• 제목/요약/키워드: Empirical factor

검색결과 2,342건 처리시간 0.025초

무동력 회전장치를 이용한 철도환적시스템의 경제성 평가에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Evaluation of Economic Benefit for Railway Transshipment System with Non-Powered Turntable)

  • 김광희;김현덕
    • 한국항만경제학회지
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    • 제29권4호
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    • pp.1-25
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    • 2013
  • 철도운송은 도입초기에 비하여 우리나라의 인구 및 산업 활동이 비약적으로 증대하여 국토 및 경제의 구조는 현저히 변모하였음에도 불구하고, 철도망은 초기의 골격을 거의 그대로 유지하고 있다. 이로 인해 그동안 건설된 대규모산업단지와 화물터미널의 화물수송 시 접근성이 개선되지 않고 있으며, 현재의 철도망은 네트워크로서 용량의 균형을 이루지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 화물자동차운송의 증가로 인하여 도로의 정체, 교통사고의 증가 Co2 증가 많은 사회적 문제가 대두되고 있으며, 대량운송에 적합한 철도화물수송이 수출입화물의 중요 운송수단이 되어야 함에도 불구하고, 현행의 불합리한 운임체계는 화주의 물류비를 가중시킴은 물론 철도화물유치에 어려움을 주는 요건이 되고 있다. 특히 철도화물수송은 화주가 철도로 대화물을 수송할 경우 철도본선 운임 이외에도 집 배송비용과 상하차 작업료 등의 부대비용을 지불해야 하기 때문에 화물자동차와 비교해 볼 때 철도수송을 불리하게 만드는 요인으로 작용하고 있어 철도물류 활성화를 새로운 철도운영체제의 도입이 필요하다. 본 연구는 우리나라에 무동력 회전장치를 이용하여 철도화물의 환적시스템을 구축하였을 경우 발생할 비용과 편익에 대하여 사례분석을 통하여 경제적 타당성을 분석하고자 하였다. 연구 결과 현재의 철도화물의 물동량으로는 무동력 회전장치의 도입이 현실적으로 어려우며 물동량의 확충이 이루어진 다음에 무동력 회전장치 등 철도화물의 환적 시스템 구축이 도입되어야 할 것으로 판단된다. 향후 해양수산부, 국토교통부, 환경부, 화주협회, 환경관련 단체 등이 공동으로 참여하여 모달쉬프트 도입에 따른 도로운송에서 철도운송으로의 전환에 대한 연구가 지속적으로 수행되어야 할 것으로 판단된다.

Computational estimation of the earthquake response for fibre reinforced concrete rectangular columns

  • Liu, Chanjuan;Wu, Xinling;Wakil, Karzan;Jermsittiparsert, Kittisak;Ho, Lanh Si;Alabduljabbar, Hisham;Alaskar, Abdulaziz;Alrshoudi, Fahed;Alyousef, Rayed;Mohamed, Abdeliazim Mustafa
    • Steel and Composite Structures
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    • 제34권5호
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    • pp.743-767
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    • 2020
  • Due to the impressive flexural performance, enhanced compressive strength and more constrained crack propagation, Fibre-reinforced concrete (FRC) have been widely employed in the construction application. Majority of experimental studies have focused on the seismic behavior of FRC columns. Based on the valid experimental data obtained from the previous studies, the current study has evaluated the seismic response and compressive strength of FRC rectangular columns while following hybrid metaheuristic techniques. Due to the non-linearity of seismic data, Adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) has been incorporated with metaheuristic algorithms. 317 different datasets from FRC column tests has been applied as one database in order to determine the most influential factor on the ultimate strengths of FRC rectangular columns subjected to the simulated seismic loading. ANFIS has been used with the incorporation of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Genetic algorithm (GA). For the analysis of the attained results, Extreme learning machine (ELM) as an authentic prediction method has been concurrently used. The variable selection procedure is to choose the most dominant parameters affecting the ultimate strengths of FRC rectangular columns subjected to simulated seismic loading. Accordingly, the results have shown that ANFIS-PSO has successfully predicted the seismic lateral load with R2 = 0.857 and 0.902 for the test and train phase, respectively, nominated as the lateral load prediction estimator. On the other hand, in case of compressive strength prediction, ELM is to predict the compressive strength with R2 = 0.657 and 0.862 for test and train phase, respectively. The results have shown that the seismic lateral force trend is more predictable than the compressive strength of FRC rectangular columns, in which the best results belong to the lateral force prediction. Compressive strength prediction has illustrated a significant deviation above 40 Mpa which could be related to the considerable non-linearity and possible empirical shortcomings. Finally, employing ANFIS-GA and ANFIS-PSO techniques to evaluate the seismic response of FRC are a promising reliable approach to be replaced for high cost and time-consuming experimental tests.

