• 유통과학연구
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• 제13권12호
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• pp.95-103
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• 2015

Purpose - The Visegrád Group cooperation of the past 14 years and that of V4 for the past 20 years has very important significance in the 21st century that must be maintained. This cooperation is valuable because of the trade routes that connect northern Poland to the Balkans in southern Croatia, which forman important basis for the resuscitation of Central European development. Currently, because of the European manufacturing base and industrial development, an energy supply and stable energy distribution networks have been introduced to secure cooperation and not competition within the Visegrád Group. This paper's research emphasizes the supply chain hub in neighboring countries. Although Central and Eastern European countries are small, they can provide a competitive response to Western Europe if they collaborate with the V4 group and other countries. Research design, data, and methodology - The subjects of this study in the Visegrád Group area are related to the development of Marketing and Distribution Sciences in the integrated European Union. In relation to the existing energy infrastructure, construction companies and financial institutions benefit from large-scale construction projects. Existing or new infrastructure facilities among the V4 must comply with the preconditions of regional energy markets. The network of emerging markets is changing into a European-logistics hub of new markets. This hub is closely associated with the economic development of European self-sustainment given that energy for distribution and consumption is imported from Russia. Therefore, this paper indirectly provides data on the regional distribution of energy as alternative bases in Europe for market expansion to Asia. Results - As a result, it appeared unlikely that V4 failed to implement homogeneity following the standards of Western Europe, as proposed by the EU. Throughout European history, individuals have gathered in Central Europe as an innovation hub. Currently, the region is being established independently for energy industrial development and not for tourism development, and is expected to play a central role in innovation and distribution consumption. Therefore, similar to Western and Northern Europe, V4 only appears to engage in distribution consumption on the basis of the identity that it formed for itself. This area is expected to either create a regional platform or a voice over a single economic policy. Conclusions - To this end, regarding the distribution of consumer groups within and outside the region, the V4 group is expected to be established for various policy areas and as a Eurasian outpost of trade and distribution logistics. In addition, given its purpose of engaging in the distribution of energy cooperation and trade clusters, the Visegrád Group will be in charge of the center axis of the bridge for distribution logistics trading partners from the Western Balkans to Caucasus and Eastern Europe. Thus, the Visegrád Group is entering this region as a platform for market share by enabling all or any investor can gain greater industrial benefits.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.135-147
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• 2009

최근 해외건설 시장은 진출국 투자 현지화 요구 등 기업의 장기적 투자를 필요로 하는 프로젝트가 증가하는 경향을 보이고 있어, 건설기업 입장에서 개별 프로젝트 중심의 한시적 의사결정보다는 중 장기적인 관점에서 투자를 고려해야하는 복합적인 진출의사결정 상황에 대한 판단을 요구하고 있다. 따라서 중 장기적 관점에서 해당 진출국 시장의 리스크를 분석하고 해당 진출국의 시장성 진출여부 등을 합리적으로 평가할 수 있는 체계가 기업 경쟁력의 핵심이 된다고 할 수 있다. 하지만 이러한 기업의 시장진출 의사결정과 관련하여 전통적으로 재무적 가치평가를 위해 활용되어 온 현금흐름할인법은 시장의 변동성이나 불확실성을 고려하는 데에 한계를 가지고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 실물옵션 분석에 기초하여, 해외 건설시장진출 안의 평가에 있어 시장의 불확실성을 반영할 수 있는 모델을 개발하고자 하였다. 제안된 시장진출 의사결정모델은 실물옵션 분석을 통해 진출 여부 국가 유형 등과 같은 주요 의사결정 항목들을 통합적으로 고려하여 진출 안을 평가할 수 있으며, 시나리오 분석을 통해 제안된 시장진출의사결정 모델의 분석과정을 제시함으로써 활용성을 검증하였다. 본 연구의 시장진출 의사결정모델의 활용을 통해 해외 건설시장 진출을 계획하는 건설기업의 합리적 의사결정을 지원할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.103-136
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• 2014

