and energy performance assessments and certification systems have been in force to save energy consumption of buildings. Therefore, this study tried to asset the energy performance of apartment according to the shapes of unit plan, and then to evaluate the energy performance of apartment according to altering balcony area into living area in the unit plan of apartment and thus, to present the effective unit plan to reduce the energy consumption. According to the results, in case of standard unit plan, the 3Bay and 4Bay unit plans showed more effective energy consumption than the 2Bay unit plan, respectively, 5%, 6%, and in case of extended unit plan, respectively, 2%, 5%. Compared the energy efficiencies of the standard unit plan to the extended unit plan, the standard one showed more effective energy consumption than the extended one, respectively, 2% in case of the 2Bay and 4Bay unit, 5% of the 3Bay unit.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.35-42
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• 2011

In the energy consumption of buildings in Korea, the housing sector accounts for 53% of a total energy consumption. Although the researches of energy consumption on the new detached houses and apartment houses have been conducted numerous times, the researches of energy consumption characteristics on the existing detached houses are lack of studies. Thus in this study, the actual condition of energy consumption characteristics on the existing detached houses in Daegu city was examined, and then energy consumption unit and green house gas emission unit was compiled to present a fundamental data for an effective way of reducing energy consumption and greenhouse gas emission in the buildings. The results showed that the energy consumption for heating in the existing detached house was greater than other energy consumption and the heating energy sources were city gas and fuel oil. As the fuel oil consumption got larger, the energy consumption unit and greenhouse gas emission unit became bigger. Based on these results, it will be able to develop a plan for reducing energy and greenhouse gas emission in the existing detached houses in the future.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.89-94
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• 2015

Purpose: Various policies to reduce the energy consumption have been carried out to save Earth environment against global warming and environmental pollution in many countries. Energy consumption of buildings in Korea has reached 24% of total energy consumption, and energy consumption of apartment has been continuously increasing. Therefore, Korea government has executed building energy efficiency rating certification system to control energy consumption of buildings. Method: This study was conducted to evaluate the energy performance of apartment unit plans according to the increasement of front width of unit plans, and tried to present the basic data to design more energy conscious unit plans for apartments. For the study, three shapes of unit plans -the 2Bay, 3Bay and 4bay unit- were selected for imput models. They were simulated using ECO2 software to assess building energy efficiency rating certification in Korea. Result: According to the results, in cases that balcony windows were not installed, the primary energy consumption of the 3Bay and 4Bay units were less than 2Bay unit, respectively, 0.1% and 2,5%. The primary energy consumption of the 3Bay and 4Bay units, in cases that balcony windows were installed, was less than 2Bay unit, respectively, 1.7% and 3.2%.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.26 no.8
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• pp.388-393
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• 2014

Energy consumption unit in a building is classified according to uses of electricity, gas, and oil, and it has been studied steadily as a material for establishing policy standards for energy saving in buildings. Meanwhile, consumption unit in apartment house can be calculated differently according to its survey method and area standard. Therefore, with the necessity of reestablishing energy consumption unit, this study has researched thermal energy consumption, Supply dwelling area Exclusive dwelling area, completion year and housing type of 23,791 households of 31 complex in Daejeon. As a result, (1) there was about 20% difference between supply and exclusive dwelling areas. (2) On the basis of exclusive dwelling area, thermal energy consumption unit was calculated as $104.9kWh/m^2{\cdot}a$ in 2010, $104.6kWh/m^2{\cdot}a$ in 2011, and $107.7kWh/m^2{\cdot}a$ in 2012.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.89-94
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to provide a fundamental data for reducing energy consumption and greenhouse gas emission of detached houses by investigating the energy consumption characteristic of detached houses in Daegu. Although the ratio of the detached houses decreases, the detached houses are common dwelling form next to apartments. Nevertheless the study about the energy consumption of detached houses has been insufficient compared apartments. There is a necessity which will investigate the energy consumption characteristic of detached houses. Because that with the building quality which is various form is different from apartments. This study investigate construction and equipment conditions and analyzing effective factors on energy consumption of detached houses. And this study draw up the energy consumption unit and emission factors unit for greenhouse gas of detached houses. This study represent a basic report for energy consumption reduction and helps effective use of energy.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.45-50
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• 2010

