• 노동경제논집
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.1-28
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• 2003

본 논문은 고령 노동자에 대한 퇴직의 압력이 직종별로 어떻게 달랐으며 그러한 차이가 시간에 따라 어떻게 변화했는지를 살펴봄으로써 산업화 시기 미국 고령남성의 고용상의 지위 변화를 분석하였다. 직종에 따른 퇴직확률을 비교한 회귀분석 결과는 경제적 지위와 근로조건이 우월한 직종에 고용되어 있던 고령 노동자들의 퇴직확률이 더 낮았다는 사실을 보여준다. 이 결과는 이미 20세기 초부터 은퇴 행위가 기본적으로 자발적인 것이었다는 최근의 견해를 반박하는 것이다. 장기실업의 상대적인 비율에 기초하여 측정한 노령화에 따른 노동시장에서의 불이익은 숙련공, 조립공, 판매직 등의 직업군에서 컸던 것으로 나타났다. 반면 농민과 관리 및 전문직 종사자는 고령화에 따른 고용상의 불리함이 상대적으로 적었던 것으로 보인다. 1880년에서 1940년 사이에 발생한 직업구조의 변화 패턴을 살펴보면, 산업화와 함께 노년기의 퇴직압력이 상대적으로 강했던 산업들의 비중이 커졌다는 것을 알 수 있다.

• 대한지역사회작업치료학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2013

목적 : 본 연구는 작업치료사의 인구사회학적 특성과 직업에 대한 태도와의 관련성을 알아보고자 실시하였다. 연구방법 : 작업치료사를 대상으로 설문지 조사를 하였다. 조사에 응한 125명 중 설문 항목을 제대로 답하지 않은 2명을 제외한 123명을 연구대상으로 하였다. 결과 : 직업만족도는 고용형태, 병원규모에 따라 유의한 차이가 있었고, 직업스트레스는 고용형태, 직업지향성은 병원규모에 따라 유의한 차이가 있었다. 또한 직업에 대한 태도의 상관성에서 직무만족도는 월 소득이 높을수록, 정규직일수록, 병원규모에서는 재활병원이나, 요양원 보다는 종합병원일수록 더 높았다. 직업만족도는 직업이 안정되고, 직업스트레스가 적으며, 직업지향성이 높을수록 높은 것으로 나타났고, 직업이 안정될수록, 직업지향성이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 결론 : 작업치료사의 직업에 대한 태도를 향상시키기 위해서는 고용의 형태를 정규직화하고, 직업만족도와 직업지향성을 향상시키기 위한 교육 및 처우 개선이 필요하다고 사료된다.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.11-24
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• 2002

This study was to propose a basic model of specialization in home economics for vocational high school development in JellaNamdo. The results were summarized as follows. First. based on the changes in economic environment into service industry and national educational policy and local vocational educational Policy, it may be good time to socially discuss special vocational high school in home economics in JellaNamdo in the light of meeting local students' demand. Secondly, considering local students' preference and the conditions of local economy and industry. Thirdly, the system for specialization in home economics of vacational high school may be suggested. The basic model was organized plans of system reformation by stages, a substantial plans, and academic or employment course development. System reformation plans was that the high school-concentrated district should be first selected by area and department and one high school should be selected as special high school in home economics. Then specific method should proceed school name, the measure to recruit students, specific method for reorganizing department. and curriculum. Finally, the annual plan to establish new department and to recruit students should be Prepared. Substantial plans were to actually forward such methods to reorganize system and to enhance the qualify of vocational high school education. the method for making substantial should be studied further It may include: the methods to ensure special teachers, training room, and facilities. the prospect and direction of career development, employment, or initiation, special research, and the application to educational environment. Employment courses were developed SOHO establishment in small capital and special store management. And academic courses was to enter a collage or university in conjunction with major departments.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.159-164
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• 2017