중소기업의 글로벌 경쟁력 제고를 위한 스마트공장 표준화 전략 (Standardization Strategy of Smart Factory for Improving SME's Global Competitiveness)

  • 정선양;전중양;황정재
    • 기술혁신학회지
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    • 제19권3호
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    • pp.545-571
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    • 2016
  • 정보통신(ICT)의 발달은 제조업에 있어 큰 변화를 가져왔으며 제조공정에는 사물인터넷, 증강현실, 빅데이터와 같은 최신 정보기술이 적용되어 스마트공장이라는 이름으로 진화하고 있다. 이에 미국, 독일, 일본 등 선진국들은 전기전자, 자동차, 기계 등의 제조업에서 스마트공장을 활발히 도입함에 따라 기존의 제조기업들의 생산품질을 높이고, 생산 환경은 유연한 체제로 변화시키면서 미래 제조업을 앞당기고 있다. 이러한 변화는 국내 제조업에까지 영향을 미치게 되었으며 대기업 중심으로 스마트공장이 이루어지고 있다. 그러나 중소기업들은 기술적, 재무적 어려움으로 인해 스마트공장을 적극적으로 도입하고 있지 못하다. 이같은 배경 속에서 본 논문은 스마트공장의 표준화가 중소기업들의 스마트공장의 활용에 큰 기여를 할 것으로 전제하고 우리나라 중소기업들의 스마트공장의 표준화 전략 및 확산 방안을 도출하는 것을 목표로 하고 있다. 이를 위하여 본 연구에서는 이론분석을 통하여 스마트공장의 확산에 영향을 미치는 요소를 기술적 요인, 조직적 요인, 산업적 요인, 정책적 요인으로 도출 분류하고 사례분석을 실시하였다. 실증분석 대상은 우리나라 제조업의 핵심이 되고 있는 뿌리산업이며, 특히 금형분야의 두 기업을 대상으로 실시하였다. 이를 바탕으로 본 연구에서는 향후 뿌리산업 중소기업들에게 스마트공장 구축을 위한 표준화 전략 4가지, 즉 국제 표준화, 정부주도 표준화, 기업주도 표준화, 비표준화 추진 등을 도출 및 제안하였다.

중소창업기업 웹사이트의 품질평가를 통한 고객 만족감과 구매의도와의 관계에 관한 연구 (An Empirical Study on the Influence of Web site's Quality Assessment of Entrepreneurial Company to Customer's Satisfaction and Purchase Intention)

  • 이우진;오혜미
    • 한국산학기술학회논문지
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    • 제15권6호
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    • pp.3478-3489
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    • 2014
  • 인터넷 이용자가 증가하고 국내의 IT 인프라 확충을 통한 IT 기술의 보편화는 기업들의 웹사이트 사용을 증가시켰고 이로 인하여 인터넷 유저들은 다양한 웹사이트들을 경험하기 시작하였다. 이미 기업이나 공공기관들은 웹사이트를 조직의 성공 수단으로 활용하고 있으며 특히 한정된 자원을 가지고 있는 중소창업기업들의 비즈니스에서 온라인 웹사이트는 상대적으로 적은 비용으로 고객과의 소통을 만들어 주는 중요한 역할을 하고 있다. 이러한 디지털 환경에서 기업에서 구축한 웹사이트의 품질은 고객의 만족과 구매에 직접적인 영향을 미치기 때문에 중소창업기업들이 시장에서 경쟁우위를 선점하기 위해서는 웹사이트에 대한 세밀한 품질분석을 통한 중요요인을 도출하고 자원을 집중하는 효율적인 경영활동이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 중소창업기업의 웹사이트에 방문하는 고객들을 대상으로 총 523부의 설문지를 회수하여 분석하였고 서비스 품질측정 도구인 ServQual을 이용하여 고객의 만족과 구매의도에 영향을 미치는 요인의 상관관계를 AMOS 18.0 프로그램을 사용하여 분석하였다. 분석결과 가상의 공간에서 이루어지는 중소창업기업의 웹사이트는 잘 제작된 웹사이트를 통한 편리함과 고객대응 그리고 제공된 정보에 대한 믿음을 통해 방문 고객들의 만족에 주요한 영향을 미치고 있음을 알 수 있었으며, 다수의 고객들이 방문하여 커뮤니티가 활성화 되어있는가에 대한 부분 역시 고객들의 구매의도에 유의한 영향을 미치고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구는 새 정부의 창조경제 시대를 맞이하여 빠르게 증가하고 있는 중소창업기업들에게 지속가능한 경영을 위한 수단으로써 효율적인 웹사이트 구축을 할 수 있는 방법을 제시하였다.