This study for middle school facilities is second following the study of the energy consumption of primary school facilities. There is not on the analysis of the current energy usage for middle school facilities in nations to set goals of energy reduction. Therefore, The purpose of this study is to present various analysis result of energy consumption which is a statistical analysis of domestic middle school facilities in South Korea. As a consequence, each average energy consumption at the domestic middle school facilities analyzed as following after changing as unit 'kWh' only for comparison with every energy source. It represents that the energy consumption of electric power was 183.7MWh(70.2%), gas consumption for heating was 46.5MWh(17.8%), oil consumption was 26.5MWh(10.1%), district energy was 5.1MWh(1.9%). This result describes that consumption of electric power was large greatly and it reflects the expectation that it will climb the demand regarding this energy in the future. In additionally, it analyzed average energy consumption with $74.4kWh/m^2$ by the unit area of air-conditioning and the district which has large energy consumption was Seoul with $91.6kWh/m^2$.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.55-62
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to present various analysis result of energy consumption that is a statistical analysis of high school facilities in Korea for setting the goal of energy saving. This study enforced analysis after it provided used energy consumption for the year 2008 and general in formation from 2202 high school facilities in 16 cities in South Korea by the relevant agency. Consequently, it represents that the average energy consumption of electric power was 428.7MWh(65.7%), gas consumption for heating was 129.5MWh(19.8%), oil consumption was 84.6MWh(13.0%), district energy was 10.0MWh(1.5%) in nation after changing as unit 'kWh' only for comparison with every energy source. This result describes that consumption of electric power was large greatly and it reflects the expectation that it will climb the demand regarding this energy in the future. In additionally, it analyzed average energy consumption with $98.3kWh/m^2$ by the unit area of air-conditioning and the district which has large energy consumption was Gyeonggi-do with $115.9kWh/m^2$. Furthermore, it described the average energy consumption of $60.8kWh/m^2$ by the unit area of floor area and the average energy consumption of a student analyzed with 1157.0kWh.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.261-265
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• 2008

To solve the lack of housing, our country has supplied an enormous volume of apartments, and these days it occupies 75% of our buildings. As apartments occupy most of our housings, the rate of energy usage from them are also high. On this, setting apartment energy reduction as a target, by researching the actual conditions of energy consumption and drawing a basis data, we can apply this as a way of saving energy, rationalization of the scale of energy supply facilities and a standard when planning facilities. To grasp the present condition of energy usage of the urban rental apartment, this research analysed the use of electricity, gas and water monthly and annually of a rental apartment that is located in Daegu. The results showed that in 2003 the electricity usage was 1,198MWh but 1,315MWh in 2007, which means 9% of electricity usage increases every year. The average of water usage was $85,072m^2$ per year and they used $604.2MJ/m^2$ Typical energy consumption unit on $74.4m^2$ of area and $448.8MJ/m^2$ on $105.8m^2$. By showing the usage of energy and water of the urban rental apartment, understanding the tendency and preparing an Typical energy consumption unit standard through this research, apartments should use energy more efficiently.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.85-92
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• 2003

Considering the present development situation of rental apartment since 1982, the supply of homeless housing for low-income dwellers has contributed a amount of quantities, but has been deficient qualities in housing policy. To propose the energy policy for low-income dwellers, this study investigated the energy consumption and the degree of heating satisfaction by heating system through questionaries in permanent rental apartment and 50 year period rental apartment complexes. The results of this study were as follows; The annual energy consumption of heating and hot water supply is 267.2 Mca1/$\textrm{m}^2$ㆍyr in central heating system, is 163.9 Mca1/$\textrm{m}^2$ㆍyr in unit heating system. But from the view of annual energy cost and the degree of heating satisfaction, central heating system were better than unit heating system in rental apartment.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2012.03a
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• pp.293-298
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is performance validation of district heating apartments about heating energy consumption and analysis of energy consumption by unit characteristics. The heating energy consumption of the existing apartments was analyzed and the analyzed results will be used for energy saving technology development and policy making. The heating energy consumption data about total 78 apartment complexes, 56,910 units in Gangnam-Gu, Seoul, Korea were investigated from October, 2010 to April 2011. The analysis results are as follows; The mean heating energy consumption is 98[kWh/m2]. The energy consumption of Apgujung-Dong, Daechi-Dong is higher than that of mean valuse. The energy consumption deviation by deterioration, unit area, core type and regional group is very high. Specially, building deterioration casts a long shadow.