• 대한안전경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한안전경영과학회 2007년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.55-68
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• 2007

Because of not accepted on escape using elevators in fire emergency has some background. In the background elevator hoistway has turn into smoke spread route in fire. The escape that used an elevator was not able to make ends meet; of the big confusion is expected that cannot control the escape adequately, and do that elevator facilities breakdown possibility by the fire water, the escaper shut in car. Therefore ban on elevator service in fire time as a general rule. Recently, a few company promote super high-rise architecture in the country, a fire disaster prevention and human life safety measures preparation for PBD(A Performance Based Fire Protection Design) are studied concretely. And there is the escape example in fire time that used an elevator in the foreign country. You must promote it so that the escape measures that used enclosed stairway and an elevator in charge of a function of the mutual supplement. The result of this research can be used for establishing the standard and regulation for using elevators in fire emergency.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.12-21
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• 2016

본 논문에서는 긴급 재해 발생 시 피난 지원을 목적으로 하는 긴급피난지원시스템을 구축하기 위하여 실내에서 화재, 테러 등의 재해 발생 시 탈출 경로 탐색 알고리즘을 구현하였다. 긴급 상황이 발생하면 알고리즘은 가장 빨리 탈출할 수 있는 비상구로 탈출 경로를 안내해 준다. 알고리즘은 비상구나 비상구 이외의 지역의 인구 밀도와 연령별 가중치를 적용하여 탈출 경로를 계산한다. 본 시스템은 혼잡한 비상구를 우회하게 함으로써 비상구의 과중한 혼잡과 탈출 경로 상의 혼잡을 감소시키면서 재해 발생 지역을 우회하여 탈출하도록 돕는다.

• 한국위성정보통신학회논문지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.101-106
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• 2017

In this paper, we present Emergency exit signs are installed to provide escape routes or ways in buildings like shopping malls, hospitals, industry, and government complex, etc. and various other places for safety purpose to aid people to escape easily during emergency situations. In case of an emergency situation like smoke, fire, bad lightings and crowded stamped condition at emergency situations, it's difficult for people to recognize the emergency exit signs and emergency doors to exit from the emergency building areas. This paper propose an automatic emergency exit sing recognition to find exit direction using a smart device. The proposed approach aims to develop an computer vision based smart phone application to detect emergency exit signs using the smart device camera and guide the direction to escape in the visible and audible output format. In this research, a CAMShift object tracking approach is used to detect the emergency exit sign and the direction information extracted using template matching method. The direction information of the exit sign is stored in a text format and then using text-to-speech the text synthesized to audible acoustic signal. The synthesized acoustic signal render on smart device speaker as an escape guide information to the user. This research result is analyzed and concluded from the views of visual elements selecting, EXIT appearance design and EXIT's placement in the building, which is very valuable and can be commonly referred in wayfinder system.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.13-18
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• 2011

방재설계를 하는데 있어서 피난의 주체인 재실자가 화재시 신속하고 안전하게 피난 가능 하도록 피난방법의 최적으로 정립하는 것이 핵심적 사항이다. 건설 기술의 발전으로 많은 초고층 건축물이 세워지고, 초고층 건축물은 다양한 위험을 내포하고 있으며 재해의 정도를 증대시키고 있다. 초고층 건축물의 기본 설계 단계에서, 화재시 재실자가 피난 계단과 엘리베이터를 동시에 시용하여 피난하는 것을 고려 할 수 있으나, 이러한 피난 계단과 엘리베이터를 동시에 이용안 대피 성능 평가는 적립되어 있지 않다. 본 연구에서는 Virtools를 이용한 VR 기법을 사용하여 화재시 재실자가 비상 엘리베이터 및 피난계단을 동시에 이용하여 피난 할 경우에 대한 대피성능평가를 시뮬레이션을 통하여 분석하였다.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2011년도 정기총회 및 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1389-1396
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• 2011

There can be several states of emergency when the train is in operation. In this paper we consider passengers how to escape from emergency states and what facilities they can use by each situation. In general, passengers can escape from a train by manual door openning, emergency ramp and breaking window. Now, we consider which facility is proper to each scenario.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2023년도 봄 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.209-210
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• 2023

A panic device is a type of door lock that opens when pressed or pushed by the body, so it is an emergency escape device designed to easily open the door and escape in an emergency situation such as fire or earthquake. It is an ideal door handle for an emergency exit. Because many people move quickly and it is easy to use, it is common in Europe and North America, but in Korea, the product is expensive, so it is used on a limited basis in luxury buildings such as hotels, but its use is gradually increasing. East Asian countries such as Korea, China, and Japan mainly prefer the North American type. The design of the penic device used in is a uniform and universal design, and research and development of a new design of the penic device was required to develop a new design type product considering the aesthetics of the building.

