• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.192-196
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• 2024

Objectives: Borderline intelligence has been excluded from formal diagnostic systems and not included in disability diagnoses, leaving gaps in treatment, education, and social welfare despite various functional impairments. Therefore, we aimed to shed light on ways to enhance the intelligence and functioning of individuals with borderline intelligence by reviewing research on its progression, education, and treatment. Methods: Ten studies that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the final literature review and analyzed according to detailed topics (participant characteristics, design, and results). Results: Borderline intelligence is associated with various comorbid conditions, such as anxiety, depression, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and addictive disorders, which negatively impact its course and prognosis. Individuals with borderline intelligence often face challenges in academics, employment, interpersonal relationships, and health owing to lifelong cognitive impairments. The treatment of borderline intelligence necessitates addressing environmental factors, such as neglect and abuse, as well as treating comorbid mental disorders, which are crucial for prognosis. Tailoring treatment programs for cognitive profile characteristics have been proposed, and studies have reported the effectiveness of pharmacotherapy, working memory training, and intensive rehabilitation training. Therefore, early intervention during childhood brain development is necessary. Risk factors, such as lack of parental education, and their impact on treatment outcomes have also been reported. Conclusion: Extensive research is needed on education, treatment, and prognosis related to borderline intelligence. Active intervention for children with borderline intelligence is essential to improve their functioning and quality of life.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.327-337
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• 2024

Background: As the tremendous impact of extreme workloads, arduous working conditions, and disorganization disrupt humane job definitions in some industries, the need for workplace re-articulation was interfered to ameliorate psycho-social factors and suggest organizational intervention strategies. Especially for colossally wounded health-care (HC) systems, today it is now even more unrealizable to retain workforce resilience considering the immense impact of overwhelming working conditions. Methods: This study introduces employment of concurrent engineering tools to re-design humane workplaces annihilating abatement over devoured resources. The study handles HC-workforce resilience in a pioneering motive to introduce transformation of well-known motivators and proposes solutions for retention and resilience issues grounding on HC workers' own voice. Results: The proposed adjustable approach introduces integral use of focus group studies, SWARA, and QFD methods, and was practiced on a real-world case regarding Turkish HC workforce. The paper also presents widespread effects of findings by tendering generalized psycho-social rehabilitation strategies. Results confirmed the modifications of the most potent incessant motivators. Conclusion: "Burn out issues" and "Challenging work" were found as the most important motivator and satisfier, respectively, to be exigently fulfilled. Corrective interventions, required resolutions, and workplace articulation connotations were arbitrated in terms of entire outcomes on four dimensions in three different planning periods considering the current status, repercussions of pandemic, and contingency of similar catastrophes. Descriptive illustrations were additionally presented to support deducted interpretations.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.69-91
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• 1990

A major change in tariff rates was made in January 1989 in Korea. The benchmark tariff rate, which applies to about two thirds of all commodity items, was lowered to 15 percent from 20 percent. In addition, the variation in tariff rates among different types of commodities was reduced. This paper examines the economic impact of the tariff reform using a multisectoral general equilibrium model of the Korean economy which was introduced by Lee and Chang(1988), and by Lee(1988). More specifically, this paper attempts to find the changes in imports, exports, domestic production, consumption, prices, and employment in 31 different sectors of the economy induced by the reform in tariff rates. The policy simulations are made according to three different methods. First, tariff changes in industries are calculated strictly according to the change in legal tariff rates, which tend to over-estimate the size of the tariff reduction given the tariff-drawback system and tariff exemption applied to various import items. Second, tariff changes in industries are obtained by dividing the estimated tariff revenues of each industry by the estimated imports for that industry, which are often called actual tariff rates. According to the first method, the import-weighted average tariff rate is lowered from 15.2% to 10.2%, while the second method changes the average tariff rate from 6.2% to 4.2%. In the third method, the tariff-drawback system is internalized in the model. This paper reports the results of the policy simulation according to all three methods, comparing them with one another. It is argued that the second method yields the most realistic estimate of the changes in macro-economic variables, while the third method is useful in delineating the differences in impact across industries. The findings, according to the second method, show that the tariff reform induces more imports in most sectors. Garments, leather products, and wood products are those industries in which imports increase by more than 5 percent. On the other hand, imports in agricultural, mining and service sectors are least affected. Domestic production increases in all sectors except the following: leather products, non-metalic products, chemicals, paper and paper products, and wood-product industries. The increase in production and employment is largest in export industries, followed by service industries. An impact on macroeconomic variables is also simulated. The tariff reform increases nominal GNP by 0.26 percent, lowers the consumer price index by 0.49 percent, increases employment by 0.24 percent, and worsens the trade balance by 480 million US dollars, through a rise in exports of 540 million US dollars and a rise in imports of 1.02 billion US dollars.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.1-15
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• 2014