기존의 취업정보 시스템은 사용자가 원하는 취업정보를 검색했을 때 그 결과가 수많은 리스트로 나열되어 한눈에 알아보기 어려운 단점이 존재한다. 또한 기존 시스템의 문제점에서 구인, 구직자의 만족도 제고를 위한 서비스 강화 및 사용, 환경의 품질 향상을 위한 개선 방안이 요구되고 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 사용자가 원하는 다양한 지역별, 조건별 취업 정보를 웹 지도상에서 손쉽고 편리하게 검색할 수 있는 매시업 기능을 이용한 취업 정보 시스템을 개발한다. 본 논문에서는 많은 취업정보 제공자로부터 취업 관련 정보들의 RSS를 수집하고 사용자가 원하는 다양한 지역별, 조건별 취업 정보를 웹 지도상에서 손쉽고 편리하게 검색할 수 있는 매시업 기능을 이용한 취업 정보 시스템을 개발하였다.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.153-167
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• 2005

This study was conducted to help develop women's human resources and promote married women's return to workforce. Using various data, we examined the patterns of Korean women's economic activities over the lifecycle, career discontinuation and return to the workforce. We also interviewed twenty full-time housewives who wanted to return to workforce. The interview questions included reasons for seeking employment, desired working conditions, and difficulties in finding a job. Major findings are as follows: First, there were two groups with respect to reasons why they want employment One was an economic need such as earning basic living expenses and supporting the family. The other was self-realization and social participation. Second most women wanted to do unskilled labor such as housekeeping work, whereas some young or well-educated women looked for a professional job. Third, married women preferred part-time jobs, which were compatible with their family care demands. Most of them wanted a workplace located close to home. The women with child-care responsibility preferred working at home. Fourth, regarding difficulties of returning to workforce, they pointed out vocational ability problems due to their career discontinuation, social prejudice such as gender discrimination and psychological pressure in maintaining work and family at the same time. In order to promote employment of married women, it is required not only to change social prejudices but also to increase effectiveness in policy implementation. In addition, counseling for job-search and vocational ability training programs should be provide.

• 사회복지연구
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.179-204
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• 2016

본 연구는 가족의 삶과 매우 밀접한 영역인 사회서비스의 사각지대의 개념을 정립하고, 사회서비스의 사각지대 실태를 아동가구, 노인가구, 장애가구, 빈곤가구로 분류하여 분석하였다. 분석을 위하여 사회서비스 수요공급실태조사의 가구용 조사 원자료를 활용하였고, 분석대상은 4,038명이다. 분석의 결과 대상의 포괄성 측면에서 사각지대 규모가 가장 큰 서비스는 고용지원서비스와 문화서비스인 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 가구 유형별로 큰 차이가 없었지만, 아동가구에서 주거지원 서비스, 노인가구에서 상담서비스에 대한 욕구가 충족되지 않는다는 것도 주목할 만하다. 급여의 충분성 측면에서 사각지대 정도가 가장 큰 서비스는 보건의료와 고용지원서비스인 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 가구 유형별로 봤을 때는 노인과 장애가구, 빈곤가구 모두 성인돌봄서비스가 서비스의 양적 충분성이 가장 낮은 것으로 나타났고, 아동가구는 지역사회서비스가 불충분한 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 분석 결과를 바탕으로 본 연구는 보건의료와 고용지원 서비스에 대한 확대, 현재 과잉공급되는 것으로 분석된 서비스에 대한 점검, 정부에서 제공하는 서비스 중 사각지대가 큰 것에 대한 민간조직의 집중 개입 등을 제안하였다.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.97-104
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• 2019

건설업은 옥외이동생산, 주문제작 생산이라는 특징을 지니고 있어 기계화나 자동화가 어렵기 때문에 인력에 대한 의존도가 높은 산업이다. 따라서 양질의 기능인력 확보와 양성이 중요하지만 과거부터 수요에 비해 공급이 지속적으로 부족한 실정이다. 특히 청년층 인력은 높은 노동강도, 임시직 일용직 고용구조, 불투명한 미래비전 등으로 인해 건설업 취업을 더더욱 기피하고 있다. 현재 국내에는 청년층 기능인력을 양성하기 위한 기관으로 특성화 고등학교 건설 관련학과가 편성되어 있으나, 졸업 후 건설업으로 취업하는 비율이 낮으며, 기능역량도 낮은 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 문제점을 개선하기 위해 특성화 고등학교의 교육 훈련실태를 분석하여 문제점을 도출하고, 교육체계의 중점개선사항을 도출하였다. 또한 분석 결과에 대한 개선방안으로 교육 훈련경력 인정방안의 마련, 기업체와의 산학협력 확대, 외부 교육기관과의 연계 확대를 제시하였다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.118-127
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• 2022

