• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.1-11
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• 2020

As an important basic building block of the smart grid environment, smart meter provides real-time electricity consumption information to the utility. However, ensuring information security and privacy in the smart meter data aggregation process is a non-trivial task. Even though the secure data aggregation for the smart meter has been a lot of attention from both academic and industry researchers in recent years, most of these studies are not secure against internal attackers or cannot provide data integrity. Besides, their computation costs are not satisfactory because the bilinear pairing operation or the hash-to-point operation is performed at the smart meter system. Recently, blockchains or distributed ledgers are an emerging technology that has drawn considerable interest from energy supply firms, startups, technology developers, financial institutions, national governments and the academic community. In particular, blockchains are identified as having the potential to bring significant benefits and innovation for the electricity consumption network. This study suggests a distributed, privacy-preserving, and simple secure smart meter data aggregation system, backed up by Blockchain technology. Smart meter data are aggregated and verified by a hierarchical Merkle tree, in which the consensus protocol is supported by the practical Byzantine fault tolerance algorithm.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.587-614
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• 2018

The Korean government is aiming to strengthen industrial and national competitiveness through the promotion of cooperation between universities, public research institutes and industry and vitalization of technology transfer. In 2013 and 2014, the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy and Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning have announced policies to support SMEs by public research organizations. In addition, in 2015, the 'Korean Fraunhofer support system', which pay government subsidies according to the amounts of private R&D funds was adopted. However, there are some concern about the government's policies. There is yet disclosed how these policies affect technology transfer because industrial R&D funding has not been activated in Korea unlike German. Therefore this paper analyzes effects of relationship between universities, public research institutes and external organizations on performance of technology transfer based on the Triple Helix Model. Empirical results show that the relationship with the government has a significant impact on the resource security and the relationship with the industry has a significant effect on the diffusion of the performance. In addition, a public research institute was selected and case analysis was conducted to suggest policy implications for improving the technology transfer performance of universities and public research institutes.

• Informatization Policy
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.40-61
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• 2023

The adoption of smart factories and smart manufacturing as strategies to enhance competitiveness and stimulate growth in the manufacturing sector is vital for a country's future competitiveness and industrial transformation. The government has consistently pursued smart manufacturing innovation policies starting with the Manufacturing Innovation 3.0 strategy in the Ministry of Industry. This study aims to identify policy areas for smart factories and smart manufacturing based on technical standards. Analyzing policy areas at the current stage where the establishment and support of domestic standards aligning with international technical standards are required is crucial. By prioritizing smart manufacturing process areas within the industry, policymakers can make well-informed decisions to advance smart manufacturing without blindly following international standardization in already well-established areas. To achieve this, the study utilizes a hierarchical analysis method including expert interviews and importance-performance analysis for the five major process areas. The findings underscore the importance of proactive participation in standardization for emerging technologies, such as data and security, instead of solely focusing on areas with extensive international standardization. Additionally, policymakers need to consider carbon emissions, energy costs, and global environmental challenges to address international trends in export and digital trade effectively.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.602-610
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• 2020

Purpose: This paper aims to develop an asphalt pavement system with reduced cracks, structural stability and waterproofing at sub-zero temperature conditions. Method: Under various temperature conditions, SIS polymer asphalt, normal asphalt, and guss asphalt were tested for adhesion strength of the binder and deformation strength of the mixture. Result: The adhesion strength of asphalt binder was higher in SIS polymer asphalt than that of normal asphalt and guss asphalt. The deformation strength of the asphalt mixture was almost the same as that of SIS polymer asphalt and normal asphalt. The energy absorption of the SIS polymer asphalt mixture was relatively higher than that of the normal asphalt mixture and the guss asphalt mixture. Conclusion: The maximum load of the SIS polymer asphalt mixture was lower than that of the guss asphalt mixture. However, in sub-zero temperature conditions, sufficient energy absorption was secured by stable load reduction. Therefore, it is expected to improve the durability of asphalt pavement by reducing the occurrence of microcracks with stable fracture behavior.

• Clean Technology
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.113-120
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• 2013

The treatment of chemically stable perflourocompounds (PFCs) requires a large amount of energy. An energy efficient arc plasma system has been developed to overcome such disadvantage. $CF_4$, $SF_6$ and $NF_3$ were injected into the plasma torch directly, and net plasma power was estimated from the measurement of thermal efficiency of the system. Effects of net plasma power, waste gas flow rate and additive gases on the destruction and removal efficiency (DRE) of PFCs were examined. The calculation of thermodynamic equilibrium composition was also conducted to compare with experimental results. The average thermal efficiency was ranged from 60 to 66% with increasing waste gas flow rate, while DRE of PFCs was decreased with increasing gas flow rate. On the other hand, DRE of each PFCs was increased with the increasing input power. Maximum DREs of $CF_4$, $SF_6$ and $NF_3$ were 4%, 15% and 90%, respectively, without reaction gas at the fixed input power and waste gas flow rate of 3 kW and 70 L/min. A rapid increase of DRE was found using hydrogen or oxygen additional gases. Hydrogen was more effective than oxygen to decompose PFCs and to control by-products. The major by-product in the arc plasma process with hydrogen was hydrofluoric acid that is easy to be removed by a wet scrubber. DREs of $CF_4$, $SF_6$ and $NF_3$ were 25%, 39% and 99%, respectively, using hydrogen additional gas at the waste gas flow rate of 100 L/min and the input power of 3 kW.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.100-107
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• 2021

