• 한국가스학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.40-45
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• 2019

인화점은 가연성 액체 혼합물의 화재와 폭발의 위험성을 특징짓는 중요한 인화성 지표이다. 본 연구에서는 Seta flash 장치에 의해 water+formic acid 계와 water+acrylic acid 계의 인화점을 측정하였다. 측정한 인화점을 라울의 법칙과 경험식을 이용한 인화점 예측값과 비교하였다. 라울의 법칙을 이용한 예측 결과의 절대평균오차는 water+formic acid 계의 경우 $10.7^{\circ}C$ 였고, water+acrylic acid 계의 경우 $4.8^{\circ}C$ 이었다. 경험식을 이용한 예측 결과의 절대평균오차는 water+formic acid 계의 경우 $1.0^{\circ}C$ 였고, water+acrylic acid 계의 경우 $0.5^{\circ}C$ 이었다. 결과적으로 라울의 법칙에 의한 예측값에 비해 경험식에 의한 예측값이 측정값을 보다 잘 모사하였다.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.1022-1027
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• 2001

In this study, the train-induced vibration was measured at many locations at/around the actual service lines and the data base was constructed using the measurement results. The characteristics of train induced ground vibration was categorized and the empirical ground vibration estimating equations were developed. On the ground area (level grounds, embankments, cut sections), the vibration estimating equations were developed in terms of ground vibration level which was related with the distance from the source. Especially for the cut section areas, the vibration levels were expressed with the vibration receiving point expressed by the ratio of vertical distance to horizontal distance(V/H) from the source. As a result, when V/H is 0.96, the vibration estimating equation gives a minimum vibration level.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.129-141
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• 2013

When the formative construct is placed in the endogenous position, there are clear theoretical, mathematical, and empirical issues in model estimation. Nonetheless, scholars who have adopted structural equation modeling for empirical research and those who are engaged in debates on the viability of formative modeling fail to recognize the fundamental problems of employing formative measurement in the endogenous position. This manuscript is intended to set a corrective path by discussing three reasons why this frequented practice may be avoided in both theoretical and empirical research.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.31-36
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• 2016

인화점은 액체 용액의 가장 중요한 인화성 지표 중 하나이다. 인화점은, 가연성 증기의 공기 속 농도가 점화가 발생하기에 충분할 때의 온도 중 가장 낮은 온도이다. 본 연구에서는 삼성분계 액체 용액인, n-nonane+n-decane+n-dodecane acid 계의 인화점을 Seta flash 밀폐식 장치를 사용하여 측정하였다. 실험값은 라울의 법칙을 활용한 방법과 실험식에 의한 계산값과 비교되었다. 그 결과 실험식에 의한 계산값이 라울의 법칙에 의한 계산값 보다 측정값을 잘 모사하였다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.15-20
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• 2008

지하수토양환경학회지 제12권 3호(2007. 6.)에 게재된 단공시험 관련 논문에서 제시한 유효우물반경 산정을 위한 3개의 경험공식을 단일화 하는 방법에 대하여 검토하였다. 검토의 착안사항은 경험공식들의 누승상수가 허용오차범위내의 비슷한 값을 가지고 있으며, 또한 양수정 및 관측정 저류계수 비의 제곱근 (${\sqrt{{S_p}/{S_o}}}$) 값이 유효우물반경과 우물 반경의 비(${r_e}/{r_w}$)와 거의 일치되게 나타나는 것이다. 이를 기초로 하여 3개의 경험공식을 단일화하고 대수층 조건별 저류계수 대표 값을 추정 적용하여 비례상수 값으로 대체하는 유효우물반경 산정 일반화 공식을 유도 하였다.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.201-216
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• 2014

Many building codes use the empirical equation to determine fundamental period of vibration where in effect of length, width and the stiffness of the building is not explicitly accounted for. Also the equation, estimates the fundamental period of vibration with large safety margin beyond certain height of the building. An attempt is made to arrive at the simple empirical equations for fundamental period of vibration with adequate safety margin, using soft computing technique of Genetic Programming (GP). In the present study, GP models are developed in four categories, varying the number of input parameters in each category. Input parameters are chosen to represent mass, stiffness and geometry of the buildings directly or indirectly. Total numbers of 206 buildings are analyzed out of which, data set of 142 buildings is used to develop these models. It is observed that GP models developed under B and C category yield the same equation for fundamental period of vibration along X direction as well as along Y direction whereas the equation of fundamental period of vibration along X direction and along Y direction is of the same form for category D. The equations obtained as an output of GP models clearly indicate the influence of mass, geometry and stiffness of the building over fundamental period of vibration. These equations are then compared with the equation recommended by other researcher.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.471-485
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• 2014

