• 산경연구논집
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• 제12권11호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2021

Purpose: Carbon emissions have now become a major concern around the world, especially for the government and private sector. Unfortunately, in Indonesia, disclosure related to company carbon emissions is still done voluntarily. This research aims to provide empirical evidence on the effect of environmental performance, carbon emission disclosure, and carbon emission intensity on the cost of equity capital. Research design, data, and methodology: This research uses secondary data with a sample consisting of Indonesia companies that are sensitive to the environment and listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2017-2019. The analytical tool used in this research was multiple regression models. Result: The study found a carbon emission disclosure had a significant positive effect on the cost of equity capital. Carbon emission intensity and company size had a significant negative effect on the cost of equity capital. Meanwhile, environmental performance did not have a significant effect on the cost of equity capital. Conclusion: Therefore, the results of this research are expected to provide feedback to the company's stakeholders that environmental performance and carbon emissions are some of the points seen by investors in making investment decisions.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제62권5호
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• pp.591-595
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• 2013

This paper presents a method of generation rescheduling using Newton's Approach which searches the solution of the Lagrangian function. The generation fuel cost and $CO_2$ emission cost functions are used as objective function to reallocate power generation while satisfying several equality and inequality constraints. The Pareto optimum in the fuel cost and emission objectives has a number of non-dominated solutions. The economic effects are analyzed under several different conditions, and $CO_2$ emission reductions offered by the use of storage are considered. The proposed approach can explore more efficient and noninferior solutions of a Multiobjective optimization problem. The method proposed is applied to a 4-machine 6-buses system to demonstrate its effectiveness.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 9th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.952-959
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• 2022

Active construction work zones will result in longer travel time and/or longer travel distances for road users because of reduced speed limits and/or detours. This results in increased fuel consumption and increased emissions of harmful gases such as Carbon Monoxide (CO), Nitrogen Oxides (NOx), and Sulfur Oxides (SOx), which causes discomfort to the environment and road users around the work zone. The impact of such emissions should be considered while designing work zones or determining the number of days the roadway will be allowed to be closed partially or fully. This study develops a methodology to compute additional road user costs associated with such work zones. To achieve this goal, a) an extensive literature review is conducted, b) a framework to compute emission cost is developed, c) emission rates are computed for all counties (95) of the state of Tennessee, and d) a case study is conducted to demonstrate the use of the framework to estimate the additional impact of emission because of the work zone. For the case study conducted, the emission cost was computed to be $10,653.60 for the duration of the project. State DOTs can account for such road user costs while selecting contractors using A+B bidding. Accounting for such impact of emission will also indicate the agency's willingness to consider sustainability as a part of the business practices.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제59권9호
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• pp.1507-1513
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• 2010

The $CO_2$ emission can be decreased due to freedom of generator maintenance scheduling(GMS). This paper proposes assessment of $CO_2$ emission considering generator maintenance scheduling(GMS) and evaluates effect of the GMS on $CO_2$ emission. And also, this paper assesses the $CO_2$ emission and the probabilistic production cost simulation of nuclear and thermal power generators considering operation of hydro and pumped generator. The minimum reliability criterion level satisfied production cost minimization function model is used in this paper. The practicality and effectiveness of the proposed approach are demonstrated by simulation studies for a real size power system in Korea in 2010.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제60권6호
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• pp.1091-1096
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• 2011

Currently, the concern about the environment is the issue all over the world, and in particular, carbon emissions of the power plants will not be able to disregard from the respect of generation cost. This paper proposes DR (demand response) as a method of reducing carbon emissions and therefore, carbon emissions cost. There are a number of studies considering DR, and in this paper, the effect of DR is focused on the side of carbon emission reduction effect considering Time-Of-Use (TOU) program, which is one of the most important economic methods in DSM. Demand-price elasticity matrix is used in this paper to model and analyze DR effect. Carbon emissions is calculated by using the carbon emission coefficient provided by IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change), and generator's input-output characteristic coefficients are also used to estimate carbon emission cost as well as the amount of carbon emissions. Case study is conducted on the RBTS IEEE with six buses. For the TOU program, it is assumed that parameters of time period partition consist of three time periods (peak, flat, off-peak time period).

