• 방송공학회논문지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.295-312
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• 2017

디지털 영상 콘텐츠는 가장 정보 함축적이며 고부가가치의 콘텐츠이다. 따라서 이 콘텐츠들의 지적재산권을 보호할 필요가 있으며, 본 논문도 이것을 목적으로 한 디지털 워터마킹 방법을 제안한다. 제안하는 방법은 디지털 영상에 대한 2차원 이산웨이블릿변환(2-Dimensional Discrete Wavelet Transform, 2D-DWT)의 주파수 특성을 이용하며, 영상의 국부적 또는 특정 데이터를 사용하지 않고 전역적 데이터에 디지털 워터마크를 삽입하는 방법을 사용한다. 디지털 워터마크를 삽입하는 방법은 간단한 양자화 인덱스 변조(Quantization Index Modulation, QIM) 방법을 사용하며, 워터마크 데이터를 다중으로 삽입하는 다중 워터마킹 방식을 사용한다. 워터마크를 추출할 때 다중 워터마크를 모두 추출하여 간단한 통계적 방법으로 최종 워터마크 데이터를 결정한다. 이 방법은 워터마크 삽입과정에서의 파라미터들을 실험적으로 결정하는 실험적 방법이다. 제안하는 방법은 다양한 공격에 대해 다양한 영상을 대상으로 실험을 수행하며, 기존의 대표적인 방법들과 그 성능을 비교하여 제안한 방법의 우수성을 보인다.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.185-190
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• 2013

The previous steganographic methods by using the interpolation were difficult to estimate the distortion because the size of cover image is extended by interpolation algorithms. In this paper, to solve the problems of previous methods proposed the improved steganographic method based on the pixel replacement algorithms. In our method, we cannot extend a cover image, but also can estimate exactly the distortion of the stego-images. In the experimental results, the estimated distortion and embedding capacity of stego-image are shown on three pixel replacement methods.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.483-491
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• 2015

Data hiding is one of protective methods that can authenticate the completeness of digital information and protect intelligent property rights and copyright through secret communications. In this paper, we propose a data hiding method using pixel-value modular operation that has a high capacity while maintaining a good visual quality. The proposed method can embed secret data on the every pixel of a cover image by modular operation. The experiment results demonstrate that the proposed method has a high capacity and good visual quality where the embedding capacity is 91,138 bytes, the PSNR is 47.94dB, and the Q index is 0.968.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2002년도 ITC-CSCC -1
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• pp.466-469
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• 2002

Using intelligent information contained within the speech to identify the specific hidden data in the watermarked multimedia data is considered to be an efficient method to achieve the speech digital watermarking. This paper presents the performance comparison between various types of speech codec in order to determine an appropriate one to be used in digital watermarking applications. In the experiments, the speech signal encoded by four different types of speech codec, namely CELP, GSM, SBC and G.723.1codecs is embedded into a grayscale image, and theirs performance in term of speech recognition are compared. The method for embedding the speech signal into the host data is borrowed from a watermarking method based on the zerotrees of wavelet packet coefficients. To evaluate efficiency of the speech codec used in watermarking applications, the speech signal after being extracted from the attacked watermarked image will be played back to the listeners, and then be justified whether its content is intelligible or not.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.771-790
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• 1997

By using the method of equivalence of E. Cartan we calculate the local scalar invariants for Riemannian 2-maniolds. We define also a notion of local invariants for submanifolds in $R^{n + d}, n \geq 2, d \geq 1$, in terms of the symmetry of the local isometric embedding equations of Riemannian n-manifolds into $R^{n + d}$. We show that the local invariants obtained by the Cartan's method are the intrinsic expressions of the local invariants in our sense in the casees of surfaces in $R^3$.

• 한국지능시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국퍼지및지능시스템학회 2003년도 ISIS 2003
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• pp.338-341
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• 2003

Recently, the chaotic method is employed to forecast a near future of uncertain phenomena. This method makes it possible by restructuring an attractor of given time-series data in multi-dimensional space through Takens' embedding theory. However, many economical time-series data are not sufficiently chaotic. In other words, it is hard to forecast the future trend of such economical data on the basis of chaotic theory. In this paper, time-series data are divided into wave components using wavelet transform. It is shown that some divided components of time-series data show much more chaotic in the sense of correlation dimension than the original time-series data. The highly chaotic nature of the divided component enables us to precisely forecast the value or the movement of the time-series data in near future. The up and down movement of TOPICS value is shown so highly predicted by this method as 70％.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.846-851
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• 2010

In this paper, we newly propose a novel control strategy of a three joints-robot finger for the purpose of artificial hands. The robot finger is specifically modeled by using a 3D CAD program (CATIA), considering human fingers, and then the proposed control method is verified through the dynamic simulation tool (Simulink and Recurdyn R2). Each slider is individually controlled to be located at the optimal positions where the maximal joint torque can be generated. To prove the effectiveness of the proposed control method, we devise two cases for the reference position of sliders. By comparing the control performance of two cases, the validity of the proposed control method will be verified.

• IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.243-249
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• 2016

This paper proposes a new watermarking algorithm to embed watermarks in thr process of sample adaptive offsets (SAO) for high efficiency video coding (HEVC) compressed videos. The proposed method embeds two-bit watermark into the SAO offsets for each coding tree unit (CTU). To minimize visual quality degradation caused by embedding watermark, watermark bits are embedded into SAO offset depending on the SAO types of block. Furthermore, the embedded watermark can be extracted by simply adding four offsets and checking their least significant bits (LSB) at the decoder side. The experimental results show that the proposed method achieves 0.3% BD-rate increase without much visual quality degradation. Two-bit watermark for each CTU is embedded for more bit watermarking. In addition, the proposed method requires negligible computational load for watermark insertion and extraction.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.308-318
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• 2012

Captions include information which relates to the images. In order to obtain the information in the captions, text extraction methods from images have been developed. However, most existing methods can be applied to captions with a fixed height or stroke width using fixed pixel-size or block-size operators which are derived from morphological supposition. We propose an edge connected components based method that can extract Korean captions that are composed of various sizes and fonts. We analyze the properties of edge connected components embedding captions and build a decision tree which discriminates edge connected components which include captions from ones which do not. The images for the experiment are collected from broadcast programs such as documentaries and news programs which include captions with various heights and fonts. We evaluate our proposed method by comparing the performance of the latent caption area extraction. The experiment shows that the proposed method can efficiently extract various sizes of Korean captions.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2000년도 ITC-CSCC -2
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• pp.902-905
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• 2000

Because of the rapid growth of Internet and multimedia applications, how to protect IPR (intellectual property rights) has become a critical issue. Is one of the ways to overcome the problem of the protection of IPR. Digital watermarking call be applied to multimedia data, such as digital images, digital video, and digital audio. In this paper, we propose a digital watermarking technique for digital images to authenticate an owner or an image by embedding visually recognizable patterns, such as logos, signatures, or stamps into images In BDCT (block discrete cosine transform) frequency domain. The proposed method sorts the components of an original image twice. At the same time, the method, also, rearranges the components of a watermark twice in order to be more robust, and finally embeds the watermark into the image. From the experimental results, the conjunction of three similarity measurements shows that our proposed method is robust to image cropping, image filtering, and JPEG (the Joint Photographic Experts Group) both subjectively and objectively.