• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.159-175
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that could overcome the crisis and adversity of the nursing care provider through understanding the effect of job adaptation on the turnover intention of the nursing care provider and to contribute to the various problems of the nursing care provider in the long term. In order to confirm this as an empirical research task, risk factors and protection factors, general characteristics of the survey subjects, job adaptation and turnover intention were selected, and the risk factors and protective factors of caregivers' As a mediator. So Seoul. The results of the questionnaire survey were as follows: 291 caregivers in the elderly medical welfare facilities in Gyeonggi area. First, as the relationship between the risk factors and protective factors of occupational caregivers and occupational adaptation were more severe, the higher the maladjustment of the workplace culture, the more the job satisfaction and organizational commitment were adversely affected. The emotional support, The higher the information support, the more satisfied and satisfied the job. Second, the relationship between the risk factors of the caregiver and the protective factors and the turnover intention, the higher the conflict of caregivers, the more unstable the workplace, the more difficult it is to adapt to work culture, Respectively. Finally, as a result of verifying the mediating effect of occupational adaptation on the relationship between risk factors and protective factors and turnover intention of caregivers, job satisfaction, which is a sub-factor of job adaptation, It is shown that they play mediating roles only in the relationship between stress and turnover intention, and do not play a mediating role in the relationship between protective factor self - efficacy and social support and turnover intention. In other words, if caregivers feel satisfaction about their job, they can be less stressed on their jobs, improve their self-efficacy, and have a positive attitude toward social support. Also, it was found that the more the caregiver 's immersion into the organization, the less job stress and turnover intention decreased, but the self - efficacy and social support perception were not influenced. Based on this, the director of the facility should strive to stabilize the operation of the facility and provide high-quality services by seeking ways to improve conflict resolution and adaptation to the workplace culture so that nursing care workers can adapt to their work. And it is required to develop active management strategies and institutional support for improving job satisfaction and organizational commitment of caregivers.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.70-81
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• 2006

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences of the cognitive performance, emotional and behavioral problems among the attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) groups that show the difference between visual and auditory attention. Method : Using 'ADHD Diagnostic System(ADS)', visual attention and auditory attention of 98 children diagnosed as ADHD were measured. According to the omission and commission error of ADS, they were divided into three groups ; 1) the group whose each visual omission and commission error scores were higher than each auditory omission and commission error scores(VV group), 2) the group whose each auditory omission and commission error scores were higher than each visual omission and commission error scores(AA group), 3) the group that was the rest of VV and AA group(M group). And the results of both the subscales of Korean Educational Development Institute-Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children(KEDI-WISC) and the subscales of Korean Child Behavior Checklist(K-CBCL) among three groups were compared. Finally, the correlation between the visual omission, visual commission, auditory omission, auditory commission error and the results of KEDI-WISC, K-CBCL were investigated. Results : The results were as follows ; 1) In 98 ADHD children, the number of VV group(N=56) was higher than that of AA (N=10) and M group (N=32). 2) All mean scores of the subscales of KEDI-WISC of VV group were higher than those of M and AA group. The score of verbal IQ(p=.039) of VV group was significantly higher than that of AA group and the scores of block design(p=.015), Kaufman's factor 2(p=.045), performance IQ(p=.004) were significantly higher than those of M group. The score of full IQ(p=.004) were significantly higher than that of M and AA group. 3) The mean scores of all K-CBCL subscales of VV group were higher than those of M and AA group, except the score of Somatic complaint subscale. The score of Social subscale(p=.041) of VV group was significantly higher than that of AA group. The score of Withdrawn subscale(p=.021) of AA group was significantly higher than that of VV group. 4) There were no significant correlation between the scores of visual omission/commission error and those of each subscale of KEDI-WISC. But, there were many significant correlations between the scores of auditory omission/commission error and those of each subscale of KEDI-WISC. 5) There were significant correlation between the score of the visual omission error and that of Thought problem subscale(r=.205, p=.043) of K-CBCL. There were significant correlation between the scores of the auditory omission error and those of Social subscale(r=-.319, p=.001), Social problems subscale(r=.206, p=.042), Thought problem subscale(r=.235, p=.021). Finally, there were significant correlation between the scores of auditory commission error and those of Social subscale(r=-.241, p=.017), Thought problem subscale(r=.235, p=.020). Conclusion : The ADHD children whose auditory attention ability were higher than visual attention ability had relatively better cognitive performance and less emotional/behavioral problems than the others. The more comprehensive experiment will be needed about the cognitive performance, emotion and behavior problems of the ADHD children showing the difference between visual and auditory attention.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.203-212