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.547-567
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• 2001

This paper analyzed what kind of institutional scheme for domestic policy instruments to reduce GHG emissions are desirable for Korea in complying with the international efforts to mitigate climate change, by focusing on independent abatement(equivalent to the imposition of carbon tax) and domestic emission trading. It also examined the economic and environmental implications of recycling the government revenue created from implementation of those policies. By utilizing a dynamic CGE model, this study shows that the economic cost under independent abatement is projected to be higher than that under emission trading. It is because under independent abatement scheme each emitter in economy must meet its emission target regardless of the abatement cost. On the other hand, emission trading allows emitters to reduce the marginal cost of abatement through trading of emission permits. In designing future domestic policies and measure to address the climate change problem in Korea, therefore, this study proposes the introduction of domestic emission trading scheme as the main domestic policy instrument for GHG emission abatement. In terms of double dividend, in addition, this study shows that both independent abatement and emission trading schemes under various assumption on the revenue recycling may not generate the double dividend in Korea.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1995년도 하계학술대회 논문집 B
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• pp.574-577
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• 1995

The proposed method is described for scheduling their output of thermal power units so as to comply with total emission constraint, area emission constraint and the both of those constraints. Also, by using a trade-off curve, representing all dispatch alternatives and conflict between the emission and the fuel cost, the sensitivity analysis of the emission and the fuel cost is applied to this algorithm. By the way, this proposed method is analyzed how dispatch changes as a function of the total environmental cost, and as a function of the relative weighting of individual environmental insults, e.g, NOx and $SO_{2}$. By applying the proposed method to the system, the usefulness of this method is verified.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제59권11호
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• pp.1936-1941
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• 2010

This purpose of this paper is to propose a methodology for optimal generating operation in power system to minimize the cost of generation subject to not only system constraints but also regional $CO_2$ emission constraints. To solve this ELD problem calculated range limit on minimum and maximum power outputs by regional Equal Generator how each regional capacity is connected into one and expressed Equal Fuel Cost Function considering regional $CO_2$ emission constraints. Accordingly, being modified regional load, new power outputs considering regional $CO_2$ emission constraints were calculated by ELD. The proposed model for evaluating availability is tested on IEEE RTS(Reliability Test System)-24 in detail.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2010년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회 1부
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• pp.243-246
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• 2010

Recently, global warming problem is a major issue in international community. The carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) emissions in the construction industry is one of the main factors causing a global warming problem. Accordingly, various researches on $CO_2$ emissions caused by the construction industry is needed and construction methods which is low $CO_2$ emissions should be developed. In this study, $CO_2$emission cost is compared with roof waterproofing types in construction phase. As a result, the $CO_2$ emission costs of asphalt waterproofing is the highest. This research is to provide basic information for selecting appropriate construction methods in aspect of low $CO_2$ emission cost.

• 정보처리학회논문지D
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• 제18D권5호
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• pp.371-384
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• 2011

본 논문은 운송비용과 탄소배출비용을 고려한 최적 운송수단 선정에 대한 물류의사결정 시스템을 설계하고자 한다. 기존 연구는 운송비용과 운송모드별 용량을 고려하여 최적의 운송수단을 선정하였으나, 온실가스 배출규제에 대응하기 위해 운송비용과 용량 뿐만 아니라 탄소배출비용을 통합적으로 고려하여 물류체계를 설계할 필요성이 높아지고 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 탄소배출을 고려한 우리나라의 복합운송에 대한 운송수단 선택과 비용과 CO2배출의 Trade-off관계에 대한 접점을 찾아 분석하고 향후 나아갈 방안에 대해 제시하고자 한다. 탄소배출비용을 고려한 최적 운송수단 의사결정 문제는 혼합정수계획 모형으로 모델링되었으며, 운송비용과 탄소배출비용 사이의 관계를 분석하기 위하여 서울-부산 간 컨테이너 운송에 있어서의 다양한 시나리오를 도출하였다. 각각의 시나리오는 개발된 의사결정 시스템을 통하여 분석되었으며, 분석결과 단위 이동 거리당 탄소배출량이 낮은 것으로 알려져 있는 해상운송과 같은 대량운송 수단이 경우에 따라 더 많은 탄소를 배출하는 것으로 나타났다. 대량운송 수단의 경우 항만이나 철도역까지의 트럭운송에서의 우회가 증가된 탄소 배출의 주요 원인이었다. 제안된 물류의사결정 시스템은 녹색물류 및 그린SCM에서의 탄소배출비용과 물류비용사이의 관계를 이해하는데 역할을 할 것으로 기대된다.