기술혁신이고용에 미치는 영향에 대한 논쟁은 산업혁명 시기부터 시작된 오래된 경제학적 이슈다. 개별 기술혁신의 영역과 성격, 산업 특성에 따라 상이한 양상으로 나타나는 고용변화를 한마디로 단정하기는 쉽지 않고 기술혁신에 따른 고용 보상효과를 실증적으로 검증하는 것 또한 어렵다. 하지만 기존의 기술혁신이 대체해온 인간의 능력이 주로 육체적인 것이었던 점에 비해 빠르게 진화 중인 스마트기술은 인간의 지적능력의 상당부분을 모사할 것으로 보여 주의가 요구된다. 인간 고유능력인 지능을 확장하고 나아가서는 자체적으로 인간 지능을 기술 자체에 내재화해 나가고 있는 스마트기술의 발전은 제조업뿐만 아니라 의료, 법률, 금융, 교육 등 복잡한 전문 지식과 상호작용이 필요한 영역의 업무환경과 고용에 영향을 미칠 것으로 전망된다. 한편 스마트기술에 의한 고용 대체가능성에 대한 경고에만 집중하는 것은 새로운 산업창출과 경제성장동력을 간과할 수 있다. 균형잡힌 미래 전망과 정책적 대비가 필요하다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.14-21
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• 2011

Objectives: The regulatory changes in Korea during the national economic crisis 10 years ago and in the current global recession were analyzed to understand the characteristics of deregulation in labor policies. Methods: Data for this study were derived from the Korean government's official database for administrative regulations and a government document reporting deregulation. Results: A great deal of business-friendly deregulation took place during both economic crises. Occupational health and safety were the main targets of deregulation in both periods, and the regulation of employment promotion and vocational training was preserved relatively intact. The sector having to do with working conditions and the on-site welfare of workers was also deregulated greatly during the former economic crisis, but not in the current global recession. Conclusions: Among the three main areas of labor policy, occupational health and safety was most vulnerable to the deregulation in economic crisis of Korea. A probable reason for this is that the impact of deregulation on the health and safety of workers would not be immediately disclosed after the policy change.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Systems Engineering
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.55-68
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• 2013

This study aims to analyze how much KF-X production impacts on national economy by measuring economic spread effect based on inter-industry analysis. In order to evaluate the economic impact of KF-X production, we used input-output table of year 2007 of Korea. The results shows that KF-X production induces the production of 3,129 billon won and the value added of 1,206 billon won respectively. Also there are the creation of about 13,208 employment in the industry. The results from this study can be used as a basis for the further research on whether or not KF-X production could be processed.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 1995.10a
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• pp.77-83
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• 1995

This study explores the patterns of housing-related attitudes and the kind of needs for shared community spaces among small-sized apartment housing dwellers. The major findings are as follows. The majority of the dwellers are in strong need of common spaces, especially for children's activities, Social gathering and physical exercises. Housing-related attitudes are found and grouped into 4categories the propensity to making up common society, the propensity to pursuing the quality of neighborhood, the propensity to orienting natural environment, and the propensity to participating in community. The intensity of the needs depends on family lifecycle, employment status of housewives, and the size of floor space. The propensity to making up common society and pursing the quality of neighborhood have stronger impact on needs of shared community space. This study reveals that the sense of community orientation is the most powerful predictor variable for shared community space needs .

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.121-129
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• 2006

This study investigates the impact of the shared environment of pregnant women and their unborn child on the later emotional and behavioral characteristics of a child, extending into his or her adulthood. Using a sample of some 16,000 children from the National Child Development Study, the study demonstrated a positive relationship between the quality of the maternal environment and later emotional and behavioral performances during childhood and adulthood. These findings support the study hypothesis, suggesting that parenting environment such as mother‘s employment, husband’s social class and the mother‘s smoking habits during pregnancy has an affection on the later emotional and behavioral development of the child. The dimensions of the child’s emotional and behavioral well-being may be enhanced by therapeutic interventions and/or by helping pregnant women to develop a positive social network.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.345-358
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• 1997

This study investigated the pattern of division of household labor between married couples and the determining variables of the division of household work. In addition, this study examined the effect of the pattern of the division of household work and the sense of fairness on marital satisfaction. Two hundreds forty two married couples living near seoul were selected. Both wives and husbands reported their daily time-use pattern. According to the results, flexibility of husbands' work schedules hours of market work of husbands, husbands' sex role attitudes, and the presence of household assistant affected significantly on the extent of household work time. In addition, husbands' household work time had direct effects on marital satisfaction of couples. In wives' hours of household labor, the significant variables were wives' employment status, presence of younger children, total income, wives' sex role attitudes, and hours of household labor performed by housework assistant. In addition, wives' sense of fairness had impact significantly on marital satisfaction.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.315-316
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• 2012

The construction industry in the local areas business as the archetypal local one is effectuating industrial production, create employment and so on to perform a significant part in keeping local economy also reviving sluggish economy. The construction stagnation in market may cause severe economic depression in local which leads to having a crippling impact on local constructive industry, in terms of the phenomenon is on the interrelation between the local construction industry and local economy, with regard to local economy which is not covered by firm based industries is wield strong influenced over by construction industry. The object of this study is to research possible improvement factors on the preferential basis by only companies' efforts, therefore the policy of government or local self-governing body in support may be unnecessarily involved after grasping faced practical problems at regional construction companies from analysing the present condition of local construction marketplace and companies.