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• 1999

Objectives : "Alexithymia" mean literally "no word for mood(or emotion)". It is not only a marked constriction in emotional functioning but a deficit in their cognitive processing. We designed this study to investigate the level of alexithymia, psychopathology and personality factors of patients with somatoform disorder and with diabetes mellitus. Methods : The subjects were consisted of patients with somatoform disorder(N=20), patients with diabetes mellitus(N=20), and normal control(N=20). The level of alexithymia, psychopathology and personality factors were assessed by the Toronto Alexithymia Scale(TAS), the Symptom Checklist 90-Revision(SCL 90-R), and the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire(16-PF). And we compared demographic characteristics, psychopathology and personality factors among three groups, and assessed the relationship between alexithymia and psychopathology, and between alexithymia and personality factors. Results : The results were as follows. 1) Patients with somatoform disorder showed significantly higher TAS scores compared to patients with diabetes mellitus and the normal control group. 2) Patients With somatoform disorder showed significantly higher scores of somatization, anxiety scales than patients with diabetes mellitus and the normal control group, and showed significantly higher scores of obsessive-compulsive, depression, phobic anxiety, psychoticism scales than the normal control group by the SCL-90-R. 3) The normal control group showed high intelligence scores only as compared to patients with somatoform disorder by the 16-PF. 4) A significant relationship was found between TAS scores and psychopathology in patients with somatoform disorder. 5) All three groups did not shown any correlation between TAS and 16-PF. Conclusion : Patients with somatoform disorder showed higher TAS scores and more multiple psychopathology than patients with diabetes mellitus and the normal controls. A significant relationship was found between TAS scores and psychopathology in patients with somatoform disorder. We suggest that the therapeutic approach to patients with somatoform disorder to express emotions and manage psychopathology, and that the treatment methods of patients with diabetes mellitus aims to improve firstly physical conditions are more helpful.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.439-452
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• 2000

This study sought to figure out women's needs during early postpartum for developing adequate nursing intervention toward postpartal women's healthy adaptation. A convenience sample of 89 women who are in the early postpartal period and admitted in a university hospital located in Seoul, Korea was studied from July 1, 1999 to August 13. 1999. 1. The age group of 26-30 years was 52.8% and the level of education above high school 91%. 67.6% of women had no job, 62.9% had experienced one time of delivery, and 52.8% had no experience of abortion. 2. 31.5% of women received prenatal education, 44.9% only postpartal education. 77.5% of women planned breast-feeding, and 53.9% of women had an experience of breast-feeding during hospital stay. For the feeling of confidence related to the self-care, 27% only expressed 'yes. I have' and 59.5% 'just a little bit'. For the feeling of confidence related to the baby rearing, 29.2% only expressed 'yes. I have' and 60.7% 'just a little bit'. 3. The rate of postpartal women's mother as a preferred non-professional care giver was the highest, 75.3%. The rate of the style of Sanhujori highly preferred and planned at this time was at postpartal women's maiden home or her home with mother, 58.4%, 47.7% respectively. It shows that women still wish to have traditional Sanhuiori at home. 4. The mean of nursing need of postpartal women was 4.25% and it means that universally the degree of nursing need during postpartum is still high. General nursing need (4.29) was higher than that of traditional Sanhujori (4.09), however, the need of Sanhujori is still high. 5. Specifically, the degree of nursing need according to the category of needs was 'educational need for baby rearing,' 4.43; 'emotional-psychological care', 4.41; 'environmental care,' 4.31; 'self-care,' 4.14; and 'physical care,' 3.85 in rank. The educational need core of the specific method about Sanhuiori (4.35) was second to the highest among 15 items of self-care. 6. The related factors to the degree of nursing need were age to physical care; educational level, plan of breast feeding and experience of breast feeding during hospital stay to emotional-psychological care; and the