유통서비스 기업의 공급사슬 운영성과 경로에서 파트너 관계자산의 역할 (The Role of Relational Capital in Supply Chain Management for Distribution Service Firms)

  • 조연성
    • 유통과학연구
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    • 제13권11호
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    • pp.111-121
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    • 2015
  • Purpose - This study's purpose is to investigate the impact of supply chain management (SCM) factors among targeted Korean distribution firms. Antecedents are established for supply chain orientation (SCO) for the management and organization of cultural assets. The research sets up SCO corresponding to management cultural assets and to organizational factors in the results. The research model is created to examine the SCO based on a strategic perspective and the operational performance of the SC and SCM. In addition, an integrated model is constructed to analyze the moderating effect by setting partner cooperation as a relational capital factor. The main aim of this study is to analyze the characteristics of the supply chain structure as a source of competitive advantage for distribution service firms participating in the supply chain. In the moderating effects analysis, the role of partner cooperation as relational capital is examined in detail. Research design, data, and methodology - The study examined the existing research related to supply chains, discussing the antecedents of the performance of SCM and SCO. SCM was established with the partner's cooperation as relational capital. Including the moderating effects of the partner cooperation, the research proposed a seven hypotheses path analysis model. The samples were collected from the Korean export enterprises in the distribution service sector, with 185 samples selected for the final analysis. To try and measure the four latent variables presented in the analysis model based on existing studies, 22 measurement items were used. The empirical analysis used the appropriate PLS (partial least squares) method on the path analysis reliability and validity and for common method bias. After testing the seven hypotheses, the research tested the moderating effects to the path analysis. Using PLS as structural equation modeling, the seven hypotheses were tested including the moderating effects of the partner relational capital on the 185 samples. Results - In the results, the SCO had a positive impact on both SCM and the relational capital of partner cooperation. The SCM had a significant impact on the operational performance of the SC. Further, partner cooperation also had a significant impact on SCM and the operational performance of the SC. The moderating effect analysis of the SCM and partner cooperation found a significant impact on the operational performance of the SC. On the other hand, the moderating effect of the SCO and partner cooperation did not affect the SCM. Conclusion - The results of this research show that the existing supply chain-related research can be applied to the operational performance of the SC for a Korean distribution service firm. In view of the fact that SCO is a source of competitive advantage, it should be taken into account when a firm wants to improve the performance of the SCM of the distribution service. This is because it can be assumed that SCO plays a role in supply chain management for the distribution firm.

