• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.209-223
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to examine the moderating effects of emotional intelligence in the relationship between transformational leadership and organizational commitment. To achieve the this research purpose, theoretical and empirical studies related to transformational leadership, organizational commitment, and emotional intelligence were carried out simultaneously. The established hypotheses related to transformational leadership, organizational commitment, and emotional intelligence were verified by the hierarchical regression analysis using SPSS. The result of this research are as followers : First, the hierarchical regression analysis revealed that moderation term was significant(${\beta}$=0.146, p<.01). The interaction term for charisma and emotional intelligence had a significant and positive relationship with organizational commitment. Second, the hierarchical regression analysis revealed that moderation term was insignificant(${\beta}$=2.295, p<.05) The interaction term for inspirational motivation and emotional intelligence had a significant and positive relationship with organizational commitment. Third, the hierarchical regression analysis revealed that moderation term was significant(${\beta}$=0.200, p<.001). The interaction term for intellectual stimulation and emotional intelligence had a significant and positive relationship with organizational commitment. Fourth, the hierarchical regression analysis revealed that moderation term was significant(${\beta}$=2.213, p<.01).

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.391-394
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• 2012

The purpose of the present study was to prove our empirical tendency of relatively high small intestinal diameter (SI) to fifth lumbar vertebral height (L5) ratio, which has been used in dogs. In this study, the ratio of SI/L5 was determined in small breed dogs weighing less than 5 kg. In addition, the effect of large volume of contrast media on the intestinal dilation was determined by performing upper gastrointestinal contrast study. Abdominal radiography and upper gastrointestinal series were performed in twelve healthy dogs weighing less than 5 kg. Small intestinal diameter (SI), fifth lumbar vertebral height (L5), and twelveth rib diameter were measured on abdominal radiographs. The range of values of SI/L5 is from 1.03 to 2.26 in plain radiography, and from 1.55 to 2.5 in contrast studies. Contrast agent significantly increased small intestinal diameter, and could be considered as mildly dilated intestinal model. Therefore, a value of 2.1 for SI/L5 is recommended as the upper limit of the normal range suggesting nonobstructive intestinal dilation.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.539-553
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• 2017

We propose a multi-state model to analyze semi-competing risks data with interval-censored or missing intermediate events. This model is an extension of the three states of the illness-death model: healthy, disease, and dead. The 'diseased' state can be considered as the intermediate event. Two more states are added into the illness-death model to incorporate the missing events, which are caused by a loss of follow-up before the end of a study. One of them is a state of the lost-to-follow-up (LTF), and the other is an unobservable state that represents an intermediate event experienced after the occurrence of LTF. Given covariates, we employ the Lin and Ying additive hazards model with log-normal frailty and construct a conditional likelihood to estimate transition intensities between states in the multi-state model. A marginalization of the full likelihood is completed using adaptive importance sampling, and the optimal solution of the regression parameters is achieved through an iterative quasi-Newton algorithm. Simulation studies are performed to investigate the finite-sample performance of the proposed estimation method in terms of empirical coverage probability of true regression parameters. Our proposed method is also illustrated with a dataset adapted from Helmer et al. (2001).

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.155-168
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate characteristics of Blockchain to introduce Blockchain technology to the medical industry. Thus, the 5 factors such as Security, Availability, Reliability, Diversity and Economic feasibility were used as the characteristics of Blockchain, which are independent variable, based on precedent studies. Also, Technology Acceptance Model(TAM) that are widely used in the research on Acceptance Intention in order to introduce new technology accept was utilized for intervening variable and dependent variable. For the purpose of this study, the health professionals and ordinary people were classified into health care providers and medical service consumers respectively to conduct survey and comparative analysis. The researching findings discovered that Hypothesis1-1(Security-Perceived Easiness-Acceptance Intention), Hypothesis2-1(Security-Perceived Usefulness-Acceptance Intention) and Hypothesis 3-1(Security-Perceived Easiness-Perceived Usefulness-Acceptance Intention) were rejected in all participants including health professionals and ordinary people. Additionally, all characteristics of Blockchain such as Availability, Reliability, Diversity and Economic feasibility were rejected in Hypothesis3-2 and Hypothesis 3-5 that pass through Easiness and Usefulness to Acceptance Intention, in case of the medical service consumers. Thus, this study discovered and confirmed that there's difference between the health care providers and medical service in the characteristics of Blockchain, as they pass through Perceived Easiness and Perceived Usefulness to Acceptance Intention. The significance of this study can be found, as it suggested activation plan through empirical analysis, which was hardly ever used in the study on Blockchain activation.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.73-87
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to investigate the structural relationship among job stress, ego-resilience, social support, and burnout of art therapists. This study verified the relationship and the effect by setting a research model with job stress as independent variable, ego-resilience as mediator variable, social support as control variable, and burnout as dependent variable based on the previous studies. In order to do this study, 300 questionnaires were distributed to art therapists and the 233 questionnaires were used finally for empirical analysis. The results of this study are as follows. First, only career showed significant correlation among personal environmental factors (education, career, treatment time, income per hour, number of supervision). Second, the relationship between job stress and burnout was partially mediated by ego-resilience. Third, social support showed a regulation effect on the relationship between ego-resilience and burnout. Thus, ego-resilience showed a mediation effect in the path that job stress affects burnout, and this mediation effect varies with the level of social support. So the moderated mediation effect was confirmed.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.1-21
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• 2011