feeling of confidence in baby rearing to environmental care. 7. There was highly positive correlation between the degree of traditional Sanhujori need and general care need(r=.77). This result strongly reflects that there is a necessity of professional care givers' capability to consider the integrative care reflecting the socio-cultural need for women's healthy adaptation during postpartum. It provides a challenge to the professional care givers to research further on the effects of Sanhuiori on the health status, health recovery after abortion or delivery from the various aspects through the cross-sectional and longitudinal research for the refinement of the reality of Sanhuiori not only as cultural phenomenon but as an inseparable factor influencing on women's postpartal healthy adaptation and for the appropriateness of intervention and quality of care for desirable health outcome.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.287-300
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• 2010

Objectives: We identified factors associated with any participation and with "good participation" (as assessed by frequency of attendance) in health promotion programs at a public health center in Korea. Methods: The subjects included 199 women who attended a baseline examination of health promotion programs during the first half of 2009. We collected data by structured interviews and physical examinations. Participation status was quantified by the frequency of attendance to the program. We classified the subjects as non-participants (0) and participants (1+ times), and as poor participants (0-29 times) and good participants (30+ times). Results: Of the 199 subjects, there were 57 (28.6%) non-participants, while 56 (28.1%) were classified as good participants. The factors that significantly affected participation status, as identified by univariate analysis, were personal factors (age, educational level, marital status, religion, living with someone, monthly income), environmental factors (method of access, accessibility of other facilities), body mass index, hypertension, perceived barriers to health, emotional salience, affectionate domain of social support, and depression. Multiple logistic regression analyses indicated that method of access was the most significant factor affecting participation in the health promotion program, and that the factors most highly associated with good participation were emotional salience, hypertension and body mass index. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that specific factors determine and enhance participation in health promotion programs offered by public health centers. These factors should be considered during the design and evaluation of health promotion programs that are offered by public health centers.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.122-136
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• 2000

Chronic illness requiring attention and management during a long period of time puts great burden onto patients, their family and society. For patients with chronic illnesses, providing social support is the most important, and the fundamental support comes from their spouses. Amount and quality of support from spouses seems to differentiated according to the sex of patients. Female patients tend to believe that their spouses are not very supportive. Therefore, the researchers assessed the burden of husbands of female arthritis patients to discover the factors that result in greater burden. Also, they developed a theoretical model of husbands′ care for their wives through a qualitative research into husbands′ experience. Method 1: The study material was 650 female arthritis patients registered in an arthritis clinic. The questionnaire about the disease experience of female arthritis patients and the burden of husbands were sent. Returned questionnaires numbered 210(32.3%) and 27 were excluded because of inadequate answers. The remaining 183 questionnaires were analyzed. The mean age of the patients was 51 years and the mean age of spouses was 55 years. The mean marital period was 28 years. The average duration since diagnosis was 9.1 years. Education level was varied from primary school to graduate school, and average income/month was 1,517,300 won. Method 2: Initial questionnaire studies on the burden of husbands were performed. Among 183 responding husbands, 23 consented to participate for a qualitative research. Data was obtained by direct and telephone interviews. The mean age of participants was 58 years, and the educational level and socioeconomic status also varied. Result: 1. Husbands′ burden: The average burden was 57.68 with a range of 6-96. 2. Burden and general characteristics: The husband′s burden correlated with the age of the patients, numbers in the family, therapy methods, patient′s level of discomfort, patient′s disease severity, patient′s level of dependence and the husband′s understanding of the level of severity. 3. Linear correlation analysis on burden: The husbands′ burden is explained in 22.5% by husband′s recognition of level of severity and husbands′ age. 4. There were four patterns of the burden on husbands: both objectve burden and subjective burden were high(pattern I), both of objectve burden and subjective burden were low(pattern II), objective burden was high but subjective burden was low(pattern III), objective burden was low but subjective burden was high(pattern IV). The pattern was correlated with the family income, educational level of the patients and their husbands, therapy methods, patient′s level of discomfort, patient′s disease severity, patient′s level of dependence and husband′s understanding of level of severity. 