An agrivoltaic system (AVS) is a system of innovation that comprises productions of photovoltaic power and agricultural crops on the same area. However, the decline in crop yield will be fatally occurred because the pigments of crop absorbs less light energy under AVS. In addtion, the photosynthetic capacity of crop grown under the partial shading of AVS is not well reported. In this study, the electron transport rate (ETR) and non-photochemical fluorescence quenching (NPQ) of soybean and rice under the AVS in Boseong and Naju was investigated using chlorophyll fluorescence measurement. The ETR value of soybean and rice under AVS were not significantly differed by location. It represents that the photophosphorylation rate of the crops is not critically different. It means that the decreases in total photosynthesis under AVS were mostly affected by the amount of light absorbed by leaves. Under AVS the photosynthesis of crops will be lower than field crops grown in open fields. This is because the crops under AVS observed higher NPQ, which means that the available energy cannot distribute to photophosphorylation reaction.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.60 no.1
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• pp.86-92
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• 2022

Recently, the bio-healthcare market is enlarging worldwide due to various reasons such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Among them, biometric measurement and analysis technology are expected to bring about future technological innovation and socio-economic ripple effect. Existing systems require a large-capacity battery to drive signal processing, wireless transmission part, and an operating system in the process. However, due to the limitation of the battery capacity, it causes a spatio-temporal limitation on the use of the device. This limitation can act as a cause for the disconnection of data required for the user's health care monitoring, so it is one of the major obstacles of the health care device. In this study, we report the concept of a standalone healthcare monitoring module, which is based on both triboelectric effects and electromagnetic effects, by converting biomechanical energy into suitable electric energy. The proposed system can be operated independently without an external power source. In particular, the wireless foot pressure measurement monitoring system, which is rationally designed triboelectric sensor (TES), can recognize the user's walking habits through foot pressure measurement. By applying the triboelectric effects to the contact-separation behavior that occurs during walking, an effective foot pressure sensor was made, the performance of the sensor was verified through an electrical output signal according to the pressure, and its dynamic behavior is measured through a signal processing circuit using a capacitor. In addition, the biomechanical energy dissipated during walking is harvested as electrical energy by using the electromagnetic induction effect to be used as a power source for wireless transmission and signal processing. Therefore, the proposed system has a great potential to reduce the inconvenience of charging caused by limited battery capacity and to overcome the problem of data disconnection.

• Informatization Policy
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.3-19
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• 2020

Artificial intelligence(AI) and blockchain are developing as the core technology leading the Fourth Industrial Revolution. However, AI is still showing limitations in securing and verifying data and explaining the evidence for the results, and blockchain also has some drawbacks such as excessive energy consumption and lack of flexibility in data management. This study analyzed technological limitations of AI and blockchain and convergence trends to overcome them, and finally suggested ways to improve Korea's related policies. Specifically, in terms of R&D reinforcement, we proposed 1) mid- and long-term AI /blockchain convergence research at the national level and 2) blockchain-based AI data platform development. In terms of creating an innovative ecosystem, we also suggested 3) development of AI/blockchain convergence applications by industry, and 4) Start-up support for developing AI/blockchain convergence business models. Lastly, in terms of improving the legal system, we insisted that 5) widening the application of regulatory sandboxes and 6) improving regulations related to privacy protection is necessary.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.53-73
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• 2010

SCEM is the concept of reducing environmental effect on the outside of purchasing and manufacturing process, delivery, and distribution process. An ultimate aim of SCEM are obtaining environmental stability and energy/materials operational efficiency. Although the importance of greening supply chain was highlighted, former researches were often based on case studies of specific industry and didn't provide clear definition of environmental supply chain management which includes fundamental notions for business practitioners. This study focuses on findings how the SCEM system practically run and what the characteristics of SCEM is in Korean firms through case studies. It is suggested that SCEM is more effective for environmental management rather than by making limited eco-innovation. Korean firms have considered that an international environmental regulation is more important than customers' needs for environmental goods for implementing SCEM.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.43-50
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• 2013

Recent researches on plant factory system deal with the convergence of lighting technology, agricultural technology inclusive to the high-tech industries worldwide in order to respond to the decreasing crop harvest due to global warming and abnormal weather phenomena. However, the fundamental performance standard is not currently being introduced in the case of plants factory and its commercialization is not activated because of high initial investment and operating cost. Large portion of the initial investment and operating cost of a plant factory is ascribed to artificial light sources and thermal control facilities, therefore, innovation should be provided in order to improve the economics of the plant factory. As an alternative, new plant factory could harness solar thermal and geothermal systems for heating, cooling and ventilation. In this study, a natural light dependent multi-layer plant factory's thermal environment was analyzed with two-dimensional numerical methods to elicit efficient operation conditions for optimized internal physical environment. Depending on the supply air temperature and airflow rate introduced in the facility, the temperature changes around the crops was interpreted. Since the air supplied into the plant factory does not stay long enough, the ambient temperature predicted around the plating trays was not significantly different from that of the supplied air. However, the changes of airflow rate and air flow pattern could cause difference to the temperature around the planting trays. Increasing the amount of time of air staying around the planting trays could improve energy performance in case the thermal environment of a natural light based multi-layer plant factory is considered.