• Rapid Communication in Photoscience
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.42-45
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• 2013

Natural photosynthesis utilizes solar energy to convert carbon dioxide and water to energy-rich carbohydrates. Substantial use of sunlight to meet world energy demands requires energy storage in useful fuels via chemical bonds because sunlight is intermittent. Artificial photosynthesis research focuses the fundamental natural process to design solar energy conversion systems. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide ($NAD^+$) and $NADP^+$ are ubiquitous as electron transporters in biological systems. Enzymatic, chemical, and electrochemical methods have been reported for NADH regeneration. As photochemical systems, visible light-driven catalytic activity of NADH regeneration was carried out using platinum nanoparticles, molecular rhodium and cobalt complexes in the presence of triethanolamine as a sacrificial electron donor. Pt nanoparticles showed photochemical NADH regeneration activity without additional visible light collector molecules, demonstrating that both photoactivating and catalytic activities exist together in Pt nanoparticles. The NADH regeneration of the Pt nanoparticle system was not interfered with the reduction of $O_2$. Molecular cobalt complexes containing dimethylglyoxime ligands also transfer their hydrides to $NAD^+$ with photoactivation of eosin Y in the presence of TEOA. In this photocatalytic reaction, the $NAD^+$ reduction process competed with a proton reduction.

• 기술혁신학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.152-166
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• 2002

This study analyzes effects of the government-funded energy conservation technology research program using a simple calculation-based valuation method. Energy conservation amounts by 50 commercialized technologies are calculated and then transformed to energy conservation effect and pollution reduction effect. Export and import-substitution effects are also calculated. Empirical results show that effectiveness of the research program has been increasing rapidly after 1996 while research fund has not. We suggest rapid increase of government support of this program so that the goal of the research program can be reached.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.37-44
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• 2009

The field-surveyed and measured energy consumption data is processed to develop building energy demand models for heating, hot water, cooling, and electricity. The load models are systematically organized as a database and hourly loads for a span of year (8760 hours) are generated by the program. Rased on those models a Microsoft Access application program is developed to calculate energy demands for a Community Energy System (CES) composed of 17 types of buildings. User-friendly interfaces are provided to assist non-expert end users and necessary tools to link the calculation results to subsequent coagulations such as operation simulation or economic assessment.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2001

It is a time since sustainable architecture become a main issue of design concept in 21C. However, it is necessary to develope the tool estimating energy loads and uses in our architectural conditions for energy saving design. This study aims to develope the E-Load program to predict heat and cooling loads of houses. The program is developed by modified bin methods derived from ASHRAE TC 4.7. It consists of 4 divisions such as files, data inputs, energy load estimations and output options. The main processes of energy load estimations are based on ASHRAE fundamentals. The developed E-Load program is a easy and valid tool to predict heat and cooling loads of buildings.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2009년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.300-300
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• 2009

Outcome Evaluation은 미국의 DOE(Department Of Energy)산하 EERE(Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy)에서 프로그램 평가를 위해 사용하는 General Program Evaluation Guide에서 언급된 5가지 평가방법 중 하나로 프로그램의 결과를 측정하여 평가하는 방법이다. 이는 프로그램을 시행한 후 일정한 기간이 지난 뒤 프로그램의 목적을 달성함으로써 얻어지는 결과를 추산하여 그 기간 동안 프로그램이 의도했던 목적을 위해 얼마나 잘 수행되었는지를 보여준다. 본 연구에서는 Outcome Evaluation을 이용하여 한국에서 진행되고 있는 신재생에너지 보급사업에 대한 평가를 하였다. 현재 한국의 신재생에너지 보급사업은 크게 보급지원제도와 기반조성사업으로 나누어져 있으나 본 연구에서는 보급지원제도에 중점을 두어 평가를 진행하였다. General Program Evaluation Guide에 따르면 Outcome Evaluation의 방법론은 engineering estimation에서 survival analysis에 이르기까지 다양한 방법론을 제시하지만 본 연구에서는 Tabulation과 Correlation을 주로 활용하였다. 먼저 평가의 대상이 되는 프로그램과 시기를 정하고 평가지표를 산정한 뒤 위와 같은 방법론을 활용해 평가를 진행했고, 그 시사점을 도출하였다.