Korean Customer Attitudes Towards SNS Shopping

  • Cho, Young-Sang;Heo, Jeong-Yoon;Youn, Myoung-Kil
    • 유통과학연구
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    • 제10권8호
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    • pp.7-14
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    • 2012
  • As a new format of retailing, social shopping on SNS has rapidly grown in recent. Although there is much literature associated with customer behaviours in the academic world, little attention has been paid to identifying the shopping patterns of SNS shoppers. This paper will, thus, identify how perceived value has an impact on the buying intention of SNS shoppers, after illustrating what kind of factor influences the formation process of perceived value in the Korean marketplace. Given that SNS shoppers are for the most part 20s as well as 30s, the authors handed out questionnaires to them. Furthermore, based on literature review results, the conceptualised research model was developed. Despite lack of literature, the authors developed five constructs like price reduction, quantity- and time-limited message, product ranges, information-sharing, and required number of shoppers. The researchers made a considerable effort to identify the relationship between research concepts and each variable, based on a few research analysis methods such as frequency analysis, the Varimax rotation technique used orthogonal rotation, Cronbach's Alpha, PCA (Principle Component Analysis), and the like. Amongst the 5 variables used to measure the degree of influences on the perceived value as a social shopping characteristic, it has been evident that price cut, required minimum shoppers, product variety, and information-sharing have a positive impact on the perceived value formation processes of SNS customers. Also, this research implies that SNS retailers can differentiate themselves from other retailers by differently using the above factors. From a practitioner's point of view, these factors should be strategically used to increase the social shopping opportunities of SNS users. It is, furthermore, evident that the perceived value formed by the above 4 factors have played an important role in the buying decision process of SNS customers. In a sense, whether customers are aware of higher price cut rates, information-sharing, required minimum shoppers, and product variety has a positive impact on making buying decisions. From a retailer's point of view, online shopping mall operators are able to use blog as well as twitter to improve the buying intention as a marketing tool of social network, because the business activities provided by social shopping retailers, like the rapid, accurate responses to customer requirements, the provision of a variety of information, and the communications between customers are closely related to buying intentions. There are a few research limitations to conduct this empirical research. It was not easy to review prior papers, due to its lack. In spite of the increasing number of SNS shoppers in Korea, little research attention has been paid to this kind of research topic by academicians, because buying products or services through SNS is in its infancy. With regard to research populations, it would be difficult to generalise the research findings in Korea, owing to unbalanced respondent distribution. Considering the above research limitations as well as the growth of social shopping, many authors should pay considerable attention to SNS-related issues in the future, and develop the more sophisticated criteria to measure the characteristics of SNS shoppers.

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주택유통산업에서의 주택가격과 기대주택가격간의 관계분석 (Relationship Between Housing Prices and Expected Housing Prices in the Real Estate Industry)

  • 최차순
    • 유통과학연구
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    • 제13권11호
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    • pp.39-46
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    • 2015
  • Purpose - In Korea, there has been a recent trend that shows housing prices have risen rapidly following the International Monetary Fund crisis. The rapid rise in housing prices is spreading recognition of this as a factor in housing price volatility. In addition, this raises the expectations of housing prices in the future. These expectations are based on the assumption that a relationship exists between the current housing prices and expected housing prices in the real estate industry. By performing an empirical analysis on the validity of the claim that an increase in current housing prices can be correlated with expected housing prices, this study examines whether a long-term equilibrium relationship exists between expected housing prices and existing housing prices. If such a relationship exists, the recovery of equilibrium from disequilibrium is analyzed to derive related implications. Research design, data, and methodology - The relationship between current housing prices and expected housing prices was analyzed empirically using the Vector Error Correction Model. This model was applied to the co-integration test, the long-term equilibrium equation among variables, and the causality test. The housing prices used in the analysis were based on the National Housing Price Trend Survey released by Kookmin Bank. Additionally, the Index of Industrial Product and the Consumer Price Index were also used and were obtained from the Bank of Korea ECOS. The monthly data analyzed were from January 1987 to May 2015. Results - First, a long-term equilibrium relationship was established as one co-integration between current housing price distribution and expected housing prices. Second, the sign of the long-term equilibrium relationship variable was consistent with the theoretical sign, with the elasticity of housing price distribution to expected housing price, the industrial production, and the consumer price volatility revealed as 1.600, 0.104,and 0.092, respectively. This implies that the long-term effect of expected housing price volatility on housing price distribution is more significant than that of the industrial production and consumer price volatility. Third, the sign of the coefficient of the error correction term coincided with the theoretical sign. The absolute value of the coefficient of the correction term in the industrial production equation was 0.006, significantly larger than the coefficients for the expected housing price and the consumer price equation. In case of divergence from the long-term equilibrium relationship, the state of equilibrium will be restored through changes in the interest rate. Fourth, housing-price volatility was found to be causal to expected housing price, and was shown to be bi-directionally causal to industrial production. Conclusions - Based on the finding of this study, it is required to relieve the association between current housing price distribution and expected housing price by using property taxes and the loan-to-value policy to stabilize the housing market. Further, the relationship between housing price distribution and expected housing price can be examined and tested using a sophisticated methodology and policy variables.