무위험 이자율 평형은 환율과 금리 간의 관계를 체계적으로 설명한 조건식으로서 개방거시분석 등에 널리 활용되고 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고 동 조건 성립 여부에 대한 검증은 국가별 거시경제 여건 등의 상이성 등으로 인해 뚜렷한 합의를 이루지 못하고 있다. 특히 글로벌 금융위기 전후 주요국의 정책대응은 국제금융시장에 큰 변화를 가져왔으며, 한국을 포함한 신흥국 시장에도 간접적으로 영향을 미쳤다. 이러한 관점에서 본고는 글로벌 금융위기 전후 우리나라 무위험 이자율 평형조건의 동태성을 국면전환모형으로 모델링하고 베이지안 MCMC 방식에 기반하여 추정한 다음, 추정 결과를 바탕으로 정책적 시사점을 제시하였다. 추정 결과, 세 개의 구조변화를 가정한 모형이 우리나라 이자율 평형조건의 동태성을 가장 잘 성명하는 것으로 나타났으며, 최근에는 평형조건의 불균형 정도가 크게 완화되고 변동성도 안정적인 상태에 진입한 것으로 분석되었다. 본고는 이러한 추정 결과를 얻은 주된 이유가 글로벌 유동성 증가에 따른 외국인 채권 차익거래와 단기 원화 및 외화 자금시장의 연계성 강화에 주로 기인한 것으로 판단하였다. 추정방식 측면에서 본고는 모형 내에 구조 변화를 가정하지 않는 기존 연구를 한층 더 정교하게 발전시켰다는 점에서 기존 연구와 차별화될 뿐만 아니라 추정 결과를 해석하는 과정에서 단기 원화 및 외화 자금시장의 성격 변화에 주목하였다는 점에서 기존에 시도하지 않은 무척 새로운 접근방식이라고 할 수 있을 것이다. 본고의 정책적 시사점은 이자율 평형조건의 동태성 등을 고려하여 정책당국이 시장모니터링을 더욱 강화하고 새로운 정책수단을 발굴할 필요가 있다는 점 등이다.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.25-39
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• 2002

This paper aims to provide quite recent information on the organic industry in the U.S. Major focuses are on the development of cultivation and marketing of fresh and processed organic produce and foods, newly enforced certification program, consumers' purchasing behaviors toward organic foods, and social survey results administered to the organic farmers in the U.S. The U.S. recorded 8 billion dollars' sale of organic foods in 2000, which was the largest in the world and showed 23% growth compared to the previous year. Yet the organic industry is still a niche market, occupying merely 1.5% of total food sale amount. The natural foods markets have not been so concentrated in the U.S., but it is changing and a few wholesale mart such as Whole Foods is emerging. Recent introduction of new certification program provide unified and sole standard at the federal level to which every certifier needs to adjust itself in order to be acceredited by the government. According to a social survey, consumers purchase organic foods because they concern about health, they stick to their own modes of life favoring natural foods, and so on. Another social survey shows that most organic farmers sell their produces to wholesalers, distributers, or producer coop, and direct sale to visitors at their own farm comprises of about 8 percent of their organic land.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.73-84
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• 2020

The paper investigates the effect of the factors on the disclosure of sustainable development information of enterprises. The research sample includes 120 manufacturing companies listed on Vietnam stock market in 2019. This research uses ordinary least squares (OLS) to address econometric issues and to improve the accuracy of the regression coefficients. The empirical results show that five variables have a statistically significant positive effect on disclosure of sustainable development information of manufacturing companies, including firm size (SIZE), independence of board of directors (BOD), foreign ownership (FRO), return on equity (ROE), and financial leverage (LEV). The results indicate that state ownership (STO) has a statistically significant negative effect on disclosure of sustainable development information of manufacturing companies listed on Vietnam stock market. Besides, the research results also show there is a large difference in the disclosure of sustainable development information between listed companies in Vietnam, those of other emerging economies in the region, and the companies in developed markets. Therefore, this paper provides a new insight to managers and related parties on how to improve the firm's sustainability disclosure to bring benefit for the firm itself and the stakeholders by reasonable decisions about the factors that affect disclosure of sustainable development information.

• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.17-44
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• 2015

Due to the oil business, settlements in the Gulf Region developed into prosperous cities. But in the near future, oil is off. The plans of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) states bank on diversified and knowledge-intensive economies. Are those development plans realistic? What is the state of the art of knowledge institutions in the GCC countries? Applying the theoretical frameworks of Knowledge City and Science Indicators research, we empirically and theoretically studied the emerging Gulf cities Kuwait City (Kuwait), Manama (Bahrain), Doha (Qatar), Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah (all UAE), and Muscat (Oman). Our methodological framework includes grounded theory, ethnographic field study, ServQual-like quantitative questionnaires and semi-standardized qualitative interviews conducted on-site with informed people, informetrics, and, finally, the use of official statistics. In particular, we describe and analyze the cities' knowledge infrastructures, their academics, and expenditure on R&D as input indicators; and publications as well as graduates as output indicators. A further crucial aspect of a knowledge society is the transition of graduates into knowledge-intensive public services and private companies.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.37-51
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• 2018

