• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.16 no.2 s.93
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• pp.174-181
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• 2005

In this paper, a hybrid model is developed, which can estimate scattering properties of a target embedded inside a forest. The model uses a physic-based channel model for a forest to accurately calculate the penetrated field through a forest canopy. The channel model is based on a fractal tree geometry and single scattering theory. To calculate scattering from the target physical optics(PO) is used to compute an induced current on the target surface since the dimension of the target is generally very large and the shape is very complicated. Then using reciprocity theorem, scattering generated by the PO current is calculated without an extra computational complexity.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.53-58
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• 2006

In this paper, We proposed extraction method using EZW a specific character and then add watermark significant coefficient of image. After wavelet transform in image, the significant coefficient value add to watermark information image. In this method, the locations of nonzero wavelet coefficients are encoded with a tree structure, called zerotree, which can exploit the self-similarity of the pyramid decomposition across different scales. The simulation shows that this method provides a superior performance over conventional method and can be successfully applied to the application areas that requires of progressive transmission and search for image data.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.169-176
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• 2000

This paper is considered with the problem of embedding complete binary trees into 3-dimensional meshes using dimension-ordered routing with primary concern of minimizing link congestion. The authors showed that a complete binary tree with $2^P-1$ nodes can be embedded into a 3-dimensional mesh with optimum size, $2^P$ nodes, if the link congestion is two[14], (More precisely, the link congestion of each dimension is two, two, and one if the dimension-ordered routing is used, and two, one, and one if the dimension-ordered routing is not imposed.) In this paper, we present a scheme to find an embedding of a complete binary tree into a 3-dimensional mesh of size no larger than 1.27 times the optimum with link congestion one while using dimension-ordered routing.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.35 no.9
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• pp.101-108
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• 2019

Chinese ethnic minorities are inheriting their own traditions based on thousands of years of community life. Yunnan province in china is a castle in which many ethnic minorities have been living on the basis of various natural environments. Their traditional village can be regarded as a place reflecting minorities' thousands year of history and culture, and elements of positive social spaces are seen from the old village. Streets and places of the village are accumulated as images for residents. Based on their imagination-concept, sketch maps, reflecting residents' cognitive perception were collected. Analysis of 21 sketch maps shows that architectural elements, forming a unique landscape and community life contribute to establish a unity of one nation. the oldest tree in the village has a strong specificity as a place with the belief that the tree protects all residents in the village. Space in the head of the residents and Social spaces, embedded in the memories of the residents living in the community continued organically and the roads of the village showed clear recognition. Following this, the analysis methodology of social spaces and sketch will be examined in depth.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.415-424
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• 2009

As one of the unsupervised learning neural network methods, self-organizing maps(SOM) are applied to various fields. It reduces the dimension of multidimensional data by representing observations on the low dimensional manifold. On the other hand, the minimal spanning tree(MST) of a graph that achieves the most economic subset of edges connecting all components by a single open loop. In this study, we apply the MST technique to SOM with subnodes. We propose SOM's with embedded MST and a distance measure for optimum choice of the size and shape of the map. We demonstrate the method with Fisher's Iris data and a real gene expression data. Simulated data sets are also analyzed to check the validity of the proposed method.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.2 no.12
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• pp.829-840
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• 2013

This paper proposes a modified RRT (Rapidly exploring Random Tree) algorithm utilizing a heuristic input analysis and suggests a test case generation method from Simulink/Stateflow model using the proposed RRT algorithm. Though the typical RRT algorithm is an efficient method to solve the reachability problem to definitely be resolved for generating test cases of model in a black box manner, it has a drawback, an inefficiency of test case generation that comes from generating random inputs without considering the internal states and the test targets of model. The proposed test case generation method increases efficiency of test case generation by analyzing the test targets to be satisfied at the current state and heuristically deciding the inputs of model based on the analysis during expanding an RRT, while maintaining the merit of RRT algorithm. The proposed method is evaluated with the models of ECUs embedded in a commercial passenger's car. The performance is compared with that of the typical RRT algorithm.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.131-142
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• 2010

In this paper, we propose a web GPS based logistics vehicle control management system using MVC design patterns. The proposed system is designed by applying design patterns of object oriented modeling called mini-architecture to enhance reliability of software as well as promote stability of overall system design. In addition, we can get a position information by means of the GPS embedded in PDA and communicate between client and monitoring server using CDMA network so that the position of client can be identified directly by the map service. The system provides an moving object indexing technique which extends the existing TB-tree to manage and retrieve a transporting trajectory of logistics efficiently. Finally, with development of the logistics vehicle control service called WG-LOGICS system, we can verify the usefulness of our system which is able for monitoring a vehicle preparation, allocating registration, loading a burden, transfer path, and destination arrival in real world.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.51-60
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• 2007

In this study, we consider the minimum ADM problem which is the fundamental problem for the cost-effective design of SONET ADM embedded in WDM ring networks. To minimize the number of SONET ADMs, efficient algorithms for the routing and wavelength assignment are needed. We propose a mathematical model based on the graph theory for the problem and propose a branch-and-price approach to solve the suggested model effectively within reasonable time. By exploiting the mathematical structure of ring networks, we developed polynomial time algorithms for column generation subroutine at branch-and-bound tree. In a computer simulation study, the suggested approach can find the optimal solution for sufficient size networks and shows better performance than the greedy heuristic method.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.467-470
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• 2009

Variable loads along the drive-train are attributed to frequent failures of gears, bearings, and other components. Wind parameters cannot be controlled and therefore any turbine load-reducing remedies must be established based on proper insights into the wind-turbine interactions. A novel control concept to performance optimization of wind turbines is presented. This proposed concept is based on analysis of the turbine status reflected in the SCADA data. Modern computational techniques are used to optimize performance of a wind turbine from tree basic perspectives: drive-train, power output, and power quality. The proposed approach demonstrates that gains in the metrics representing the three perspectives and the corresponding control goals can be significantly improved for any wind turbine. The solution is applicable different turbine types operating in different wind regimes, e.g., winds of different speeds and variability. Simple and transparent parameters allow an operator to determine a balance between the operations and maintenance, technical, business objectives. The proposed modeling framework was embedded in software. The software tool has been tested on the data collected from 1.5 MW wind turbines.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.9 no.6 s.37
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• pp.725-731
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• 2006

Hot Standby sparing system detecting faults by using software, and being tolerant any faults by using Hardware Redundancy is difficult to perform quantitative reliability prediction and to detect real time faults. Therefore, this paper designs Hot Standby sparing system using hardware basis self checking logic in order to overcome this problem. It also performs failure mode analysis of Hot Standby sparing system with designed self checking logic by using FMEA (Failure Mode Effect Analysis), and identifies reliability assessment of the controller designed by quantifying the numbers of failure development by using FTA (Fault Tree Analysis)