• 에너지공학
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.58-65
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• 2014

에너지효율등급제 사후관리의 국외 시행사례에 대해서 분석해 보았다. 이를 바탕으로 국내 사후관리제에 대한 시사점을 제시하였다. 첫째, 사후관리 위반정도가 심한 제품의 모델수 확대 및 반복적 위반업체의 해당모델에 대해 지속적으로 포함하고, 판매시장에서 구입하는 방식으로 적용되어야 할 것이다. 둘째, 사후관리 대상모델에 대한 점검결과를 반영하여 위반 발생빈도에 따라 제품별 사후관리 점검방식의 개선을 강구하는 것이 바람직하다. 셋째, 사후관리 점검결과 부적합율 또는 반복적 위반사례가 지속되는 경우 수시점검의 실시가 필요하다. 끝으로, 사후관리 점검결과에 대한 현재 관보 게재 및 보도자료 공개에서 사후관리 전과정에 대한 상세보고서까지 관계 유관기관에 공고 및 인터넷 공개로 확대하는 것이 요청된다.

• 토지주택연구
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.249-261
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• 2012

건물운용단계의 에너지사용량은 우리나라 전체에너지 사용량의 약 25%이다. 지금까지 건물의 에너지사용량을 줄이기 위해서는 주로 설계단계에서 단열을 강화하고 고효율 기기를 사용해왔다. 이러한 노력들은 에너지절약 측면에서 그 한계가 있으며, 사용단계에서의 에너지절약생활이 큰 비중을 차지함에 따라 입주자들의 자발적인 참여로 인한 에너지절약 방법이 보다 효과적이라 할 수 있다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 에너지사용자에게 보다 적극적으로 에너지절약 프로그램에 동참시키기 위해 본인들이 사용한 에너지실적 정보를 웹상에서 서로 공유할 수 있는 프로그램을 개발하였다. 또한 프로그램의 필요성 및 사용의지를 조사하고 시범 적용하여 유효데이터의 수집가능성과 프로그램의 사용 용이성에 대하여 평가하였다.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2005년도 동계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.223-228
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• 2005

This study develops an optimization program to use optimum design of building HVAC system reducing building energy use and cost. Doe20pt developed is an interface program between DOE2 and GenOpt to perform the optimization procedure more easily. The optimum results can be used to estimate the economical efficiency concerning the building management.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.89-94
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• 2010

A large portion of the energy cost of a building is cooling and heating to maintain a comfortable indoor environment. Air conditioning is now one of the important parts in the building design, as increase in energy consumption and pollutant emission in energy conversion process. In this study, elements that affects the energy consumption of model building are identified and the perfomance analysis of the alternative a Low Energy Cooling Systems considering characteristics of model building and energy saving performance is analyzed. In this study, elements that affect the energy consumption of office building are identified and energy saving performance of the alternative air conditioning system is analyzed. As a result, applied to earn and suggest basic data for energy saving measures. In this study, EnergyPlus simulation program was used to evaluate the energy load when alternative Low Energy Cooling Systems are applied to the model building. The reliability of simulation program is verified by comparing actual energy load from operation data of building management office and predicted energy load using simulation program. For Low Energy Cooling System application which considers the purpose and characteristics of the building, reasonable and energy-saving air conditioning method obtained by analyzing energy consumption elements for each expected air conditioning methods is used to deduct result of this study.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2009년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.301-301
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• 2009

The General program evaluation guide is intended for use by managers of both deployment and R&D programs within the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), although most of the examples of evaluations pertain to deployment programs(EERE,2006). It could help managers determine what kinds of timely adjustments may be needed in program design or implementation to improve the rate or quality of achievement relative to the committed resources. To consider the adaptation of the method in Korea, we have studied the evaluation case for solar america initiative using cost-benefit evaluation. The President's Solar America Initiative (SAI) was launched in January 2006 as part of the administration's Advanced Energy Initiative. The SAI has a goal of installing 5-10 GW of photovoltaic (PV) systems in the U.S. by 2015 and 70-100 GW of PV systems in the U.S. by 2030. The evaluation report presents estimates of the potential benefits should the SAI PV installation goals be achieved. For this analysis, the areas researched include energy, economic, and environmental benefits. As a result, research suggests that 500 MW of PV may have been enough to avoid lackout. The ability of PV to prevent specific blackouts will depend on very specific information on where the PV installations are installed and their ability to relieve pressure on the high stress points on the grid. While this level of detail is outside the scope of this study, it appears that there will be some potential benefit for blackout prevention should the SAI PV goals be achieved.