Technical change and technological innovation have become major drivers of economic progress in the knowledge oriented economies where growth, productivity, and competitiveness are increasingly based on improved technologies, novel products, upgraded processes or customized services. The creation of new knowledge, modifying or improving existent knowledge, or imitation of others, has become central to economic development. New discoveries, state-of-the-art information gathering procedures, or successful problem solving routines are often at he core of these innovations. Despite the generally acknowledged importance of science in many high-tech areas of major economic relevance, there is few science-related statistics to be found in high-profile international benchmarking reports. This paper aims to provide an answer by advancing our understanding of the possibilities of indicators quantifying linkages between science and technology. Central are the concepts of innovation capability and science/technology interface, which are used to assemble a wide range of empirical studies and quantitative indicators to summarize their possibilities and limitations for producing comparative statistics. For the purpose of the study, we extracted the US patents by Korean assignees or inventors, scientific papers cited in the patents in order to analyze the characteristics of linkage of scientific knowledge flows. The review focuses on indicators dealing with flows of written or codified information, and indicators of inventiveness that capture the non-codifiable tacit knowledge dimension. General conclusions will be drawn with a view towards further developments in the foreseeable future, suggesting new avenues for the design and implementation of patent-based and inventor-based relationships between scientific research and technical development within the context of regional or national systems of innovation.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.77-96
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• 2017

Purpose - This study aims to develop correspondence strategies to the environment change in domestic retail store types. Recently, new types of retails have emerged in retail industries. Therefore, trade area platform has developed focusing on the speed of data, no longer trade area from district border. Besides, 'trade area smart' brings about change in retail types with the development of giga internet. Thus, context shopping is changing the way of consumers' purchase pattern through data capture, technology capability, and algorithm development. For these reasons, the sales estimation model has been shown to be flawed using the notion of former scale and time, and it is necessary to construct a new model. Research design, data, and methodology - This study focuses on measuring retail change in large multi-shopping mall for the outlook for retail industry and competition for trade area with the theoretical background understanding of retail store types and overall domestic retail conditions. The competition among retail store types are strong, whereas the borders among them are fading. There is a greater need to analyze on a new model because sales expectation can be hard to get with business area competition. For comprehensive research, therefore, the research method based on the statistical analysis was excluded, and field survey and literature investigation method were used to identify problems and propose an alternative. In research material, research fidelity has improved with complementing research data related with retail specialists' as well as department stores. Results - This study analyzed trade area survival and its pattern through sales estimation and empirical studies on trade areas. The sales estimation, based on Huff model system, counts the number of households shopping absorption expectation from trade areas. Based on the results, this paper estimated sales scale, and then deducted modified probability model. Conclusions - In times of retail store chain destruction and off-line store reorganization, modified Huff model has problems in estimating sales. Transformation probability model, supplemented by the existing problems, was analyzed to be more effective in competitiveness business condition. This study offers a viable alternative to figure out related trade areas' sale estimation by reconstructing new-modified probability model. As a result, the future task is to enlarge the borders from IT infrastructure with data and evidence based business into DT infrastructure.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.137-145
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to suggest the measures to measure the shopping satisfaction and to increase the shopping satisfaction. We conducted surveys and conducted empirical analysis on Chinese tourists visiting duty free shops in Busan using direct survey method. The results of this study are as follows. First, factor analysis for subdividing the duty - free choice attribute was analyzed as store attribute, product attribute, and service attribute. Second, based on this analysis, the effect of each attribute on shopping satisfaction showed statistically significant positive results. Third, the analysis of the relative size of the effects of analytic attributes on satisfaction showed that store attributes were the highest. That is, the quality of duty-free shops, services, and products increases overall shopping satisfaction. Therefore, it can be said that the strategy implementation that improves the quality of the attributes affecting the satisfaction is expected to contribute to the improvement of the management performance, and suggests the management implications for the activation of the operation of the duty - free shop. Future studies will be more meaningful if more variety of shopping places are studied.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.21-27
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• 2020

This paper studies the impact of domestic and foreign economic activity on mobility among regions. The shortage of human resources and demand continues in Eastern Europeans. Especially Ukrainians, have entered the Polish labor market to make up for the scarce areas. As a result, Poland's supply and demand in Ukraine is disproportionate. Minimum wage increases are putting continued pressure on employers. Therefore, the regression equation in the form of job-seeker's economic activity ratio, y= AX²+B,(x=settlers) can be used to grasp the relationship between curves. According to the domestic and foreign workers who migrated, economic activities was rather than increasing the local population, the settlers of nearby large cities is more proportional. Empirical analysis has shown that the human resource hub has increased migration to large cities and industrial. The hub 'A'nation has been created for mobility in 4th wave re-industry, and the same re-industrialization (N₂) in other cities has attracted nearby human resources, but not settle. After all, the hub relationship between N₁ and N₂ is a mobile relationship. Due to wage inequality or a positive wellbeing chasm, workers are not settled plant area but a nearby city, or commuting between borders is easy to go into the hub central city. However, this proved on emerging from the relatively temporary settlers in the AI era.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.1387-1395
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• 2015

Since the financial crisis of 2008, the People's Republic of China has aggressively been pursuing the internationalization of the Chinese Yuan or Renminbi. In this regard, rapidly increasing use of the Chinese Yuan in the onshore and offshore markets are important milestones. This paper analyzes relationship between the onshore and offshore Chinese Yuan spot markets. Major findings of this paper are as follows : First, there is full feedback relationship between the Onshore and Offshore Chinese Yuan Markets. Second, the difference between the yuan's offshore exchange rate and the onshore was getting tight. Third, the offshore Yuan market affects on the onshore market based on the empirical tests.