정부의 전통시장 지원 정책 효과에 대한 실증연구 (The Policy Effects on Traditional Retail Markets Supported by the Korean Government)

  • 이규현;김용재
    • 유통과학연구
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    • 제13권11호
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    • pp.101-109
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    • 2015
  • Purpose - A traditional retail market is a place that offers economic opportunity to employees and employers alike it also is a place where the community can meet. The Korean government has invested three trillion won to improve physical and non-physical aspects in traditional retail markets since 2004. However, little research on this has been conducted. We explore this research gap that could lead to theory extension. We analyze consumption behavior with respect to traditional retail markets through an empirical analysis, thus overcoming limits in previous research. We empirically analyze policy effects of traditional retail market projects supported by the Korean government. Research design, data, and methodology - We propose a traditional retail market improvement plan via the relation between cause and effect resulting from the analysis. More specifically, logit analysis was carried out with 1,754 consumers in 16 cities nationwide. In order to analyze consumer consumption behaviors nationwide, the probability was analyzed using a logit model. This research analyzes the link between support and non-support by the Korean government using binary values. The dependent variable is whether Korean government support is implemented; the binomial logistic regression is used as the statistical estimation technique. The object variables are:1 (support) or 0 (nonsupport), and the prediction value is between 1 and 0. As a result of the factor analysis of questions related to attributes of service quality, four factors were extracted: convenience, product, facilities, and service. Results - The results indicate that convenience, product, and facilities have a significant influence on consumer satisfaction in accordance with the government's traditional retail market support. Additionally, the results reveal that convenience, product, facilities, and service all have a significant influence on consumer satisfaction in a traditional retail market's service quality and consumer satisfaction. Finally, the analysis indicates that the highly satisfied traditional retail market customer has a significant influence on revisit intention. Moreover, the results reveal that the highly satisfied traditional retail market customer has a significant influence on recommendation intention. Conclusions - This research focused on consumers nationwide to measure policy effects of traditional retail markets compared to previous research that focused on one traditional retail market or a specific area. We verified the relationship of service quality and customer satisfaction and consumer behavior based on service quality theory. The results indicate that consumer satisfaction of traditional retail markets supported by service quality factors has a significant impact. In a concrete form, the results indicate that these effects are from facility modernization projects and marketing support projects of the Korean government. The results also imply that these facility and management support effects from the Korean government have been consistent. We realize that the Korean government has to selectively support traditional retail markets in major cities and small and medium-sized cities. To that end, the Korean government needs to select a concentration strategy for the revitalization of traditional retail markets.

친환경농산물 선택기준이 구매의도에 미치는 영향 : 소비자 태도와 신뢰의 매개, 조절효과를 중심으로 (Effects of Selection Criteria for Eco-Friendly Agricultural Products on Purchase Intention)