Recently, cloud computing market is growing geometrically in both private and public area, and many global companies in various domains have developed and provided cloud computing services. In such situation, Korean government made multiple plans for domestic cloud computing industry. However, most research institutes have focused on market size and status information, which makes actual effectiveness of cloud computing service hard to recognize. In this study, we define cloud computing Industry by rearranging Input-Output table published by the Bank of Korea to use Input-Output Analysis. The Input-Output Analysis was devised in 1963 by Leontief and it is used in many fields of study until now. It produces various coefficients that are able to identify production-inducing effect, value-added effect, labor-inducing effect, front and rear chain effect. The analysis results show that production-inducing effect, front and rear chain effect of cloud computing industry is low compared to other industries. However, cloud computing Industry possesses relatively high value-added effect and labor-inducing effect. It is because industry magnitude of cloud computing is smaller than other industries such as manufacturing, chemical industries. The economic effects of the cloud computing industry are not remarkable, but this result is significant to emerging markets and industries and presents the fresh way of analyzing cloud computing research field.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.67-79
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• 2019

This study examines the impact of corporate governance on capital structure decisions based on a large panel of Chinese listed firms. Using the system Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) estimator to control for unobserved heterogeneity, endogeneity, and persistency in capital structure decisions, we document that the ownership structure plays a significant role in determining leverage ratios. More specially, we find that managerial ownership has a positive and significant impact on firms' leverage, consistent with the incentive alignment hypothesis. We also find that managerial ownership only affects the leverage decisions of private firms in the post-2005 split share reform period. State ownership negatively influence leverage decisions implying that SOEs may face fewer restrictions in equity issuance and may receive favourable treatments when applying for seasoned equity ¿nancing, thus use less debt. Furthermore, our results show that while foreign ownership negatively influences leverage decisions, legal person shareholding positively influences firms' leverage decisions only for state controlled firms. We also find that the board structure variables (board size and the proportion of independent directors) do not influence firms' capital structure decisions. Our findings suggest that recent ownership reforms have been successful in terms of providing incentive to managers through managerial shareholdings to take risky financial choices.

• 한국디지털정책학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국디지털정책학회 2004년도 International Conference on Digital Policy & Management
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• pp.129-144
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• 2004

The purpose of this paper is to identify current trends in the sport industry in Korea, U.S. and Japan and to also analyze the potential of the sport industry in the 21st Century. This paper analyzes the current sport related index of Korea, U.S. and Japan and the effect of scientific development. Scientific development has provided prosperity to modern societies and has thus increased the personal disposable income and leisure time available to people living in these societies, Many people spend their?leisure time on sports related activities and the number is growing day by day and this situation makes the sports market a very attractive and important business sector in the world. Considering the increase of household income and leisure time and the introduction of a five-day working week system, the sports market potential growth will be considerable and it is certain the demand for sports related activities, services and products will also show increases in the 21st Century. This paper estimates that sports expenditures could be estimated at $10 billion in Korea, $150 billion in U.S and 4.3 billion yen in Japan. The general trends currently in action in the sport industry estimate that these numbers are growing rapidly and the relative importance of the sport industry among all industries is becoming one of the most important new emerging markets in the world.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.21-33
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• 2016

Recently, T-Commerce is emerging to provide new services, with the proliferation of digital broadcasting services. However, T-Commerce market and TV home shopping market are being classified as a legal policy on other markets, such as regulated in the service of live broadcasts. The factor that has inhibited activation T-Commerce related to the lack of appropriate institutions and legal systems in the market, despite the environment with the digital broadcasting service is being spread. We were performed conjoint analysis. For this analysis, we select attributes as a quality attractive factors that significantly affects the satisfaction of TV based shopping customers through previous studies. The results showed that the TV-based shopping customers are important to think 'Responsive', 'Playfulness', 'Live broadcast', 'Convenience' and 'Bidirectional' in the order. The 'Responsive' and 'Live broadcast' of such attributes are served as possible only in TV home shopping, because these attributes don't service due to legal and institutional regulations in T-commerce market. The cluster analysis result also showed that TV shopping consumers are more important to think 'Responsive', 'Playfulness', 'Live broadcast' than 'Convenience' and 'Bidirectional', except one of the classification clusters. If real-time broadcast service is impossible because of the legal and institutional regulations, it seems to require the expansion of the services linked the terrestrial broadcasting to the activating T-Commerce market.