5. The core category of the caring experience of the husbands with arthritis patients was "companionship". The causal factor was the patients′ experience due to symptoms : physical disfigurement, pain, immobility, limitation of house chores, and limitation of social activities. Contextural factors are husbands′ identification of housework and husbands′ concern about the disease. The mediating factors are economic problems, fear of aging, feeling of limitation and family support. The strategy for interaction is mind control and how to solve emotional stress. The "companionship" resulted from caring activities, participation of household activities, helping patients′ to coping with emotional experience. 6. Companionship is established through the process of entering intervention, and caring state of mind. Entering intervention is the phase of participation of therapy and involvement of houseworks. The caring phase consists of decision on therapy, providing therapy, providing direct care, and taking over the household role of wife. Through caring phase, the changing phase set a stage in which husbands consolidate the relationship with their wives, and are reminded of the meaning of marriage. As a result, in changing phase, husbands′ companionship is enhanced. In conclusion, nursing care of chronic illnesses should include a family member especially the spouse. All information on disease shoud be provided to patients and whole family member. Strong support should also be provided to overcome difficulties in taking over role of other sex. Then the quality of life of patients and families will be much improved.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.83-110
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to investigate the status of the problematic behavior for the demented elderly and the stress among family members, and the effects of the problematic behavior upon the stress in order to offer the basic data for the adult and the elderly health education about dementia. For this purpose, 70 families who were resident in Seoul and Inchon were surveyed by quetionnaires. This was carried out from 26 July, 1994 to 11 September, 1994. Datum was analysed by using SPSS\PC+ including percentage, mean, t - test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation. So, the results of this study were as follows: 1. In view of socia-demographic characteristics, female were 82.9%, and of the female daughters-in-law of the demented elderly were 44.9%. 40th years old were 32.9% and 88.6% wase married. The christian were 34.8%, those who graduated university 47.1%, and those who had a job 32.9%. 2. Of the demented elderly, female were 74.3%, 80 years old were 37.1%, and their average age was seventy-seven point one years old. 66.2% of the elderly has been lived alone and the christian were 27.5%. In addition, those who graduated elementary school were 66.5%. 3. Of the behavior problem for the demented elderly, Activities of the Daily Living(ADL) was the most severe problem. The 2nd was cognitive function problem, the 3th, change of personality, the 4th, emotional disturbance, and the last, misconduct behavior. 4. For the status of behavior problems, females were more severe than male, and 80th years elderly ware the most severe groups. The longer disease period was, the severe problematic behaviors were, and in 4-6 years of the disease period the status was the highest(p＜0.05). Those who diagnosed the disease had more severe problems(p＜0.001). 5. The orders of the stress among family members caring for the demented elderly in this study were as follows : 1. The deficiency of supporting network 2. Decrease of elderly's cognitive activities 3. Assistance of BADL(Basic Activities of Daily Living) 6. Elderly's abnormal behavior 5. Assistance of IADL(Instrumental Activities of Daily Living), 6. As for the status of the stress among family members, female respondants were higher than male. On the ages, 20th years' stress score were the highest. Daughters-in-law were stressed more than other family members. The longer the time of caring per day was, the highest the status of the stress(p＜0.05), 7. Those who caring for female elderly and more than 80 years had more stressed. When the elderly was received the diagnosis, the family members were more stressed. On the disease period, 1-2 years was the highest and after 2 years the status of the stress was decreased and more than 6 years was the lowest(p＜0.05). 8. Behavior problems of the demented elderly were closely associated to the stress for family members. Of the problems, change of personality was the most related factor(r = 0.6552). The factors of Basic Activities of the Daily Living(BADL) was most correlated on assistance of Basic Activities of Daily Living (BADL), emotional disturbance the assistance of IADL(Instrumental Activities of Daily Living). Change of personality was most related to the stress of the decrease of cognitive activities and elderly's abnormal behavior. The deficiency of supporting network was most related to misconduct behavior.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.550-560