Until now, the finite corner stiffness of the right-angle frames used as horizontal girders in a bonnet, have not been considered during the design process to result in not a precise result. This paper presents a design equation set for right-angle frames used as horizontal girders in a bonnet assuming rigid corner stiffness. By comparing the center stresses of the right-angle frame according to the design equation set with the results of the finite element method, the master curves for the empirical corner stiffness can be determined as a function of slenderness ratio. A second design equation set for a right-angle frame assuming finite corner stiffness was derived and compared with the first equation set. The master curves for the corner stiffness and the second design equation set can be used to determine the design moments at the centers of the girder so that the bending stresses can be analyzed more precisely.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제29권9호
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• pp.1270-1275
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• 2005

Rolling process to fabricate a strip with even thickness is significant to enhance the quality of the strip. The thickness of a strip can be effectively controlled by pair-cross mills. However, pair-cross mill generates thrust in the axial direction of roller and causes skewness, deflection, twist and even accidental roll chock failure. Therefore, accurate estimation of the thrust of the pair-cross mill during rolling process is necessary to monitor the failure of roll and the quality of products. An empirical equation given by Mitsubishi Heavy Industry (MHI) is hitherto employed, where the thrust is expressed in terms of rolling force, reduction ratio and crossed angle. However it turns out that the MHI empirical equation provides somehow inaccurate and unsuitable thrust in practical rolling processes. Moreover, we learn that three parameters involved in MHI equation are coupled each other. In this paper, axiomatic design principle is employed to select appropriate parameters involved in approximate equation in order to make parameters uncoupled. A quadratic equation using response surface method with new parameters is suggested. The accuracy of the approximate model is examined by comparing with real experimental data.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제62권4호
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• pp.45-51
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• 2020

The poisson's ratio was obtained from the effective vertical stress and horizontal stress of consolidation-undrained test. It was analyzed void ratio verse poisson's ratio. At the result, the effective friction angle was increase with relative density increased, was decreased the poisson's ratio. The empirical equation of void ratio and poisson's ratio was showed very high correlation r²=0.846. The empirical equation was showed that the smaller the void ratio in the fine grained soil than granular soil. In the case of 0.85 times the correlation analysis equation of granular and fine grained soil, the experimental results were shown very similarly. In especially, the poisson's ratio prediction results was shown within 5% of the error range, was revalidation 0.85 times the correlation analysis equation using the void ratio. In this study, correlation analysis equation of the granular and fine grained soil was more reliability of the poisson's ratio prediction results apply to the void ratio than dry unit weight.

• 한국해안해양공학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.107-115
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• 1999

정수 또는 유수중 투하 석재의 이동거리를 산정하기 위한 간편한 방법을 도출하기 위하여 간단하면서도 어느 정도 정밀성을 갖고 있는 항력계수 산정식을 도입하였다. 도입된 항력계수 산정식은 매끈한 구형체인 경우 정밀식의 해와 거의 유사한 산정치를 제공하고 있음을 확인하였으며, 투하 석재의 형상이나 조면의 상태에 따라 경험계수의 조정으로 산정치를 제공하고 있음을 확인하였으며, 투하 석재의 형상이나 조면의 상태에 따라 경험계수의 조정으로 흐름상태를 반영할 수 있었다. 정수중의 침강속도 또는 낙하거리를 산정하기 위한 이론식을 유도하였으며, 항력계수의 조정으로 관측결과와 일치하는 산정결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 유수중의 이동거리 산정을 위하여 2차 상미분방정식을 유도하였고, 이의 해를 Runge-Kutta법으로 구하는 수치모형을 개발하였다. 또한 여러 가지 조건에 대한 산정치를 구하여 비교하였다.