This study analyzes the characteristics of occupational accidents of food delivery via motorcycle in terms of accident probability and work-days. Depending on their employment status, food-delivery workers were divided into "employed" workers (who work for restaurants) and "special-type" workers (who work for delivery platforms). Collected data include occupational accident-information during the last two years (1,468 cases for employed workers and 4,899 cases for special-type workers) and their risk information such as age, work experience, accident location, season of the accident, and weather conditions. The study finds that special-type workers had a significantly higher accident probability for the younger age group (80.8%), while employed workers had more accidents in both 20's or younger (34.9%) and 50's or older (25.4%). The number of work-days-lost was higher for special-type workers with less work experience, and it decreased with increasing work experience. Moreover, the chance for accidents was higher at night time (55%) than for day time (45%) for special-type workers as well as for employed workers. The number of work-days-lost was higher in foreign workers (180.79 days) than in Korean workers (121.44 days). Accident probability (30.7%) and work-days-lost (136.2 days) was higher in winter than in other seasons. In addition, accidents-per-day was higher on snowy days (12.7 cases per day) than rainy (8.1) and windy days (7.1). In addition, it was found that deadly accidents mainly caused injuries to face, head, and chest, while non-deadly accidents affected mainly the legs and feet. This study enables the development of better policies to prevent accidents of food delivery workers.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.471-478
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• 2021

Background: Employment standards (ES) include having a regular payday, regular breaks, the right to paid sick or vacation time, and paid wages. Inadequate ES contribute to the labour market vulnerability of workers; however, they are not typically considered to be risk factors for workplace injury. In a sample of Canadian workers, we examine the risk of injury associated with inadequate ES, independent of, and combined with inadequate workplace protections from workplace hazards. Methods: Data from 2,803 adults working 15 hours or more/week in workplaces with at least five employees were analysed. We explored associations between exposure to workplace hazards with inadequate protections [termed occupational health and safety (OHS) vulnerability] and inadequate ES on workplace injury (physical or mental injury; injury requiring time off). Additive interaction models were used to examine the independent and combined effects of these exposures. Results: Occupational health and safety vulnerability and inadequate ES were independently associated with increased injury outcomes. Adjusted models showed an additive relationship for all injury outcomes between OHS vulnerability and inadequate ES. Statistically significant superadditive relationships were observed for physical injury risk with policy and procedure vulnerability plus inadequate ES [synergy index (S) 1.50, 95% CI: 1.13-2.00] and for overall OHS vulnerability plus inadequate ES (S 1.53, 95% CI: 1.16-2.02), suggesting a combined effect greater than independent effects. Conclusion: Occupational health and safety vulnerability and inadequate ES are independently associated with workplace injury. For certain injury outcomes, the combined effect of OHS vulnerability and inadequate ES is greater than the independent effects of each individual exposure.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.175-187
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• 2022

Purpose: This study was conducted with a focus group interview that drew out experiences, limitations, and difficulties in the workplace according to the employment conditions of visiting nurses in the public health centers. Methods: A total of 12 visiting nurses are those working in the public sector in Seoul and Gyeonggi province who were willing to participate in the interview. Analysis categories and coding were divided into three categories: compensation system, occupational status, and opinions to improve their treatment. Using the content analysis method, the current working status and compensation system of visiting nurses were described. Results: The main themes derived from the significant statements of visiting nurses were 'Ten years of frozen salary system', 'Full-time workers of their own league', 'Excluded from performance benefits', 'Every visiting nurses are virtually precarious', 'Experience of exclusion and discrimination', and 'Reasons and barriers to be a full-time worker'. All of the visiting nurses working in the community insisted on having equal treatment for work of equal value. Visiting nurses in the public health sector wanted to be set to the same payment system and the fair allowance system as well. It is necessary to continuously seek solutions to the problems left in insisting on the civil service of visiting nurses. Conclusion: Visiting nurses who were working in a precarious job position felt job insecurity, and experienced discrimination, alienation, and exclusion. Legal and institutional reform is needed to improve the treatment of visiting nurses.