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship of nutritional knowledge, dietary self-efficacy and dietary behavior of nutritionist. Total 190 dieticians of middle and high schools in Daejeon metropolitan city(44.2%) and Chungnam area(55.8%) were surveyed by questionnaires. The change of dietary intakes was used as an index of dietary behavioral change, and dietary self-efficacy are categorized into 4 sub groups of general dietary habit, choice of food, environmental stimulus and emotional conditions. Overall nutritionl knowledge of school dieticians was relatively high as 80.3 score, but specific and detail knowledge about food and nutrition yet have to be strengthened. Dietary self-efficacy of 'choice of food' was the highest with 85.4 and self-efficacy of 'environmental stimulus' was the lowest with 69.7 in the subjects. There was no influence between nutrition knowledge and dietary self-efficacy of school dieticians. According to the level of dietary self-efficacy, the intake of desirable food showed no significant difference, but the intake of undesirable foods decreased as dietary self-efficacy increased(p<0.001). In the analysis of correlation of change in intake of desirable and undesirable foods with nutrition knowledge and 4 different variables of dietary self-efficacy, a nutrition knowledge variable did not show any correlation with other variables. While, total dietary self-efficacy or each 4 sub items showed negative correlation with the intake of undesirable foods. And all 4 sub items of dietary self-efficacy could be the principal factors to constrain the intake of undesirable foods, but 2 items of dietary habits and emotional condition of 4 sub items are the factors to increase the intake of desirable food. Accordingly, it is suggested that dietary self-efficacy could be a powerful factor to induce the behavioral change of professional dieticians.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.1-14
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• 2005

This research was to study the behavior of listening music, music preference, meaning and role of music. The interviewees were 158 male/female students of high school in second level. This research had a interview which is composed with 7 multiple choice-questions and 1 short answer-question. In result, in the question of 'The average time of listening music', the most students(64, 41.8%) answered '1~2hours', the secondary, '2~3hours' which was 32.(20.9%) In the next question, 'The preference of music genre', 87students(56.8%) answered 'Korean pop and rock', 'American pop' was 11.1% each. Regarding 'The favorite mood of music', 50.3% of students answered 'Mellow songs, 24.8% of students answered 'Jaunty songs'. Regarding 'The social factor of listening music', more than half students(56.7%) agreed that friends or something like that may affect their music preference. Likewise, 51.6% agreed that their temper or character may affect their music preference. They answered that they enjoy the music usually when they take a rest(30.1%), when in moving(24.3%). Lastly, it said 'The meaning of music' is mostly 'Getting rid of stress and Refresh'(25.1%). And 'Calmness', 'Comfort' was 21.8%. The music especially to students means 'Emotional exit'. The music which can enable them to express their feelings is related with feeling and emotion deeply. And emotional factors like stress, depression, anxiety becomes the main reason of accepting the music meaningfully. In conclusion, This research says that they experience positive feelings and express emotions through music which enables them to understand fully their feelings and emotions.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.2713-2723
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• 2014

This study adopts an ecological perspective to empirically navigate the issues surrounding the impact of parental abuse on the emotional development of adolescents. The data is used from the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey 2011 (KCYPS 2011), which was conducted by the National Youth Policy Institute (n=2,270). Path models were constructed in which adolescents' environmental mediators (i.e., the relationship with parents, friends, and teachers; and school life) control their negative emotions (i.e., aggressiveness, negative physical symptoms, social weakness and depression); in turn to compare the difference between two groups based on parental abuse by using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). As with the non-abused group (n=1,644), all the environmental mediators remained significant to control their negative emotion; whereas, the abused group (n=626) showed no significant pathway from their relationship with teachers and school life to negative emotion. This indicates that the abused group have limited number of the mediators to control their negative emotion than those of the non-abused group. For the non-abused group, the mediator with the highest total effect to control their negative emotion was the relationship with their friends; on the other hand, the abused group's mediator that showed the highest total effect to control their negative emotion was the relationship with their parents. Although the relationship with teachers remained significant as a mediator to affect school life for the both groups, teachers were not significant to control the negative emotion of the abused group. These findings suggest that the negative relationship with teachers in the abused group is a factor to threat the school adaptation of adolescents, which also leads to problems that are related to the emotional development of adolescents.