• International Journal of Safety
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.58-61
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• 2002

A preparation method of cobalt supported alumina catalyst for a emergency escape mask cartridge has been studied. Catalysts were prepared by incipient wetness impregnation method using pre-shaped $\gamma$=alumina powders of 70-100 mesh. The catalyst was tested in a continuous-flow reactor system and characterized by elemental analysis, BET and TGA-DTA techniques. Cobalt shows higher activity than platinum or nickel for carbon monoxide oxidation at room temperature. Optimum loading amount of cobalt was 10 wt.% for CO oxidation and the reaction activity increases gradually with the increase of calcination temperature up to $450^{\circ}C.

• 한국화재소방학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국화재소방학회 2008년도 춘계학술논문발표회 논문집
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• pp.108-111
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• 2008

Emergency lantern is an escape equipment of fire fighting. This equipment of obligation installation in buildings. But, We cast doubt on this equipment's reliability. Therefor we have need to study of this equipment's reliability. This paper research general emergency lantern for up grade reliability. For connection to fire alarm system, alarm for get lost general emergency lantern, and pilot lamp for interruption of electric power, and charge to rechargeable battery in general emergency lantern from fire alarm system. Then view very good result in reliability.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.90-97
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• 2017

Nowadays, the most of commercial buildings are build-out with complex architecture and decorated with more complicated interiors of buildings so establishing intelligible escape routes becomes an important case of fire or other emergency in a limited time. The commercial buildings are already equipped with multiple exit signs and these exit signs may create confusion and leads the people into different directions under emergency. This can jeopardize the emergency situation into a chaotic state, especially in a complex layout buildings. There are many research focused on implementing different approached to improve the exit sign system with better visual navigating effects, such as the use of laser beams, the combination of audio and video cues, etc. However the digital signage system based emergency exit sign management is one of the best solution to guide people under emergency situations to escape. This research paper, propose an intelligent evacuation route GUIDE that uses the combination centralized Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) and digital signage for people safety and avoids dangers from emergency conditions. This proposed system applies WSN to detect the environment condition in the building and uses an evacuation algorithm to estimate the safe route to escape using the sensor information and then activates the signage system to display the safe evacuation route instruction GUIDE according to the location the signage system is installed. This paper presented the prototype of the proposed signage system and execution time to find the route with future research directions. The proposed system provides a natural intelligent evacuation route interface for self or remote operation in facility management to efficiently GUIDE people to the safe exit under emergency conditions.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2022

This study is a plan on the way to strengthen the survival ability by increasing the use time of air respirator by applying emergency breathing method in the situation where firefighter has to wait for RIT (Rapid Intervention Teams) because it is impossible to escape by himself or emergency escape during isolation during field activities. The research procedure first drew problems by conducting a survey on fire fighters under the Seoul Fire and Disaster Headquarters, and conducted an experiment to compare normal breathing and emergency breathing with 20 members of the Seoul 119 Special Rescue Team, and suggested emergency breathing method and training process modeling that can be applied to each field situation based on the data obtained. The experiment was conducted over 9 weeks, and it was divided into three categories: field activity situation, movement (emergency escape assumption) situation, and place (assume waiting for RIT). In the field activity situation experiment, it was confirmed that the application of skip breathing method was appropriate and the use time of air respirator increased about 1.6 ~ 1.9 times. In the moving situation or the in-situ situation, wheel breathing method was appropriate and the use time of air respirator increased about 1.6 ~ 2.4 times. However, when conducting intense activities in the field activity situation, it is recommended to use it limitedly because it is difficult to apply the emergency breathing method. If emergency breathing is not clearly learned in the body, it is difficult to use in the field, so I think systematic and continuous training is necessary. This study suggests that the application of emergency breathing method is effective enough to strengthen the survival ability of firefighters in the field.