  • 김미송;김동환;이기황;윤명길
    • 유통과학연구
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    • 제11권12호
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    • pp.71-81
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    • 2013
  • Purpose - This study investigated the effects of consumers' selection criteria for environment-friendly agricultural products on purchase intention and the effects of consumers' attitudes and the reliability of environment-friendly agricultural products on purchase intention by using the theory of planned behavior. Subjective norms of variables of behavioral intention, attitudes toward behavior and control of the behavior were used to create selection criteria, consumers' attitudes and reliability of environment-friendly agricultural products. The study investigated the effects of consumers' selection criteria, attitudes, and reliability of environment-friendly agricultural products on purchase intention constructing models and hypotheses of mediation and moderation between selection criteria for agricultural products and purchase intention by consumers' attitudes and reliability. Research design, data, and methodology - The findings were as follows: first, consumers' selection criteria for environment-friendly agricultural products had a significantly affirmative influence upon purchase intention. Health was the most important factor of selection criteria convenience was more important than quality and familiarity was next. Consumers' attitudes and trust had a significant influence on purchase intention. Second, testing showed that consumers' attitude and trust partially mediated selection criteria: sub-factors and purchase intention were important in selection criteria. Third, testing showed that consumers' attitude and trust had a significant moderation effect between selection criteria and purchase intention. In the test of the moderation effect between sub-factors of selection criteria and purchase intention, consumers' attitude had a significantly positive influence upon health, convenience, and familiarity, and had no significant influence upon quality and purchase intention. Consumers' trust had no significant influence upon health, convenience, and quality. Results - The study provided several theoretical implications: first, an empirical analysis was undertaken with selection criteria for environmental-friendly agricultural products, consumers' attitude, and trust to investigate subjective norms, attitude toward behavior and control of behavior based on the theory of planned behavior. Second, this study investigated both the mediation effect and moderation effect of consumers' subjective norms on attitudes toward behavior, the mediating effects of perceived behavior control and changes of behavioral intention depending upon size and direction of the variables. This study also provided several practical implications. Conclusions - First, consumption of environment-friendly agricultural products did not increase despite rapid increase of production therefore, promotion of consumption and distribution was needed considering the supply and demand of the products. Second, definite standards for selection criteria were suggested to build up consumers' attitude and trust. Consumers' attitude could be improved by factors including the brand of environment-friendly agricultural products, consistent quality, solving physiological problems caused by adverse effects of environmental problems, supplementary approaches, treatment of adverse effects by eating food, and the development and supply of products in accordance with changes of lifestyle. Finally, consumers' demand for sub-factors of selection criteria could be much higher than health, convenience, and quality of the products. Therefore, a process was needed that could continuously check consumers' needs for the products. Limitations were described at the end of the study.

후발 경제자유구역의 성공을 위한 물류유통 부문 활성화에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Revitalization of Distribution and Logistics in the Least Developed Free Economic Zones (FEZ))

  • 전재완;김기수
    • 유통과학연구
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    • 제11권2호
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    • pp.57-70
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    • 2013
  • Purpose - The objective of this paper is to explain the successful methods for the revitalization of distribution and logistics of the least developed FEZs (Saemangum, Yellow-sea, and Deagu-Kyengbuk) in Korea. With the recent changes in the economic terrain of Northeast Asia as with the rise of China, Korea has developed a logistics hub concept for improving the efficiency of logistics and distribution industry and its distribution and logistics policy has received positive worldwide evaluation. Therefore, we face severe competition and must always look for ways to address these problems. Research design, Data, Methodology - This study adopts two methods to propose successful revitalization of distribution and logistics in the least developed FEZ. The first method investigates the limitation of these FEZs by analyzing the statutes, and the second one follows comparable cases. Thus, we first reviewed the efficient strategic political alternatives for the least developed FEZ, Yellow-sea, Seamangum-Gunsan, and Deagu-Kyeongbuk, through the relative institution system, law, and future plans. Next, we studied the Bin-hai Economic Free Section (Zone) in China as a comparable example. In order to analyze the competitiveness of logistics in the three FEZs (Yellow-sea, Seamangum-Gunsan, and Deagu-Kyeongbuk), the total factor productivity growth of regional manufacturing industries is divided into three sources: the external trade effect, scale effect, and technical change effect. However, this paper does not test for a positive contribution of external trade, which is a reason of non-building on these FEZs. A FEZ that shows a larger external trade effect than the others will have a comparative advantage in the logistics infrastructure and policy support. This study presented the newly applied Bin-hai FEZ in China, in order to make the studied FEZ as successful by applying the strategy of its distribution and logistics center. Results - In Korea, there is an increased focus on the benefit of the regional development of regions such as the Free Economic Zones (FEZ). We have six FEZs, Inchon, Busan-Jinhae, Guangyang, Yellow-sea, Seamangum-Gunsan, and Deagu-Kyeongbuk. However, our FEZs do not have various supporting factors needed for the logistics and distribution industry. Korea designated the above six places as FEZ and has operated to enhance national competitiveness and ensure a balanced regional development since 2003. However, most FEZs did not receive favorable feedback in the first business performance evaluation and it is necessary to take action for substantial improvements. Conclusions - Especially, over the past 10 years, even though the FEZ policy has been implemented in an effort to promote success in distribution and logistics, there are still many underdeveloped industries in logistics. The main problem is the absence of revitalization of the high value added performance in the distribution and logistics industry. However, there is a limitation to this study. We have used non-empirical method based on a case study to arrive at our findings. Future studies should use appropriate statistical methods to supplement our results and provide a solution to this problem.

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